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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 receptor gene for association with inflammatory bowel disease (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Inflammatory bowel ; Crohn's ; Ulcerative colitis ; Interleukin-4 receptor ; Association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic linkage analysis in families with multiple cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has mapped a gene which confers susceptibility to IBD to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 16 (IBD1). The linked region includes the interleukin(IL)-4 receptor gene (IL4R). Since IL-4 regulation and expression are abnormal in IBD, the IL4R gene is thus both a positional and functional candidate for IBD1. We screened the gene for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by fluorescent chemical cleavage analysis, and tested a subset of known and novel SNPs for allelic association with IBD in 355 families, which included 435 cases of Crohn's disease and 329 cases of ulcerative colitis. No association was observed between a haplotype of four SNPs (val50ile, gln576arg, A3044G, G3289A) and either the Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis phenotypes using the transmission disequilibrium test. There was also no evidence for association when the four markers were analyzed individually. The results indicate that these variants are not significant genetic determinants of IBD, and that the IL4R gene is unlikely to be IBD1. Linkage disequilibrium analyses showed that the val50ile and gln576arg variants are in complete equilibrium with each other, although they are separated by only about 21 kilobases of genomic DNA. This suggests that a very dense SNP map may be required to exclude or detect disease associations with some candidate genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050001
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A General Framework for Prioritizing Land Units for Ecological Protection and Restoration (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental management 25 (2000), S. 23-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: KEY WORDS: Cost–benefit; Ecological indicators; Ecological end points; Prioritization; Restoration and protection; Risk; Wetlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679910003
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Climate for Creativity and Change in Teams (2002)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Creativity and innovation management 11 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8691
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This article reports the results of a study conducted to examine the ability of the Situational Outlook Questionnaire (SOQTM) to effectively discern climates that either encourage or discourage creativity and the ability to initiate change in a team setting. The purpose of the study is to examine the concurrent criterion–related validity of the SOQ. The article explores the characteristics in an organisational climate that promote teamwork and some of the tripwires one needs to be aware of in the formation and management of teams. Nine dimensions of the climate for creativity and change as measured by the Situational Outlook Questionnaire are put forward and defined in relation to teams. The methodology and results of the study are reported. The results show that when subjects (N7equals;154) complete the SOQ based on their recollection of a best– and worst–case team experience, the measure is able to consistently and significantly discriminate between the two types of experiences. Conclusions, implications, and areas for future research to further examine the validity of the SOQ are explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8691.00238
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Understanding market entry timing decisions: the practitioner-academic gap (2002)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 20 (2002), S. 70-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Notes that much is known in the academic literature about factors that may be influential in firms' market entry timing decisions. Specifically, in response to a competitors' pioneering new product introduction, academic research finds many conditions that suggest a greater desirability of immediate market entry while many other conditions suggest a greater desirability of a delayed response. Reports the results of a survey and experiment where working managers and experienced MBA students were asked to evaluate the timing of market entry given a complex business scenario. The results show areas where there is a consensus among decision makers with the academic literature, as well as areas where views differ from that of the literature. Perverts and discusses insights gained into the decision making processes of managers for market entry timing decisions. The study can help managers in follower firms achieve greater success in formulating market entry timing strategies by reducing ambiguity in the timing implications of many internal and external conditions, as well as by drawing attention to potential action biases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634500210418482
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dihydroparthenolide diol, a novel sesquiterpene lactone (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o323-o325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, 2,10-dihydroxy-1,6,10-trimethyl-4,14-dioxatricyclo[9.2.1.03,7]tetradecan-5-one, C15H24O5, a novel sesquiterpene lactone synthesized from dihydroparthenolide, has a 1,4-furano bridge in the 10-membered ring and a trans-fused α-methyl-γ-lactone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801004111
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hot spot mutations in keratin 2e suggest a correlation between genotype and phenotype in patients with ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 9 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens (IBS) is a rare disorder of cornification characterized by blister formation in the upper suprabasal layers of the epidermis. Molecular analysis of IBS has identified mutations in the keratin 2e (K2e) gene, which is located in the type II keratin gene cluster on chromosome 12q. We have studied two IBS families and have identified heterozygous point mutations in codon 493 of the K2e gene in both families. Whereas a non-conservative amino acid substitution at position 117 of the 2B region of K2e (E117K) was associated with a severe phenotype in family 1, family 2 showed mild clinical features as a result of a conservative substitution (E117D). These data suggest a phenotype–genotype correlation in these families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2000.009001011.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hedgehog signalling within airway epithelial progenitors and in small-cell lung cancer (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 422 (2003), S. 313-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Embryonic signalling pathways regulate progenitor cell fates in mammalian epithelial development and cancer. Prompted by the requirement for sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling in lung development, we investigated a role for this pathway in regeneration and carcinogenesis of airway epithelium. Here ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01493
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    corrigendum: IRE1 couples endoplasmic reticulum load to secretory capacity by processing the XBP-1 mRNA (2002)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 420 (2002), S. 202-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Nature 415, 92–96 (2002). In this Letter, the commercial polyclonal antiserum used to detect endogenous XBP-1 was sc-7160 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and not sc-8015, as erroneously stated. The antibody sc-8015 is a mouse monoclonal and, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01193
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pseudotumour in von Willebrand disease (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pseudotumour is a rare complication of haemophilia; it has previously been reported in patients with moderate or severe haemophilia and rarely in mild disease. We report a case of a proximal pseudotumour occurring in a 36-year-old patient with mild von Willebrand disease (vWD) who made a good recovery with conservative management. Surgery has been advocated as the optimal treatment for proximal pseudotumours due to the risk of continued bleeding and progression. However, in mild haemophilia or vWD, where the risk of spontaneous bleeds is low, conservative management may be an appropriate alternative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2516.2001.00552.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of lidocaine and NMDA injections into the medial pontobulbar reticular formation on mastication evoked by cortical stimulation in anaesthetized rabbits (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neurons of the dorsal nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (nPontc) fire rhythmically during fictive mastication, while neurons of the ventral half tend to fire tonically (Westberg et al., 2001). This paper describes the changes in the pattern of rhythmical mastication elicited by stimulation of the sensorimotor cortex during inhibition or excitation of neurons in this nucleus and adjacent parts of nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (Rgc) in the anaesthetized rabbit. Masticatory movements and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and digastric muscles produced by cortical stimulation were recorded before, during and after injections of a local anaesthetic (lidocaine) or excitatory amino acid N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) into nPontc and Rgc through a microsyringe with attached microelectrode to record neuronal activity. Lidocaine inhibited local neurons and modified the motor program, and the effects varied with the site of injection. Most injections into the ventral half of nPontc increased cycle duration, digastric burst duration and burst area. The action of lidocaine in dorsal nPontc was more variable, although burst duration and area were often decreased. The effects on the muscle activity were always bilateral. Lidocaine block of the rostromedial part of Rgc had no effect on movements or on EMGs. Injections of NMDA excited local neurons and when injected into ventral nPontc, it completely blocked mastication. Dorsal injections either had no effect or increased cycle frequency, while decreasing burst duration and area. No increases in EMG burst duration or area were observed with NMDA. Our findings suggest that neurons of ventral nPontc tonically inhibit other parts of the central pattern generator during mastication, while dorsal neurons have mixed effects. We incorporated these findings into a new model of the masticatory central pattern generator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02670.x
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