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Collimated deposition of hard bias magnetic films via long-throw techniques (2000)

Rook, K. ; Gupta, S. ; Feng, Y. ; [et al.]

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5738-5740

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ISSN: 1089-7550

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics

Notes: We present an optimization of long-throw sputter-deposited Cr/CoCrPt films, specifically for (lifted-off) hard bias applications in an AMR/GMR head. Deposition was carried out in the target-to-substrate (T/S) range of 7–9 in., with pressure down to 0.25 mTorr. On increasing the T/S by 1 in., a 5% reduction in coercivity was observed, and shown to be only partially explained by the deposition rate reduction. On the other hand, lower gas pressure during the CoCrPt deposition significantly increased the coercivity. Higher target power and higher substrate bias also increased the coercivity. All the observed T/S, pressure, target power, and bias dependencies suggest enhanced coercivity is associated with higher CoCrPt adatom mobility. X-ray diffraction data showed the relative intensity of the (0002) to the (1010) peak to be decreased both with higher CoCrPt deposition power or substrate bias; more in-plane c-axis texture could explain the increased coercivity. A sputter etch of the wafer before Cr deposition increased the coercivity by about 300 Oe. A combination of these techniques may be used to compensate for the deterioration in magnetic properties due to the long-throw. Optimal properties of 1790 Oe coercivity and 3.5 memu/cm2 Mrt were achieved. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372506

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Use of the carbon dioxide laser for tracheobronchial pathology in children (2000)

Ayache, D. ; Wagner, I. ; Denoyelle, F. ; [et al.]

Springer

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 257 (2000), S. 287-289

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ISSN: 1434-4726

Keywords: Key words Tracheobronchial disease ; Endoscopy ; Carbon dioxide laser ; Pediatric otolaryngology

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract The carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has been used to treat tracheobronchial pathology for more than 20 years. It was initially employed in adults and now has been found to be useful in the treatment of certain lesions in children. We present our experience with this technique in 30 patients treated with a CO2 bronchoscopic laser from 1987 to 1995 in the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department of Armand Trousseau Hospital. Four different types of pathologies have been successfully treated with the laser: selective cases of tracheobronchial stenosis following trauma and/or secondary to neonatal ventilation, posttraumatic tracheobronchial granuloma (due to foreign bodies or tracheotomies), tracheobronchial granulomas of infectious origin (tuberculosis), and selective cases of tracheobronchial tumor.