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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Rats fed either a safflower oil (α-linolenate-deficient) or a perilla oil (α-linolenate-sufficient) diet through two generations (F1) showed significant differences in the brightness-discrimination learning task. In this task, correct responses were lever-pressing responses, which were reinforced with dietary pellets, and incorrect responses were those with no reinforcement. The inferior learning performance in the safflower oil group was caused mainly by the inferior ability to rectify the incorrect responses through the learning sessions. In the safflower oil group after the learning task, the average densities of synaptic vesicles in the terminals of the hippocampus CA1 region were decreased by nearly 30% as compared with those in the perilla oil group, and it is notable that this difference was not detected without the learning task. These results suggest that dietary oil-induced morphological changes in synapses in the hippocampus of rats are related to the differential learning performance and that the turnover rate of synaptic vesicles in the hippocampus may be an important factor affecting learning performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Biochemical characteristics of brain microsomal membranes were examined before and after the brightness-discrimination learning tasks in rats that were fed either safflower oil (α-linolenate-deficient) or perilla oil (α-linolenate-sufficient) diets. We detected small changes in the chain elongation system for polyunsaturated fatty acids in microsomes, whereas no significant difference was detected in the inositol trisphosphate-induced calcium release and ATP-induced calcium uptake profiles of microsomes between the two dietary groups. The calcium ion-induced aggregation rate of microsomes was determined in both groups. We found that the aggregation rate of microsomes in the safflower oil group was significantly greater than that in the perilla oil group. The difference in susceptibility of microsomal membrane phospholipids to phospholipase A2 between the groups was obvious, and the amount of released fatty acids by phospholipase A2 from the perilla oil group microsomes was nearly half of that from the safflower oil group microsomes after the learning task. Susceptibility of sialic acids on the brain microsomal membranes to exogenous sialidase was different only after the learning task in the safflower and perilla oil groups. These results suggest that the biochemical characteristics of membrane surfaces of brain microsomes are affected significantly by the learning task itself in a dietary oil-dependent manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4699-4701 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recently, the wavelet analysis is being applied to the various fields, such as image data compression in informatics and spectrum analysis of the electrocardiogram. In the present article, we propose the two approaches, employing the wavelet analysis for the human heart diagnosis. One is the data base approach, and the other is an inverse approach searching for the magnetic field source of the human heart. The data base approach is an application of the data compression to the magnetocardiogram. Also, the magnetic field source searching is an application of the spectrum analysis to the magnetocardiogram. The results reveal that the data base approach makes it possible to identify the normal or abnormal heart, and the magnetic field source search is capable of estimating the current distribution of a distinct heart. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 282-287 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Oxide layers etched at an angle were fabricated on a 6H-SiC substrate by varying etching time in diluted hydrofluoric acid, and 6H-SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor structures with various oxide thicknesses were formed. High-frequency capacitance–voltage measurements were carried out for determining the change in gate voltages corresponding to the midgap condition as a function of the thickness of the oxide layer, and the depth profile of trapped charge density in the oxide was estimated from the result. It is found that negative charges build up near the 6H-SiC/SiO2 interface, and that positive charges accumulate in the region at 40 nm from the interface. No significant difference is observed in the depth profiles of the trapped charge density between the oxide layers on the carbon and silicon faces. The origin of these trapped charges is discussed in conjunction with the carbon-related compounds in the oxide layers. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin metal evaporated (ME) tape with low remanence-thickness product (Mrδ), high coercivity (Hc) and low noise was designed to match a magnetoresistive (MR) head. This article focuses on the high density recording performance of a shielded MR head/thin ME tape media designed for use with an MR head. The PW50 measurement was adopted to certify that the depth of recording was restricted by magnetic layer thickness. Reduced second harmonic distortion at low density shows saturation-free operation of the MR head. Frequency domain measurements indicate drastically reduced ac erase noise level and higher output level at short wave length. High readback density (neglecting intertrack interference) of 1.07 Gbits/in2 with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) after equalization of 18.7 dB was attained for a FeNi (AMR) head and 1.29 Gbits/in.2 with SNR of 20.0 dB for a spin-valve (GMR) head. The performance of the MR head/thin ME tape system was compared to commercial ME tape and thin metal particulate tape in terms of noise characteristics, depth of recording, and SNR after equalization. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of primary low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure syndrome with galactorrhea is reported. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffusely enhanced meninges, edematous brain, and enlarged pituitary gland. Coincidental enlargement of pituitary gland and edematous brain due to low CSF pressure compressed the pituitary portal system. The 1ow-perfused anterior lobe of pituitary gland would be the mechanism of galactorrhea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 244-246 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results of persistent photoconductivity (PPC) and photoluminescence measurements made on radio-frequency plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy grown, undoped, GaN are reported in this work. Hexagonal GaN (h-GaN) epilayers grown on sapphire and cubic GaN (c-GaN) epilayers grown on GaAs and cubic SiC substrates, are employed in this study. Three clear experimental evidences are reported to claim that the commonly seen persistent photoconductivity and yellow luminescence (YL) are related to each other through the same defect. First, PPC is observed only in those samples which show YL. Second, the threshold (the minimum photon energy required) to observe PPC is determined as 1.6±0.2 eV, which is almost at the same energy at which the YL band starts raising. Third, the photocurrent increases monotonically from 1.8 to 2.2 eV, which is consistent with the broad nature of YL band. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 2507-2509 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reflection high-energy electron diffraction is used to study the stability of the (2×2) reconstruction on the (0001) surface of hexagonal-phase GaN as a function of growth parameters. The relationship between the critical conditions for existence of the reconstruction, which corresponds to a unique surface stoichiometry, is used to show the interdependency and scalability of growth parameters. A model is proposed to describe the stoichiometric balance of the species arriving on the surface at the critical conditions for observation of the reconstruction. Hall mobility of the GaN epitaxial layers was improved by growing under these conditions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 1025-1027 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The 4×1 (respectively 1×1) (001) GaN surfaces obtained when molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) growth is carried out on (001) cubic SiC were exposed to an As background pressure in the MBE chamber: The reconstructions rapidly and irreversibly changed to 2×2 [respectively c(2×2)] as usually observed for GaN growth on (001) GaAs. The usual reversible 2×2/c(2×2) transitions were consequently observed when bringing the Ga flux up or down. The respective positions for the 4×1/1×1 and 2×2/c(2×2) transitions were worked out as a function of the growth parameters. These observations indicate that the 2×2 and c(2×2) GaN surface reconstructions are mediated by As atoms which we tentatively assign to a surfactant effect. A simple structural model involving As dimers is proposed that accounts for Ga coverages of 0.5 and 1 monolayer for the 2×2 and c(2×2) growth regimes, respectively. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 22 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary Three subject groups who have shown different biting forces were examined in order to investigate whether the physiological phenomenon that the duration of the silent period (SPD) of the masseter muscle would be influenced by background activities of the muscles. They were classified into child (CN, n= 10) and adult groups; the adult group was then further subdivided according to the strength of maximum biting force into a normal group (AN, n= 10) and a low biting force group with some symptoms (AS, n= 5). SPD was observed in maximum) and biting on a transducer (50N, 100N and maximum). With increase of muscle activities, SPD was significantly decreased in the AN and CN groups, whereas no significant changes were found in the AS group. When comparing SPDs among the three groups at the same voluntary effort, the AN group exhibited the shortest SPD followed by the CN and AS groups. The results suggest that SPD was positively influenced by the strength of the background activities of the muscles and that immaturity of the masseters in terms of muscle activity could affect the SPD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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