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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of surface forces apparatus for tribology studies combined with nonlinear optical spectroscopy (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 2499-2504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe the design, calibration, and performance of surface forces apparatus with the capability of illumination of the contact interface for spectroscopic investigation using optical techniques. The apparatus can be placed in the path of a Nd-YAG laser for studies of the linear response or the second harmonic and sum-frequency generation from a material confined between the two surfaces. In addition to the standard fringes of equal chromatic order technique, which we have digitized for accurate and fast analysis, the distance of separation can be measured with a fiber-optic interferometer during spectroscopic measurements (2 Å resolution and 10 ms response time). The sample approach is accomplished through application of a motor drive, piezoelectric actuator, or electromagnetic lever deflection for variable degrees of range, sensitivity, and response time. To demonstrate the operation of the instrument, the stepwise expulsion of discrete layers of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane from the contact is shown. Lateral forces may also be studied by using piezoelectric bimorphs to induce and direct the motion of one surface. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148148
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total solid-phase synthesis and prolactin-inhibiting activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone precursor protein and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone associated peptide (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 31 (1992), S. 8799-8809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00152a016
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of the visual cortex (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 382 (1996), S. 306-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - One long-standing question in developmental neuroscience is whether the functional architecture of the visual cortex is epigenetically induced by activity-dependent mechanisms or whether it is prespecified by genetic instructions1'2. It is widely assumed that dependence on experience and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382306a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous pinwheel annihilation during visual development (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 395 (1998), S. 73-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Neurons in the visual cortex respond preferentially to edge-like stimuli of a particular orientation. It is a long-standing hypothesis that orientation selectivity arises during development through the activity-dependent refinement of cortical circuitry. Unambiguous evidence for such a process ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/25736
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three New Polymorphic Forms of Molybdenum Pentachloride (1997)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 895-903 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Three new polymorphic modifications of molybdenum pentachloride could be obtained by solvothermal syntheses in CCl4 and SbCl5 as solvents. The structures have been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The already known structure of monoclinic \alpha-MoCl5 (C2/m) is not isomorphous with \alpha-NbCl5 and is better derived from the closest packing of Cl atoms of the Sm type with molybdenum occupying 1/5 of the octahedral holes. The triclinic structure of \beta-MoCl5 (P\overline 1) can be derived from hexagonal closest packing. The orthorhombic structure of \gamma-MoCl5 (Pnma) and the monoclinic structure of \delta-MoCl5 (P21/c) can both be derived from double-hexagonal closest packing. All four forms of MoCl5 have in common the discrete Mo2Cl10 moieties built from edge-sharing double octahedra with the metal atoms displaced from the octahedron centres away from each other. The differences between the modifications lie in the different stacking sequences of the close-packed Cl-atom layers and the different occupation of the octahedral interstices. This is reflected in the group–subgroup relationships of the space groups of the closest packings and the molybdenum pentachlorides. X-ray powder diffraction shows that sublimed MoCl5 is a mixture of all four modifications in variable amounts and probably a further unknown form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768197008331
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody therapy (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 16 (1997), S. 249-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Dynamic MRI ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Biological response modifiers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate if dynamic gadolinium-DTPA-supported magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can monitor the therapeutic effect of a fast-acting immuno-modulating drug like anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α) monoclonal antibody (moab) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Dynamic MR imaging was performed on 64 joints in a total of 18 patients before and after infusion with either a placebo or 1 or 10 mg/kg of anti-TNF-α moab. Additionally, treating the placebo group and reinfusing the verum group with either 3 or 10 mg/kg was monitored by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Time-dependent signal intensity changes were then correlated with a total of five Paulus criteria and with ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP). No changes in either the gadolinium uptake or clinical parameters were seen after the infusion of a placebo. Therapy with 1 mg/kg anti-TNF-α moab resulted in a significant decrease in clinical disease activity, as well as in gadolinium-DTPA uptake in dynamic NMR studies. However, correlations between signal intensity changes and Paulus criteria were only demonstrated for the variable “doctor's evaluation of disease activity”. Patients given 10 mg/kg moab demonstrated a very significant improvement in all clinical manifestations of their disease, as well as a high significant reduction in gadolinium uptake (P=0.004). In addition, the latter group showed significant correlations between time-dependent signal intensity changes and five Paulus criteria: “number of swollen joints”, “number of painful joints”, “duration of morning stiffness”, “doctor's evaluation of disease activity” and “patient's evaluation of disease activity”. No differences and correlations were seen for ESR and CRP. We concluded that dynamic NMR studies are suitable to monitor inflammatory activity in RA patients under therapy with biological response modifiers such as anti-TNF-α moab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01375657
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    99m-Tc-HMPAO-SPECT in diagnosis of early cerebral vasculitis (1996)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 16 (1996), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Systemic vasculitis ; CNS involvement ; Neurologic symptoms ; 99m-Tc-HMPAO-SPECT imaging ; Early detection and prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate whether mild neurological symptoms suggestive of neuropsychiatric involvement may be associated with cerebral perfusion defects as detected by functional brain imaging with 99m-Tc-HMPAO-SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography). SPECT analysis for the early detection of central nervous system (CNS) involvement was evaluated in 40 consecutive patients with systemic vasculitis or with Sneddon's syndrome. Of these, 18 patients showed overt neuropsychiatric symptoms, so-called major symptoms (e.g. motoric or sensible defects); 6 had mild symptoms like headache or cognitive disorders, so-called minor symptoms; 16 patients did not present with any of these symptoms. SPECT abnormalities were detected in 16 of the 18 patients with overt neuropsychiatric symptoms (89%). Five of the 6 patients with minor symptoms (83%) and 5 of the 16 patients without neurological symptoms (31 %) also had SPECT abnormalities. There was no relation to disease activity or duration. We concluded that the high sensitivity of SPECT (87.5%) in detecting perfusion abnormalities among the evaluated group of patients indicates its suitability for early diagnosis of vasculitic CNS involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01419953
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with chemotherapy (CNOP) and r-hu-G-CSF: Clinical outcome and effect on HIV-1 viral load (1998)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 9 (1998), S. 1135-1138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: AIDS ; chemotherapy ; G-CSF ; HIV-1 viral replication ; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: The optimal treatment of AIDS-related NHL (ARL) has yet to be defined. The purpose of this study was 1) to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the CNOP-regimen (cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine, and prednison) in combination with G-CSF; and 2) to study the effect of this regimen on HIV-1 viral replication. Patients and methods: A phase II study was performed in 21 previously untreated patients with ARL. Results: Based on intention to treat, the response rate was 43%: four complete and five partial remissions. Median survival was only five months. Only one patient had an opportunistic infection during treatment; three patients had localized infections and one episode of septicaemia was seen. Remarkably, during treatment, in 94% of cases p24 antigen levels either remained undetectable or showed a substantial decrease, even though antiretroviral therapy had been discontinued just prior to the first cycle of chemotherapy in all patients. HIV-1 RNA load decreased or remained unchanged in 82% of patients and increased in three patients. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate, 1) that the CNOP-regimen in combination with G-CSF, although associated with a low risk of both opportunistic and bacterial infections, can not be recommended in the treatment of ARL; but 2) that G-CSF can be used safely to sustain haematopoiesis in patients with ARL treated with chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008484522952
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Humane Anti-Mausimmunglobulin-Antikörper als Störfaktoren der TSH-Bestimmung (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 220-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human Anti-Mouse-Antibodies ; TSH-IRMA ; Monoclonal antibody therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monoclonal murine antibodies are increasingly used for immunotherapy and in vivo diagnostic procedures such as immunoscintigraphy. The therapeutic or diagnostic reagent however, is a foreign antigen, which may induce host reactivity. This may interfere with the therapeutic or diagnostic reagent in vivo, resulting in a loss of efficacy or the necessity to increase dosages. In addition, there is an important interference to in vitro immunoassays detecting specific antigens utilizing murine monoclonal antibodies. In the present study, sera of patients who had undergone a therapeutic trial using 140 mg of an anti-CD4 antibody, were investigated. Human anti-murine-immunoglobulin-antibodies (HAMA) were detected 2–3 weeks after treatment was started and reached maximal amounts of 0.8 μg/ml after a single and 2 μg/ml after a repeated treatment course. Parallely raised values of TSH were found in sera containing HAMAs of more than 0.3 μg/ml. Elevations of TSH levels up to 13 μU/ml were most pronounced after a repeated trial of the murine antibody and were detectable up to 20 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01646945
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of high-energy shock waves on the viable human kidney (1993)
    Springer
    Urological research 21 (1993), S. 273-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: High-energy shock waves ; Human kidney ; Side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Between September 1990 and July 1991, we treated 17 patients with renal-cell carcinoma by radical nephrectomy and two patients with urothelial carcinoma of the kidney pelvis by ureteronephrectomy. Immediately after nephrectomy, perfusion of the kidneys with cold HTK solution was performed and the organs were kept in hypothermia of 8°C. The tumor-free parenchyma of the kidneys was treated 4 h later with shock waves of different energy levels in an experimental shock-wave system (Siemens Company, Erlangen). Light microscopy and examinations by scanning laser microscopy were performed after treatment. High-energy shock waves (HESW) produce significant changes in the tubulary and blood-vessel system of the viable human kidney, depending on the energy applied. Although our model is limited by hypothermia of the explanted kidneys, the effects of shock waves on the organs can be studied. Our model is suitable for testing the effects of different lithotriptors on the human kidney.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307710
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