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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impfkonzepte (2000)
    Springer
    Der Gynäkologe 33 (2000), S. 560-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Impfziele ; Impfplan ; Impferfolg ; Unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen des Impfens ; Keywords Vaccination aims ; Vaccination programs ; Vaccination success ; Undesirable side effects of vaccination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Vaccination is one of the most powerful strategies in medical prevention. Although wide-scale vaccination programs have failed in the German population, real opponents to vaccination in our country are in the minority. An adequate vaccination protocol is important not only medically, but also cost-effective from a public health perspective. The lack of a vaccination programs as in other European countries represents a major, critical deficiency which should be rectified in Germany.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kaum eine andere Maßnahme wie die Impfung hat größeren präventiven medizinischen Charakter. Während eine Durchimpfung der Bevölkerung in Deutschland in vielen Bereichen nicht gelungen ist, sind tatsächliche Impfgegner in unserem Lande nur in einer Minderheit vorhanden. Gute Impfkonzepte sind nicht nur aus medizinischer Sicht richtig, sondern in der gesellschaftlichen Betrachtung auch kosteneffizient. Der Mangel in unserem Land ist, dass ein Impfprogramm fehlt, wie es in anderen Ländern, auch in Europa, bereits vorliegt. Aus diesem Grunde muss ein Impfkonzept in Deutschland durchgesetzt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001290050602
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiological Investigation of Nine Respiratory Pathogens in Hospitalized Children in Germany Using Multiplex Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 19 (2000), S. 336-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of this study was to generate urgently needed data on respiratory pathogens in German children using an economical and efficient tool. Nasopharyngeal aspirates of hospitalized children 0–16 years of age with an acute respiratory tract infection were tested by a nine-valent multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Of 1281 children, 449 (35%) had an acute respiratory tract infection caused by at least one of the organisms studied; there were 29 cases of dual infection. At least 34–42% of severe acute respiratory tract infections in children under 5 years of age were caused by viruses. In children over 5 years of age, this proportion was 23% (P〈0.001). Infection during the first 2 years of life was most frequently due to respiratory syncytial virus (n=162 cases). Parainfluenza virus type 3 (n=22) and type 1 (n=14) were detected almost exclusively in children under 5 years of age. Influenza A (n=90) and adenoviruses (n=98) were prevalent in all age groups. The frequency of influenza B virus isolation (n=17) rose significantly after the age of 5 years. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (n=24 cases, 5.2%) was most frequent in 5- to 16-year-old patients. Only one case of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection was found. Since the distribution of pathogens within the different types of lower respiratory tract infections is very similar, it seems that host factors determine which form of lower respiratory tract infection develops in an individual patient. The multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction may, in the future, become an important tool for epidemiological studies as well as for individual diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960050490
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of spin observables in neutron-proton elastic scattering (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 17 (2000), S. 83-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A double scattering experiment, performed at the Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI), has measured a large variety of spin observables for free np elastic scattering from 260 to 535 MeV in the c.m. angle range from 60° to 164°. Results are presented for the depolarization parameters $D_{onon}, D_{os''os} and $D_{os''ok}$ , the polarization transfer parameters $K_{onno}, K_{os''so}$ and $K_{os''ko}$ , and the 3-index parameters $N_{onkk}, N_{os''kn}, N_{os''sn}$ and $N_{os'ʼns}$ . The last four parameters have been measured for the first time in this energy range. These measurements considerably improve the data base available for neutron-proton scattering and will allow a direct reconstruction of the I = 0 scattering matrix, providing complete information about the nucleon-nucleon interaction in a model-independent way.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100520000465
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysing power for the reaction $\mathrm{np} \rightarrow \mathrm{pp} \pi^{-}$ and for np elastic scattering from 270 to 570 MeV (2002)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 25 (2002), S. 55-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The analysing power of the reaction ${\rm n} {\rm p} \rightarrow {\rm p} {\rm p} \pi^{-}$ for neutron energies between threshold and 570 MeV has been determined using a transversely polarised neutron beam at PSI. The reaction has been studied in a kinematically complete measurement using a time-of-flight spectrometer with large acceptance. Analysing powers have been determined as a function of the c.m. pion angle in different regions of the proton-proton invariant mass. They are compared to other data from the reactions ${\rm n} {\rm p} \rightarrow {\rm p} {\rm p} \pi^{-}$ and ${{\rm p} {\rm p} \rightarrow {\rm p} {\rm p} \pi^{0}}$ . The np elastic scattering analysing power was determined as a by-product of the measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10052-002-1002-2
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The vesicular forebrain (pseudo-aprosencephaly): a missing link in the teratogenetic spectrum of the defective brain anlage and its discrimination from aprosencephaly (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 277-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Holoprosencephaly ; Aprosencephaly ; Pseudo-aprosencephaly ; Teratology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases out of a sample of 41 fetuses and infants with prosencephalic malformation, observed at the Institute of Pathology and Department of Neuropathology of the University of Heidelberg, are described here in detail. These cases presented grossly with microcephaly and missing forebrain, appearing to be cases of aprosencephaly. However, in one of these cases glio-mesenchymal membranes with an ependymal outline, consistent with the microscopic appearance of the dorsal sac membrane in holoprosencephaly and obviously representing remnants of a collapsed primitive prosencephalic vesicle, could be demonstrated. In the other case only hindbrain structures, with the exception of the cerebellum, were present without any demonstrable remnants of a prosencephalon. We propose that the microscopic specification of a primitive prosencephalic vesicle in the first case and similar cases does not justify the diagnosis of atelencephaly/aprosencephaly because the prosencephalon was not really missing (pseudo-aprosencephaly). The prosencephalic anlage had been formed but remained vesicular without further differentiation of a holospheric brain mantle as in common holoprosencephaly (‘vesicular forebrain’). We believe that pseudo-aprosencephaly represents the most primitive form of holoprosencephaly, in which the forebrain remains as a complete sac, linking classical holoprosencephaly with ‘true’ aprosencephaly, i.e., defective prosencephalic anlage due to developmental arrest. The ‘vesicular forebrain’ allows one to extend the classification of Probst by an additional category which might be termed complete sac category, intercalated between the dorsal sac category and ‘true’ atelencephaly/aprosencephaly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00007438
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of spin observables in neutron-proton elastic scattering (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 17 (2000), S. 67-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The spin correlation parameters $A_{oonn}, A_{ooss}, A_{oosk}, A_{ookk}$ and the analyzing power $A_{oono}$ have been measured in free np elastic scattering at kinetic energies of 260, 315, 380, 460 and 535 MeV in the c.m. angle range from 60° to 164°. The experiment was performed at the Paul-Scherrer-Institut (PSI) using a polarized neutron beam with continuous energy incident on a polarized proton target. These data will contribute significantly to the determination of the isospin I=0 nucleon-nucleon amplitudes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100520000464
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction np $\rightarrow$ pp $\pi^-$ from threshold up to 570 MeV (2002)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 23 (2002), S. 43-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The reaction np $\rightarrow$ pp $\pi^-}$ has been studied in a kinematically complete measurement with a large acceptance time-of-flight spectrometer for incident neutron energies between threshold and 570 MeV. The proton-proton invariant mass distributions show a strong enhancement due to the pp( $^1{\rm S}_0$ ) final state interaction. A large anisotropy was found in the pion angular distributions in contrast to the reaction pp $\rightarrow$ pp $\pi^0$ . At small energies, a large forward/backward asymmetry has been observed. From the measured integrated cross section $\sigma({{\rm n}{\rm p} \rightarrow{\rm p}{\rm p} \pi^-})$ , the isoscalar cross section $\sigma_{01}$ has been extracted. Its energy dependence indicates that mainly partial waves with Sp final states contribute.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100520100852
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical Simulation of Bingham Fluid Flow Using Prox-Regularization (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 106 (2000), S. 603-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: prox-regularization methods ; convex variational problems ; Bingham flow problems ; viscoplastic fluid flows
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A special case of fluid flow, the laminar flow of a Bingham fluid through a cylindrical pipe, can be described as a convex minimization problem where the objective function J0 is nondifferentiable. J0 can be approximated easily by smooth functions J∈, but for a small parameter ∈〉0, the corresponding discretized problems are ill-conditioned. The use of proximal point methods to set well ill-posed problems or to stabilize ill-conditioned problems is well known. We present some numerical experiences of comparing standard prox-regularization methods with weak norm-based regularization methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004661513837
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mehr Rechtssicherheit beim Impfen? Ein Diskussionsbeitrag (2000)
    Springer
    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 43 (2000), S. 519-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001030070037
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wollen wir ein Impfprogramm? (2000)
    Springer
    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 43 (2000), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001030050001
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