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  • ZIB Katalog
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (50)
  • 1995-1999  (50)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inactivation of Fac in mice produces inducible chromosomal instability and reduced fertility reminiscent of Fanconi anaemia (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 12 (1996), S. 448-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: [Auszug] Targeting of the replacement vector (pExon8−) led to the deletion of Fac exon 8 and insertion of the neo gene after homologous recombination (Fig. 1a,b). Homozygous mice were produced by breeding offspring of the chimaeras (Fig. 1c). RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that exon 8 was absent from ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0496-448
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differential Effect of NMDA on Extracellular Serotonin in Rat Midbrain Raphe and Forebrain Sites (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 66 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The contribution of NMDA receptors to regulation of serotonin (5-HT) release was assessed by in vivo microdialysis in freely behaving rats. During infusion of NMDA (30, 100, and 300 µM) into the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), 5-HT was increased by ∼25, 100, and 280%, respectively. Competitive and noncompetitive NMDA-receptor antagonists blocked this effect on DRN 5-HT. Infusion of NMDA (300 µM) into the DRN also produced an 80% increase in extracellular 5-HT in the nucleus accumbens. During infusion of NMDA (100 and 300 µM) into the median raphe nucleus (MRN), 5-HT was increased by ∼15 and 80%, respectively. NMDA-receptor antagonists blocked this effect on MRN 5-HT. Infusion of NMDA into the MRN also produced a significant increase in hippocampal 5-HT. In contrast, infusion of NMDA into the nucleus accumbens, frontal cortex, or hippocampus produced small decreases in 5-HT in these forebrain sites. Taken together, these results suggest that NMDA receptors in the midbrain raphe, but not the forebrain, can have an excitatory influence on 5-HT neurons and, thus, produce increased 5-HT release in the forebrain. Furthermore, in comparison with the MRN, DRN 5-HT neurons were more sensitive to the excitatory effect of NMDA.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66031067.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modeling orientational randomization in zeolites: A new probe of intracage mobility, diffusion and cation disorder (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 2893-2905 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have performed kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of benzene orientational randomization (BOR) and diffusion in Na-Y zeolite for various Na(II) occupancies and Na(II) spatial patterns. Full Na(II) occupancy gives BOR rates controlled by intracage motion, whereas half Na(II) occupancy gives BOR rates sensitive to both intracage and intercage motion, but insensitive to particular Na(II) spatial patterns. Alternatively, BOR with one quarter Na(II) occupancy demonstrates qualitative sensitivity to different Na(II) spatial patterns. Calculated diffusion coefficients vary weakly with decreasing Na(II) occupancy until ca. one Na(II) per supercage. Diffusion coefficients and mean square displacements reveal no information about intracage motion, and are insensitive to different spatial patterns of Na(II) cations. Our computational results thus suggest that measuring orientational randomization in zeolites can provide important information regarding intracage motion, diffusion and cation disorder. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473352
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analytical theory of benzene diffusion in Na-Y zeolite (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 7810-7815 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have developed an analytical expression for the diffusion coefficient of benzene in Na-Y at infinite dilution in terms of fundamental rate coefficients, which has been confirmed by extensive kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. This model assumes that benzene jumps among SII and W binding sites, located near Na+ ions in 6-rings and in 12-ring windows, respectively. Our diffusion theory is based on D=〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉16ka2 where a≅11 Å is the intercage length and k is the cage-to-cage rate coefficient. We have determined that k=k(SII→W)⋅〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉12⋅3[1+k(W→W)/k(W→SII)], a finding that has resolved discrepancies between theory and simulation and has suggested new interpretations of benzene diffusion in Na-Y. When α(T)≡k(W→W)/k(W→SII) is between 0 and 1, the factor 3[1+α(T)] counts the number of thermally allowed target sites for cage-to-cage motion. Alternatively, when α(T)(very-much-greater-than)1, benzene mobility is interpreted as interstitial diffusion, wherein k is controlled by the probability of W site occupancy multiplied by the rate of W→W jump processes. This limit is expected to arise with benzene loadings of four molecules per supercage. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473738
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transport Theory for Cationic Zeolites: Diffusion of Benzene in Na-Y (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 10600-10608 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100026a025
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alignment of D2(v, J) desorbed from Cu(111): Low sensitivity of activated dissociative chemisorption to approach geometry (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 9702-9705 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have determined the alignment of D2(v,J) desorbed from Cu(111). The measurements reveal a small preference for "helicoptering'' motion that increases with increasing J. At low J, the alignments are much smaller than predicted by recent calculations. We believe that the anisotropic potential may scramble the alignment as the molecules leave the surface. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472979
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Breastfeeding (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 24 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1995.tb02476.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamics of the formation of CD4 from the direct reaction of incident D atoms with CD3/Cu(111) (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 10115-10122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Using molecular beam techniques we find that incident D atoms can abstract CD3 from a Cu(111) surface to yield CD4 in a direct (Eley–Rideal) gas–surface reaction with a cross section of ∼10−16 cm2/D atom. Dynamical evidence for a direct reaction includes the observation of an extremely sharp angular distribution that is clearly displaced from the surface normal, and the determination of a very high translational energy of the product, Ef, which is ∼2 eV. For a 0.25 eV D-atom beam incident at 45° on a 95 K surface, this energy varies with the detection angle, θf, as Ef(θf)=(1.8+θf/45) eV, where θf〈0° in the "backscattering'' direction. For these conditions, the angular distribution approximately follows the function cos70(θf−5.5), being peaked 5.5° from the normal with a full width at half maximum of 〈17°. Lowering the beam energy to 0.07 eV gives a broader angular distribution peaked at about 1.5° from the normal, consistent with cos60(θf−1.5). The reaction with 0.25 eV H incident at 45° gives a similar distribution peaked at ∼3.5° from the normal. The shifts in the angular distributions are approximately consistent with parallel momentum conservation. The CD3/Cu(111) surface was prepared by thermal dissociation of CD3I on the surface or by adsorbing CD3 directly from a CD3 beam produced by the pyrolysis of azomethane. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472840
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamics of the displacement of CO from Cu(111) by H atoms incident from the gas phase (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 8842-8848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We find that CO is displaced from a ∼90 K Cu(111) surface by an incident H atom beam with a cross section of ∼10−16 cm2/H atom. As for a previous study of the ejection of O2 from Pt(111), our results indicate that part of the heat of adsorption of the incident species is carried away by the ejected molecule in a "dynamic displacement'' process. We have determined the internal-state distribution of the ejected CO using quantum-state-specific laser ionization detection. We have also determined its angular and velocity distribution using a rotatable quadrupole mass spectrometer. The rotational distribution of molecules displaced in the v=0 and v=1 vibrational states are close to Boltzmann distributions at 390 K and 940 K, respectively. While the v=1 population is approximately proportional to the CO coverage, that for v=0 has a more complex coverage dependence, approximately following the presence of the CO α state, which gives a distinct temperature-programmed desorption peak for coverages above 1/3 ML. The equivalent vibration temperature ranges from 1500 K at low coverage to 800 K for a saturated surface. The velocity distribution of the ejected molecules is close to a Boltzmann distribution at 1300 K, corresponding to a translational energy of ∼0.22 eV. The angular distribution is symmetric about the normal and is close to a cos5 θf at small angles, desorption angles, θf, approximately following a cosine distribution for θf(approximately-greater-than)40°. We discuss the results in terms of the dynamic displacement model, where desorption of CO(v=0) is driven by a sudden switch from the chemisorption to physisorption wells. In the case of CO(v=1), we suggest that desorption may follow the formation of a temporary HCO intermediate. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472613
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantum-state distributions for the HD product of the direct reaction of H(D)/Cu(111) with D(H) incident from the gas phase (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 2732-2739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have determined the internal-state distribution for the HD product of the reaction of gas-phase D atoms with H atoms chemisorbed on Cu(111) and for the corresponding reaction of H atoms with chemisorbed D atoms. In the case of D-on-H, the populations of the vibrational states v=0, 1, 2, and 3 are comparable, while that for v=4 is considerably smaller, giving a mean vibrational energy of ∼0.7 eV. The vibrational state distribution for H-on-D is similar, but in this case there is a clear peak at v=1, even less population in v=4, and a somewhat smaller mean vibrational energy of ∼0.6 eV. The mean rotational energy falls with increasing v in both cases, ∼0.5 eV for v=0 to 〈0.2 eV for v=4, with an overall mean rotational energy of ∼0.4 eV. The rotational distributions are distinctly narrower for H-on-D than for D-on-H. The maximum internal energy observed is ∼2.3 eV, consistent with the total energy available to the product. Results are consistent with recent calculations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471006
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