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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Birth trauma: short and long term effects of forceps delivery compared with spontaneous delivery on various pelvic floor parameters (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To compare the effects of forceps delivery and spontaneous delivery on pelvic floor functions in nulliparous women.Design A longitudinal prospective study with investigations during the first pregnancy, 10 weeks and 10 months after delivery.Setting Antenatal clinic in a teaching hospital.Population One hundred and seven patients aged 28.4 years, divided into those with forceps (n= 25) or spontaneous (n= 82) delivery.Methods Investigations with a questionnaire, clinical examination, assessment of bladder neck behaviour, urethral sphincter function, intra-vaginal/intra-anal pressures during pelvic floor contractions.Results The incidence of stress urinary incontinence was similar in both groups at 9 weeks (32%vs 21%, P= 0.3) and 10 months (20%vs 15%, P= 0.6) after delivery, as was the incidence of faecal incontinence (9 weeks: 8%vs 4%, P= 0.9; 10 months: 4%vs 5%, P= 1) and the decreased sexual response at 10 months (12%vs 18%, P= 0.6). Bladder neck behaviour, urethral sphincter function and intra-vaginal and intra-anal pressures were also similar in the two groups. However, 10 months after delivery, the incidence of a weak pelvic floor (20%vs 6%, P= 0.05) and the decrease in intra-anal pressure between the pre- and post-delivery values (−17±28 cm H2O vs 3±31 cm H2O, P= 0.04) were significantly greater in the forceps-delivered women.Conclusions Forceps delivery is not responsible for a higher incidence of pelvic floor complaints or greater changes in bladder neck behaviour or urethral sphincter functions. However, patients with forceps delivery have a significantly greater decrease in intra-anal pressure and a greater incidence of a weak pelvic floor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11648.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of chlorophyll fluorescence excitation spectra for the non-destructive in situ assessment of UV-absorbing compounds in leaves (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In this study a method was designed to assess non-destructively the type of UV-screening compounds present in the leaf epidermis. The method is based on the recording and calculation of the ratio of UV-excitation spectra of chlorophyll fluorescence (FER) from the adaxial and abaxial sides of bifacial leaves, or from older and younger segments of monocotyledonous leaves. The logarithm of this ratio (logFER) matched the absorption spectrum of the UV-absorbers present in the leaf, as confirmed by its overlap with the absorption spectrum of the methanolic extract of the leaf or of the isolated epidermis. By using the logFER approach, it was possible to demonstrate that the concentration but not the classes of compounds present in the epidermis that are responsible for UV-screening is affected by the side and the age of the leaves. In contrast, measurements from the leaves of seven dicots and one monocot indicated large difference in the classes of these compounds between species. Finally, it was shown that the logFER in the UV is independent of the emission wavelength, and that the method can be used for quantitative measurements. This method expands to the spectral domain the use of ChlF for the estimation of the leaf epidermal transmittance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00942.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of photosynthesis by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in bean leaves determined by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Infection of bean leaves by Colletotrichum lundemuthianum causes vein necrosis and subsequent localized wilting of the blade. The effect of infection on photosynthesis was investigated by imaging leaf chlorophyll fluorescence as a means of mapping stomatal and metabolic inhibition of photosynthesis. During infection, CO2 assimilation (An), stomatal conductance to water vapour, and photosynthetic electron transport rate (Jt) decreased, whereas dark respiration increased. An decreased more than was expected from the reduction in green leaf area, showing that photosynthesis was inhibited in apparently healthy areas. Under subsaturating irradiance, images of Jt in air showed that photosynthesis decreased gradually, with this effect shifting from green to necrotic areas. Sudden increase in CO2 concentration to 0·74% in the atmosphere around the leaf only partially reversed this inhibition, showing that both stomatal and metabolic inhibition occurred. Under limiting irradiance, decreases in Jt and in maximal Jt during high CO2 exposure as leaf damage severity increased suggested that metabolic inhibition was mediated through an inhibition of Ribulose 1·5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration. Finally, the importance of our data in terms of assessing the loss of photosynthetic yield from visible symptoms – as is currently performed in epidemiology – is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00737.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pseudosarcoma of the bladder associated with residual urachus in a 3-year-old girl (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 16 (2000), S. 604-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Pseudosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Bladder ; Urachus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bladder pseudosarcoma or pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation (PMP) is a rare but nevertheless very important differential diagnosis of any bladder mass. In childhood most such masses are usually malignant soft-tissue sarcomas, and distinction from these is therapeutically crucial. To date no aetiological factor for PMP has been identified in children, and treatment is limited to surgical intervention with no role for chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We report clinical, anatomical, and histological findings in a 3-year-old girl with a pseudosarcoma of the urinary bladder associated with a residual urachus, suggesting this as the originating tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830000352
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rehabilitationsprinzipien nach VKB-Rekonstruktion für Breiten- und Spitzensportler (2000)
    Springer
    Arthroskopie 13 (2000), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3924
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter VKB-Rekonstruktion ; Individuell angepasst (criterion-based) ; 4 Phasen ; Sensomotorisches Training ; Keywords ACL-reconstruction ; Individually adapted (criterion-based) ; Four different phases ; Sensomotoric Training
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: The rehabilitation following ACL-reconstruction is determined by the operative technique, additional injuries and the sport specific demands. The program is individually adapted (criterion-based) and not time-based. The whole rehabilitation can be divided into four different phases: hospital, partial weight bearing, total weight bearing and sport specific training. The final result is influenced by the intense collaboration between athlete, physician, physical therapist and trainer.
    Notes: Die Rehabilitation nach VKB-Rekonstruktion wird bestimmt durch die angewendete Operationstechnik, eventuelle Begleitverletzungen sowie die sportartspezifischen Anforderungen. Das Programm ist individuell angepasst (criterion-based) und lässt sich in vier Phasen unterteilen: Hospitalisation, Teilbelastung, Vollbelastung sowie sportartspezifisches Training. Durch die enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Athlet, Arzt, Physiotherapeut und Trainer kann in kurzer Zeit ein optimales funktionelles Endergebnis erreicht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001420050180
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-order harmonic generation in absorbing, dispersive, and ionizing media (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. S221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 42.65.Ky; 32.80.Wr; 42.65.Re
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Experimental and theoretical investigations of high-order harmonic generation in absorbing, dispersive, and ionizing media are reported. All factors limiting the high-order harmonic generation efficiency are taken into account. Good agreement between calculations and experimental results is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400000365
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-perturbative wave-packet calculations of time-resolved four-wave-mixing signals (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 293-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 42.65.Dr; 42.65.Re; 33.80.Wz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We extend a method proposed by Seidner et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 103, 3998 (1995)] to extract directional terms from a time-dependent molecular polarization to obtain time-resolved four-wave-mixing (FWM) signals. Instead of employing perturbation theory, the total polarization induced in the molecular sample by the interaction with several femtosecond laser pulses is determined by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the nuclear dynamics in coupled electronic states numerically exact. Repeating the calculation for several combinations of relative phases of the involved fields leads to a linear system of equations for the contributions emitted in different directions. Gas-phase I2 molecules serve as a numerical example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400000342
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