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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (57)
  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • 1995-1999  (44)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise elimination method using a transmission line for the diagnostics of radio frequency plasma (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1730-1733 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A filter using a transmission line formed by a cascade connection of inverted L-type networks has been developed to reject the distortion of the probe characteristics by rf (radio-frequency) noise. Each inverse L network consists of two coaxial cables with the same physical constant and length. The filter can remove discrete frequency components including the fundamental and harmonic components, the cut-off frequencies being determined by the distributed circuit constant and the length of the cables. By inserting different kinds of the network in cascade, many noise components associated with the rf frequency can be eliminated at the end section of the filter. Experiments have been performed in rf plasmas by inserting three kinds of inverted L networks with the frequency f (13.56 MHz), 2 f and 4f as the cut-off frequency. Distortion free probe characteristics have been obtained, from which accurate determination of plasma parameter such as the electron energy distribution is possible. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147982
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    YAG laser Thomson scattering diagnostic on the JT-60U : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 772-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A YAG laser Thomson scattering system has been developed to measure the time evolution of electron temperature (Te) and density (ne) profiles in the JT-60U. Presently this system provides Te and ne periodically every 100 ms (20 ms at the minimum) at 15 spatial channels. A six spectrum channel polychromator, which is a successive interference filter type, was designed to measure a wide Te range (20 eV–20 keV) by using five channels. The sixth channel is used for calibration by Rayleigh scattering. However, we also used the Rayleigh channel to measure Te and ne since the stray light level was very low. As a result, we were able to measure temperatures below 20 eV. The temperature of the silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) is stabilized by a Péltier element so that the gain is kept constant within ±0.5%. The stable performance of the APD enables accurate Te and ne measurement. During plasma operation, the electron temperature is measured over a wide range from the low temperature plasmas in the runaway plasma current tail generated by a killer pellet to the high temperatures of high performance negative shear plasmas. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149392
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of sofalcone on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in a Helicobacter pylori-infected gnotobiotic murine model (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Sofalcone has been reported to exert anti-ulcer and gastroprotective actions, but its exact mechanism of action remains unknown. In our laboratory, we found that indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers become worse when associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods: We employed the H. pylori-infected gnotobiotic murine model to examine the effect of sofalcone on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in the presence of H. pylori infection. In vitro experiments were also done to evaluate the effects of sofalcone on H. pylori growth, adherence of H. pylori to the MKN45 cells (a human gastric epithelial cell line), and these cells' IL-8 production in the presence of H. pylori. Results: We found that sofalcone produced a significant improvement in ulcer size as well as a substantial reduction in the number of H. pylori colonies in H. pylori-infected gnotobiotic mice. In vitro sofalcone has a significant bacteriocidal effect against H. pylori and can also significantly prevent adherence of this bacterium to MKN45 cells, thus remarkably reducing IL-8 production of these cells in response to stimulation by H. pylori. Conclusion: Our results suggest that sofalcone can improve ulcer healing by the mechanisms mentioned above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.014s1223.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of the Wave Nature of an Ultracold Atom (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 755 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb38968.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blockade of superoxide generation prevents high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor-mediated release of allergic mediators by rat mast cell line and human basophils (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Previous studies have shown that rat peritoneal mast cells and mast cell model rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL-2H3) cells generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to antigen challenge. However, the physiological significance of the burst of ROS is poorly understood.Objective The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of superoxide anion in mediator release in rat and human cell systems.Methods RBL-2H3 cells were directly stimulated with anti-rat FcεRI α-subunit monoclonal antibody (mAb). For the analysis of human cell system, leucocytes were isolated by dextran sedimentation from healthy volunteers or from patients, and challenged either with anti-human FcεRI mAb or with the relevant antigens. Superoxide generation was determined by chemiluminescence-based methods. The releases of histamine and leukotrienes (LT)s were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorben assay (ELISA).Results Cross-linking of FcεRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcεRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes. Similarly, leucocytes from patients generated superoxide anion in response to the challenge with the relevant allergen but not with the irrelevant allergen. Furthermore, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a well-known inhibitor of flavoenzymes suppressed the superoxide generation and the release of histamine and LTC4 induced by the anti-FcεRI mAb or by allergen in parallel.Conclusion These results indicate that both RBL-2H3 cells and human basophils generate superoxide anion upon FcεRI cross-linking either by antibody or by allergen challenge and that blockade of the generation prevents the release of allergic mediators. The findings strongly support the role of superoxide generation in the activation of mast cells and basophils under both physiological and pathological conditions. The findings suggest that drugs regulating the superoxide generation have potential therapeutic use for allergic disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0954-7894.2002.01263.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in influenza virus induction of prostaglandin E2 from arachidonic acid in bronchial epithelial cells (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Influenza virus (IV) infection causes airway inflammation; however, it has not been determined whether IV infection could catabolize arachidonic acid cascade in airway epithelial cells. In addition, the responsible intracellular signalling molecules that catabolize arachidonic acid cascade have not been determined.Objective In the present study, to clarify these issues, we examined the cyclooxygenase (COX) expression, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) phosphorylation and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) upon IV infection, and the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK and c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in catabolizing arachidonic acid cascade in BEC.Methods COX-2 expression, phosphorylation of cPLA2 and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK were determined by Western blot. The concentrations of PGE2 were determined by ELISA. PD 98059 as a specific inhibitor of MAPK kinase-1 (MEK-1), an up-stream kinase of ERK, SB 203580 as a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK and CEP-11004 as a specific inhibitor of JNK cascade were used to investigate the role of ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK in catabolizing arachidonic acid cascade in BEC.Results The results showed that (1) IV infection increases COX-2 expression, cPLA2 phosphorylation and PGE2 release, (2) ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK were phosphorylated, (3) CEP-11004 and PD 98059 predominantly attenuated COX-2 expression and cPLA2 phosphorylation, respectively, (4) SB 203580 did not remarkably affect COX-2 expression and cPLA2 phosphorylation, and (5) each inhibitor dose-dependently attenuated PGE2 release by various extents.Conclusion These results indicate that IV infection activates three distinct MAPKs, ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK, to participate to various extents in the induction of PGE2 synthesis from arachidonic acid in BEC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01750.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late-onset focal dermal elastosis: clinical and histological features (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 133 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We describe two patients with lesions clinically resembling pseudoxanthoma elasticum and histologically exhibiting focal elastosis. with normal-appearing elastic fibres in the mid- and deep dermis. We consider that these skin lesions represent a previously undescribed entity, whose pathogenesis appears to be related to the ageing process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02634.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoprovocation test and immunohistochemical analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in patients with Sjögren's syndrome associated with photosensitivity (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 147 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background  Annular erythema (AE) in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) usually develops on areas of sun-exposed skin and is exacerbated during summer. Objectives  To evaluate photosensitivity in SS and to investigate the involvement of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the development of AE in SS. Methods  Phototesting with UVA and UVB was performed on 14 SS patients, including 10 with primary SS. Clinical and histological features as well as expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the evoked skin lesions were compared with those of lupus erythematosus (LE). Eleven SS patients had a history of photosensitive AE ( n  = 4), papules ( n  = 3) or other types ( n  = 4) of lesions on their sun-exposed skin that were induced or aggravated by sunlight exposure. Results  Phototesting induced a prolonged erythematous response ( n  = 8), infiltrated erythema (IE) ( n  = 4) and/or papules ( n  = 3) in 11 of 14 SS patients, including one with primary SS without a history of photosensitivity. Histologically, the induced IE and papules showed coat-sleeve-like or sparse perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes similar to that in primary skin lesions of AE in SS. No epidermal changes characteristic for LE were found except for partial and mild liquefaction degeneration in three cases. In contrast, two cases were indistinguishable from the papular type of polymorphic light eruption in several aspects, including their primary skin lesions and early response to a photoprovocation test. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse expression of iNOS throughout the epidermis, which is characteristic for LE, in the three SS patients with minimal liquefaction degeneration, while the remaining seven SS patients examined exhibited no iNOS staining or a normal expression pattern. Conclusions  Our results indicate that photosensitivity exists in certain primary SS patients, and that UV is critical to the development of AE in SS, probably through a pathological mechanism distinct from that in LE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04995.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on schooling behaviour and brain development in larval yellowtail (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 58 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The onset of schooling behaviour and brain growth in larval yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata larvae fed on Artemia enriched with oleic acid (OA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 10 days was investigated. Larvae from the DHA groups schooled with parallel orientation while those of the EPA groups showed only aggregation. Larvae of the OA groups were dispersed. DHA and EPA groups showed significantly smaller nearest neighbour distance compared with OA groups, and DHA groups showed significantly smaller values of nearest neighbour angle compared with the other groups. The relative volume of the tectum opticus (TO) of the DHA group was significantly larger in two experiments and also the relative volume of the cerebellum (CE) of that group was significantly larger in one experiment. Dietary DHA is probably critically important for the development of the brain, particularly TO, during the larval stages, and that development of TO may be the key factor of the ontogeny of schooling behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb02323.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of placental-type glutathione S-tranferase (GST-π) in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and normal human skin (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1995), S. 589-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Placental-type glutathione S-transferase ; Human skin ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Northern blotting ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of human placental-type glutathione S-transferase (GST-π) was investigated in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and normal skin using Northern blot and immunohistochemical analysis. In Northern blot examination, the expression of GST-π transcript was recognized in all instances, and SCC showed a significantly higher expression of GST-π than normal skin. In immunohistochemical examination, GST-π was stained well in the cytoplasm of all cells of the stratum granulosum, many cells of the stratum spinosum and a few cells of the stratum basale in normal skin. Some cells of the stratum spinosum and almost all cells of the stratum basale showed only a weakly positive or almost negative reaction for GST-π. No nuclear staining of GST-π was obvious in normal epidermal cells. In SCC, many cells showed strong positivity for GST-π in the cytoplasm, and some were obviously accompanied by nuclear staining of GST-π. These findings suggest that GST-π exists mainly in many cells in the upper layers of the normal epidermis and that GST-π is involved in the process of carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199348
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