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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of linear isomers of the ionized rare gas tetramers Ar4+ and Xe4+ (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 2513-2518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ionized rare gas clusters Ar4+ and Xe4+ have been studied by photofragmentation. Center-of-mass velocities of the neutral and ionized photofragments have been measured for photon energies between 1.6 and 4.4 eV. In almost all of the examined photon energy region, both clusters exhibit fragment velocity distributions which show that they consist of a linear ionized trimer with an additional atom loosely attached to its side. For the lowest photon energies, however, fragmentation patterns are observed which can only be explained by a linear tetramer structure. This demonstrates that stable linear isomers of the ionized rare gas tetramers exist. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479529
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin–orbit effects in the photodissociation of ionized rare gas trimers: Comparison of He+3, Ar+3, and Xe+3 (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 3450-3462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The velocities of neutral and charged photofragments of the rare gas trimers He+3, Ar+3, and Xe+3 have been examined in a comprehensive study for photon energies ranging from 1.5 to 6 eV. For this purpose, a novel time-of-flight technique has been applied which allows the simultaneous examination of both neutral and charged fragments. The general fragmentation pattern of all three species was that of a linear trimer with a parallel transition moment and a totally repulsive excited state: In the course of the dissociation, two of the particles gain high velocities in opposite directions, while the third particle (the middle particle of the linear trimer) only obtains a small velocity. The positive charge generally localizes on one of the fast outer particles, as can be expected from the symmetry properties of the excited state. For Ar+3 and Xe+3, however, also localization of the charge on the slow particle can be observed. This effect strongly depends on the energy of the absorbed photon, and can be quenched by decreasing the vibrational excitation of the trimer. Comparison of the results with new potential energy surface calculations indicate that mainly spin–orbit coupling induced conical intersections are responsible for this charge redistribution phenomenon. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470229
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beam formation at the Munich atomic beam source : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 750-752 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A Stern–Gerlach atomic-beam ion source (ABS) with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ionizer and a Cs gas target as charge exchange units will replace the Munich Lamb–Shift polarized hydrogen source. The goal is to achieve intense negative beams of polarized H− and D− of high brightness for injection into the 14 MV MP tandem accelerator and beam intensity of about 2 μA on the target. At the entrance of the ECR ionizer the observed intensity of the neutral beam of polarized atoms is 6.4±0.4×1016 H/s, equivalent to 10 particle/mA before ionization. Comparing beam transport calculations with beam intensity measurements under various conditions allows a consistent description of the beam formation in the ABS with respect to the degree of dissociation ((similar, equals)80%), peaking ((similar, equals)1.6), beam absorption ((similar, equals)40%), and pumping speeds to be made. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148565
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review of accelerator based sources (invited) (abstract) : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1999-1999 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The development of storage rings for synchrotron radiation have now arrived at so-called third-generation and have straight sections with optical functions optimized for undulators and electron beams of very small emittances. The beam optics of the ring is chosen so as to minimize the quantum excitation of betatron oscillations which determine the emittance. This can be achieved with a ring containing many cells with a small bending angle and with strong focusing in each cell. The first point results in large and expensive rings and both points require strong sextupole magnets for the chromaticity correction which can limit the dynamic acceptance. The optimization of storage rings with these points in mind lead to lattices which have achromatic cells with two, three, or more bending magnets. Studies for future rings consider further methods like the use of wigglers, combined function magnets, increased transverse damping partitions, etc. in order to obtain even smaller emittances which approach the diffraction limit. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145781
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of colestipol dose on postprandial serum bile acid concentration: assessment by an enzymic bioluminescence procedure (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A dose-response study was performed with three doses of colestipol, using postprandial serum bile acid levels to assess bile acid sequestering activity in 40 volunteers with asymptomatic hyperlipidaemia. Subjects who entered the study had total serum cholesterol concentrations greater than 220 mg/dl and triglyceride concentrations less than 200 mg/dl. They were randomly assigned to one of four parallel treatment groups: (a) placebo b.d., colestipol (as Colestid hydrochloride granules) 2.5 g b.d., (c) colestipol 5 g b.d., and (d) colestipol 7.5 g b.d. Subjects were maintained on a constant repeating solid diet throughout the 6-day study period, and colestipol was ingested 30 min before breakfast and dinner. No drug was administered on Days 1–3; baseline (pre-treatment) serum bile acid concentration profiles were determined on Day 3. The above treatments were given on Days 4–6, and total serum bile acid
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1990.tb00510.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Kostomuksha greenstone belt, NW Baltic Shield: remnant of a late Archaean oceanic plateau? (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Terra nova 9 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The Kostomuksha greenstone belt consists of two lithotectonic terranes, one mafic igneous and the other sedimentary, separated by a major shear zone. The former contains submarine 2.8 Gyr old komatiite-basalt lavas and volcaniclastic lithologies with trace element and isotopic compositions resembling those of recent oceanic flood basalts [ɛNd(T) =+ 2,8, μ.1= 8.73 (Nb/Th)N= 1.5–2.1 (Nb/La)N= 1.0–1.5]. We suggest that the mafic terrane is a remnant of the upper crustal part of an Archaean oceanic plateau derived from partial melting of a mantle plume head. When the plateau reached the continental margin, it collided with the sedimentary terrane but was too buoyant to subduct. As a result, the volcanic section of the plateau was imbricated and obducted thus becoming a new piece of continental crust. The deeper zones were subducted and disappeared from the geological record.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1997.tb00009.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonsurgical Treatment of Gallstone Disease (1990)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 41 (1990), S. 401-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.41.020190.002153
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopic analysis of autograft bone applied at the interface of porous-coated devices in human cancellous bone (1992)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 16 (1992), S. 349-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons étudié la réponse de l'os spongieux humain et le taux de remodelage osseux aprés insertion chirurgicale de copeaux d'os autologue (COA) à l'interface entre os et implants poreux. Au cours du premier temps d'une arthroplastie totale bilatérale du genous, nous avons implanté, chez 7 malades consentants, deux dispositifs à revêtement poreux dans le condyle interne du fémur opposé. L'un a été recouvert de COA avant d'être mis en place, l'autre a été placé tel quel pour servir de contrôle. Ces dispositifs ont été explantés en bloc avec l'os avoisinant lors de la deuxième arthroplastie, 6 à 49 semaines après leur insertion. Les études en microscopie électronique ont montré une augmentation significative (p≤0.05) de la quantité d'os sur la surface poreuse recouverte de COA. Le taux d'apposition minérale (TAM) moyen était de 1,04±0,20 μm/jour à l'interface et de 0,81±0,09 μm/jour au niveau de l'os spongieux adjacent. Pour les implants non greffés le TAM était de 1,03±0,38 μm/jour à l'interface et de 0,79±0,19 μm/jour au niveau du spongieux périphèrique. Le TAM à l'interface des implants à revêtement poreux est significativement augmenté (p±0.05) par rapport à l'os receveur avoisinant.
    Notes: Summary This study describes the response of human cancellous bone when autologous bone chips are added at operation to the interface between host bone and porous-coated implants. During the first operation of a staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty, seven patients consented to have paired porous-coated devices implanted into their opposite medial femoral condyle. One device of each pair had autologous bone chips applied to the porous-coating, and the other was not grafted and was a control. The devices were removed en bloc at the second total knee arthroplasty 6 to 49 weeks later. Backscattered electron imaging showed significantly more bone (p≤0.05) in the porous-coating of the implant treated with autologous bone chips which significantly increased (p≤0.05) the amount of bone available at the interface. The grafted devices had a mineral apposition rate of 1.04±0.20 μm/day for the interface and 0.81±0.09 μm/day for the peripheral bone. This compared with corresponding figures of 1.03±0.38 μm/day and 0.79±0.19 μm/day at the ungrafted devices. The mineral apposition rate at the interface of the porous-coated implants was significantly increased (p≤0.05) relative to the host bone in the periphery. Our results support the view that autologous bone chips are effective in attaching cementless porous-coated total knee replacements to the human skeleton by bone ingrowth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189618
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic polymorphism of the gene encoding the outer surface protein A (OspA) of Borrelia burgdorferi (1992)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 181 (1992), S. 57-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The genes coding for the outer surface protein (OspA) of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis have been cloned and sequenced. Two German strains (skin isolate PKo and cerebrospinal fluid isolate PBi) have been analyzed. Using an OspA-specific monoclonal antibody (L32 2E7) for immunological screening of a genomic pUC 18 library of B. burgdorferi strain PKo, an OspA-producing clone was detected and subclones containing the open reading frame were constructed. The gene coding for the OspA protein of B. burgdorferi strain PBi was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned in pUC8. The open reading frame of both ospA genes consists of 822 nucleotides corresponding to a protein of 273 amino acids. Both proteins have a calculated molecular mass of 29.6 kDa. Molecular analysis revealed significant differences between each other and to already-published sequences of ospA of B. burgdorferi strains B31, ZS7 and N40 (the ospA genes of B31, ZS7 and N40 are nearly identical). The deduced amino acid sequences of the OspA protein of strains PKo and PBi showed a homology of 83% to each other and 77% and 80%, respectively, to OspA protein of strain B 31. The three proteins contain a variable middle region, whereas the N and the C terminus are conserved. This unexpected high dissimilarity of the ospA genes may be important in respect to vaccination studies and diagnostic procedures (i.e., development of PCR primers or serodiagnostic antigens). Moreover, the molecular heterogeneity of OspA confirms three out of seven immunologically defined OspA serotypes of a recently proposed OspA serotyping system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189424
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk of invasive carcinoma in colorectal adenomas assessed by size and site (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 12 (1997), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Problématique: Le risque de développer un carcinoma invasif en cas d'adénome colorectal est influencé par nombre de caractéristiques à la fois des patients et des adénomes dans le collectif d'échantillons analysés. Patients et méthodes: Entre 1978 et 1993, plus de 20,000 polypes ont été documentés prospectivement dans le registre des polypes colorectaux de Erlangen et analysés au moyen d'une analyse statistique de régression logique. Résultats: La taille des adénomes s'est révélée être le facteur le plus important en cas d'adénome de plus de 15 mm en comparaison avec des lésions plus petites. Cinq mille cent trente sept adénomes de moins de 5 mm sont porteurs d'un carcinome invasif. Les adénomes du côlon droit présentent un risque inférieur de malignité que ceux du côlon gauche ou du rectum mais le risque de dégénérescence augmente avec la taille de l'adénome. Dans le cas d'adénomes de moins de 36 mm de diamètre, le risque de carcinomes invasifs est observé plus fréquemment s'ils siègent au niveau du rectum ou du côlon gauche alors que des adénomes de plus de 36 mm sont plus fréquemment porteurs de carcinomes s'ils sont localisés dans le côlon droit ou le côlon gauche plutôt que le rectum. En conclusion: Une analyse multi-variée de 11,380 adénomes détectés à une première pancolonoscopie montre que les facteurs de siège et de taille qui peuvent tous deux être déterminés par la seule colonoscopie sont à même de prédire le risque de malignité de manière adéquate, tant sur le plan statistique que sur le plan clinique.
    Notes: Abstract . Background: The risk of invasive carcinoma developing in colorectal adenomas is influenced by a number of characteristics of both patients and adenomas, and the composition of the sample analysed. Patients and methods: Between 1978 and 1993 more than 20 000 polyps were prospectively documented at the Erlangen Registry of Colorectal Polyps, and analysed statistically by logistic regression. Results: The size of the adenomas proved to be the most important factor for adenomas equal to or larger than 15 mm as compared with smaller lesions. In 5137 diminutive adenomas (≤5 mm) invasive carcinoma was never found. Adenomas in the right-sided colon had a lower risk than those in the left colon or rectum, but with increasing adenoma size, the malignancy rate showed a right-sided shift. In adenomas of up to 36 mm in diameter, invasive carcinoma was found more often when they were located in the rectum or left colon while adenomas larger than 36 mm were more likely to harbour invasive carcinoma when located in the right or left colon rather than in the rectum. Conclusions: A multivariate analysis of 11380 adenomas detected at the first total colonoscopy showed that the factors size and site, both of which can be assessed by endoscopic inspection alone, were found to enable a statistically and clinically adequate assessment of the malignancy risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050103
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