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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strategic implications of manufacturing performance comparisons for newly industrialising countries (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 24 (2004), S. 1126-1148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The manufacturing strategies and practices in a number of newly industrialising countries (NICs) are studied. The IMSS data for four Latin American industrialising countries, referred to as Group 1, are analysed, comparing these with two benchmarks, which represent more advanced manufacturing situations in well established industrialised countries. Comparing results indicated similarities for Group 1 with the two benchmarks, on simultaneously aiming at all their competitive goals. The study also proved a mismatch in their emphasis on the goals and the level of the objectives achieved in this regard. Links for this mismatch were searched for in various areas including human resource and technological aspects. Results also highlighted serious shortcomings for Group 1 in process technology criteria as compared with the two benchmarks. Comparison results with regard to human resources as well as planning and control aspects are also discussed in the paper. Based on this study, it has been concluded that environmental features have to be thoroughly analysed before any manufacturing strategy is developed for the firms in NICs. Further, continual interactions between manufacturing strategies for these firms with their environmental features have to be included in their strategy formulation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570410563269
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical and neurotransmitter activity of mature neurons derived from mouse embryonic stem cells by Sox-1 lineage selection and directed differentiation (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sx1TV2/16C is a mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell line in which one copy of the Sox1 gene, an early neuroectodermal marker, has been targeted with a neomycin (G418) selection cassette. A combination of directed differentiation with retinoic acid and G418 selection results in an enriched neural stem cell population that can be further differentiated into neurons. After 6–7 days post-plating (D6–7PP) most neurons readily fired tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive action potentials due to the expression of TTX-sensitive Na+ and tetraethylammonium (TEA)-sensitive K+ channels. Neurons reached their maximal cell capacitance after D6–7PP; however, ion channel expression continued until at least D21PP. The percentage of cells receiving spontaneous synaptic currents (s.s.c.) increased with days in culture until 100% of cells received a synaptic input by D20PP. Spontaneous synaptic currents were reduced in amplitude and frequency by TTX, or upon exposure to a Ca2+-free, 2.5 mm Mg2+ saline. S.s.c. of rapid decay time constants were preferentially blocked by the nonNMDA glutamatergic receptor antagonists CNQX or NBQX. Ca2+ levels within ES cell-derived neurons increased in response to glutamate receptor agonists l-glutamate, AMPA, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and kainic acid and to acetylcholine, ATP and dopamine. ES cell-derived neurons also generated cationic and Cl–-selective currents in response to NMDA and glycine or GABA, respectively. It was concluded that ES-derived neurons fire action potentials, receive excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input and respond to various neurotransmitters in a manner akin to primary central neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03782.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of cyclizine, ondansetron and placebo as prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in children〈link href="#fn1-6"〉*〈/link〉 (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nausea and vomiting is a relevant and common problem with unfavourable sequelae in children undergoing some plastic surgery procedures. There is a lack of anti-emetic trials performed in children, with only a few investigating the roles of the older anti-emetic agents such as cyclizine compared with newer ones such as ondansetron. This randomised, controlled, double-blind study examined the effectiveness of a single dose of ondansetron (0.1 mg.kg−1), cyclizine (20 mg) and placebo (normal saline) in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 150 children (mean age 3.6 years) undergoing plastic genitourinary procedures. Rates of previous postoperative nausea and vomiting and motion sickness were comparable across the groups. Postoperative vomiting was significantly reduced with ondansetron prophylaxis (p = 0.006) but there was no detectable anti-emetic effect with cyclizine. Furthermore, cyclizine caused pain on injection (p 〈 0.001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03189_6.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functionality of microencapsulated high-fat powders in wheat bread (2000)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 212 (2000), S. 64-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Keywords: Key words Bread ; Microencapsulation ; High-fat powders ; Texture analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this project was to evaluate the performance of microencapsulated high-fat powders in bread in comparison to commercial partially hydrated vegetable fat. Breads with no added fat were used as a control. Powders with different encapsulating agents (caseinates or whey proteins), sugars (sucrose or lactose) and fat [milkfat (AMF, Anhydrous Milk Fat) or vegetable fat blend] were produced under various processing conditions. Specific volume, volume yield, bake loss, colour and crumb structure were all determined on the baked breads. Crumb compression tests, crumb texture profile analysis and crust penetration were used to evaluate the texture of the baked bread. Comparison of the results revealed that the effects the powders had on specific volume, volume yield, bake loss, crust colour and textural properties varied significantly. WPC75–2 (WPC, Whey Protein Concentrate, low homogenisation pressure, lactose) gave a similar specific volume to the commercial vegetable fat. Powders, which were produced with high homogenisation pressure, gave values of up to 20 % lower. WPC75-1 (WPC, high homogenisation pressure, sucrose) gave a compression value 10% higher than Std-1, (no added fat), while WPC75-1, NaCas-1 (NaCas, low homogenisation pressure, lactose) and NaCas-2 (NaCas, low homogenisation pressure, sucrose) performed as well as the commercial fat standard. Scanning electron microscopy showed differences in structure between the standard bread, bread with commercial vegetable fat and the breads containing WPC75-1 and WPC75-2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170000187
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggregation Pheromones of Two Geographical Isolates of the New Guinea Sugarcane Weevil, Rhabdoscelus obscurus (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 2763-2780 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Aggregation pheromones ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; cytochrome oxidase I ; 2-methyl-4-heptanol ; (E2)-6-methyl-2-hepten-4-ol ; 2-methyl-4octanol ; mitochondrial DNA ; New Guinea sugarcane weevil ; palm weevil ; Rhabdoscelus obscurus ; rhynchophorol ; sibling species ; sugarcane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The aggregation pheromones were studied from two geographical isolates (Hakalau, Hawaii, and Silkwood, Queensland, Australia) of the New Guinea sugarcane weevil, Rhabdoscelus obscurus. Coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC–mass spectrometric (MS) analyses of Porapak Q volatile extract from male and from female Hawaiian R. obscurus revealed a single EAD-active, male-specific candidate pheromone, which was identified as 2-methyl-4-octanol (1). Corresponding volatile analyses from male and from female Australian R. obscurus consistently revealed three EAD-active, male-specific candidate pheromone components that were identified as 1, (E2)-6-methyl-2-hepten-4-ol (rhynchophorol) (2), and 2-methyl-4-heptanol (3). In field experiment 1 in Hakalau, Hawaii, traps baited with a stereoisomeric mixture of synthetic 1 (3 mg/day) plus sugarcane captured more weevils than did traps baited with 1 or sugarcane alone or no bait, indicating that 1 is the pheromone of the Hawaiian R. obscurus population. In field experiment 2, conducted in Silkwood, Australia, traps baited with stereoisomeric mixtures of synthetic 1, 2, and 3 (3 mg/day each) plus sugarcane caught more weevils than did unbaited traps or traps baited with 1, 2, and 3 or sugarcane. Testing candidate pheromone components 1, 2, and 3 in experiments 2–5 in all possible binary, ternary, and quaternary combinations with sugarcane, indicated that 1 and 2 in combination, but not singly, are pheromone components of the Australian R. obscurus population. Weevils from several locations in Australia and Hawaii could not be differentiated using traditional morphological characters or ultrastructural comparisons with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, comparisons of mtDNA sequences (cytochrome oxidase I; regions I1 to M4; 201 base pairs) revealed 5.5% variation between the Hawaiian (N = 2) and the Australian (N = 4) samples. There was no intrapopulation variation in sequence data from the weevils from Hawaii versus Australia, suggesting that they are sibling species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026437809875
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