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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epstein-Barr-Virus- und lymphocytotoxische Serumantikörper in Sarkoidose-Patienten (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 927-928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Epstein-Barr-Virus Antibodies Sarcoidosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sera from 47 patients with sarcoidosis were examined for antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus, 63.8% of sarcoidosis patients were positive, against 74% of the clinical and 36% of the normal controls. The incidence of moderately elevated EBV-antibody titers in sarcoidosis patients was significantly (p〈0.05) different from that in the controls. No significance, however, was found between sarcoidosis patients and clinical controls. It is concluded that the EB-virus does not play a major etiologic role in sarcoidosis. The slightly elevated EBV-antibody titers in sarcoidosis may rather be due to an increased humoral activity to certain antigens as described previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01487924
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intralymphatic interleukin-2 treatment of a hemophiliac AIDS patient with defective interleukin-2 production (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 380-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Interleukin-2 ; Intralymphatic treatment ; AIDS ; Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ; Immune response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To improve immune functions in an interleukin-2 (IL-2) deficient hemophiliac AIDS patient suffering from severePneumocystis carinii pneumonia, treatment with IL-2 was started in addition to standard antimicrobioal therapy. Highly purified IL-2 was administered subcutaneously and then repeatedly intralymphatically in a manner similar to pedal lymphography. No toxicity was observed. The patient temporarily improved clinically as well as with regard to immunological functions. Particularly the in vitro response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) could partly be restored, and skin tests revealed improved response to recall antigens. These findings indicate that IL-2 can be administered safely and effectively by the intralymphatic route and may — in addition to antibiotics — be of value in AIDS patients with severe opportunistic infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01745579
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nachweis von Acetylcholin-Rezeptor-Antikörpern im Serum von Myasthenia gravis Patienten unter Verwendung affinitätschromatographisch gereinigter humaner Acetylcholin-Rezeptor-Präparationen (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 875-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myasthenia gravis ; Acetylcholine receptor antibodies ; Radioimmunoassay ; Clinical correlation ; Myasthenia gravis ; Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Antikörper ; Radioimmunassay ; klinische Korrelation ; Antikörpertitration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Serum von 75 Patienten mit einer Myasthenia gravis wurden auf die Präsenz von Antikörpern gegen Azetylcholin-Rezeptoren getestet. Im Gegensatz zu vorangegangenen Experimenten wurde in den vorliegenden Untersuchungen anstelle eines Triton X-100 Skelettmuskelextraktes eine hochgereinigte Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Präparation in dem Radioimmunassay eingesetzt, die durch Affinitätschromatographie mit α-Naja-Toxin-Sepharose 4B erhalten wurde. Wenn die gereinigte und für den Radioimmunassay mit125J-Bungaro-Toxin-Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Präparation zum Nachweis von Serumantikörpern in einen Radioimmunassay eingesetzt wurde, fanden sich in 80% der getesteten Patienten-Seren Antikörper gegen Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Proteine. Im Gegensatz dazu war bei keinem der Kontrollpersonen ein positiver Antikörpernachweis zu finden. Trotz der Anwendung einer gereinigten Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Präparation konnte jedoch auch in den vorliegenden Untersuchungen keine klare Korrelation zwischen der Menge von Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Antikörpern im Serum und dem klinischen Stadium des Patienten aufgestellt werden. Die Erstellung individueller Antikörperbindungskurven zeigte verschiedene Reaktionsmuster, die einmal durch eine verschiedene Antikörperspezifität für unterschiedliche antigene Determinanten am Rezeptormolekül oder durch eine verschiedene Affinität des Azetylcholin-Rezeptor-Antikörpers erklärt werden kann.
    Notes: Summary Sera from 75 patients with Myasthenia gravis were tested for acetylcholine receptor antibodies using acetylcholine receptors from human skeletal muscle. From the crude Triton x-100 extract, which has so far been used for antibody tracing, a pure acetylcholine receptor preparation was obtained by affinity chromatography using α-Najatoxin-Sepharose 4B. When the purified125J-α-Bungarotoxin-acetylcholine receptor complex was applied in a radioimmunoassay 80% of the Myasthenia gravis patients had acetylcholine receptor antibodies in contrast to none of the tested control persons. Inspite of using a pure acetylcholine receptor preparation, no clear-cut correlation was found between the amount of serum acetylcholine receptor antibodies and the clinical stage of the disease. When individual antibody titration curves were established, different reaction patterns were observed indicating either different antibody specificities in regard to antigenic determinants on the receptor molecule or differences in the antibody affinity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01477026
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effektorfunktion akuter Leukämiezellen in „Spontanen“ (SCMC) und Antikörper abhängigen zellulären Zytotoxizitätstesten (ADCC) (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 953-962 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Spontaneous and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (SCMC, ADCC) ; Cell surface markers ; Acute leukemias ; Preleukemias ; Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy ; Spontane und Antikörper abhängige zelluläre Zytotoxizität (SCMC, ADCC) ; Zellmarker ; Akute Leukämien ; Präleukämien ; Angio-Immunoblastische Lymphadenopathien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Leukozyten von 13 unbehandelten akuten Leukämien, 3 Präleukämien, 3 angio-immunoblastischen Lymphadenopathien und einer infektiösen Mononukleose vermittelten gegen51Cr-markierte Targetzellen einer allogenen Melanomlinie (IGR3) signifikant weniger spontane (SCMC) und Antikörperabhängige zelluläre Zytotoxizität (ADCC) als Lymphozyten von 20 gesunden Kontrollpersonen. Während bei den Kontrollpersonen die höchsten SCMC-und ADCC-Werte mit der von Phagozyten gereinigten Lymphozytenfraktion FFF zu erzielen waren, gefolgt von der phagozytenhaltigen Fraktion F (‚Ficoll“) und defibriniertem Vollblut, verhielt es sich bei den akuten Leukosen umgekehrt. Hier fanden sich die höchsten zytotoxischen Aktivitäten im Vollblut, während die Zellfraktionen F und FFF niedrigere und im Gegensatz zu den Kontrollen meist diskordante SCMC- und ADCC-Werte aufwiesen. Vergleichweise hohe zytotoxische Aktivitäten fanden sich bei 2 Leukämiepatienten, die am Tage vor der Testung Bluttransfusionen erhalten hatten. Im Verlauf einer Erythroleukämie ging die chemotherapeutische Behandlung mit einem drastischen Abfall von SCMC- und ADCC-Aktivität einher. Andererseits hatte eine therapeutische Splenektomie bei einer Haarzell-Leukämie keinen Einfluß auf die zytotoxischen Aktivitäten. Bei den angio-immunoblastischen Lymphadenopathien fiel ein stark erhöhter Prozentsatz an EA-und EAC-Rosetten bildenden Zellen im Blut auf; parallel hierzu war ein ausgeprägter SCMC- und ADCC-Anstieg nach Elimination mononukleärer Phagozyten aus der Effektorpopulation zu registrieren.
    Notes: Summary Blood lymphocytes from 13 untreated acute leukemia patients, 3 pre-leukemias 3 immunoblastic lymphadenopathias and one infectious mononucleosis showed significantly lower spontaneous (SCMC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against51Cr-labeled allogeneic melanoma cells of the IGR3 cell line than effector lymphocytes from 20 age- and sex matched control persons. While control lymphocytes exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity after depletion of mononuclear phagocytes (Fraction FFF), followed by the “Ficoll” purified Fraction F and defibrinated whole blood, the reverse was true for acute leukemias: here, the highest cytotoxicity was found in whole blood followed by the lymphocyte fractions F and FFF. Comparatively high cytotoxicity was found with two leukemia patients who had received blood transfusions the day before testing. During the course of an acute erythroleukemia chemotherapy drastically reduced SCMC and ADCC activities. A therapeutical splenectomy, on the other hand, did not affect cellular cytotoxicity in the case of a hairy cell leukemia. The angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathies showed strikingly high percentages of EA- and EAC-rosettes forming cells and showed a marked increase of SCMC and ADCC activities after elimination of mononuclear phagocytes from the effector cell population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01480149
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunkomplexe bei Allergien: Nachweis von IgE-haltigen Immunkomplexen bei der Vaskulitis Churg-Strauss (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 563-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Allergy ; Vasculitis ; IgE-immune complexes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In five patients with vasculitis, hypereosinophilia and elevated serum-IgE levels, the diagnosis of Churg-Strauss syndrome was established. To identify a possible role of IgE in pathogenic mechanisms leading to vasculitis, a sequential precipitation of patients' sera was performed using various concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). Using a radioimmunosorbent test, the precipitates obtained were tested for their IgE contents. Considerable amounts of IgE were found in the serum precipitates of all patients. In parallel studies, no IgE-containing precipitates were detected in sera from patients with different allergic diseases and high IgE serum levels. The demonstration of IgE-containing PEG precipitable material in all patients suffering from Churg-Strauss syndrome, together with the finding of an elevated C3d and C4 level and a decreased C3 level in one patient and an increased C3d level in a second patient, suggests that IgE-containing immune complexes play a pathogenic role in the Churg-Strauss syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01735320
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphadenopathy and antibodies to HTLV-III in homosexual men (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 597-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Homosexual men ; Lymphadenopathy ; HTLV-III ; Epidemiological factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The study provides information on the epidemiology of HTLV-III infection and the lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAP) in 374 German homosexual men. Sexual contacts in the USA and rectal enemas before receptive anal intercourse are the main risk factors associated with virus transmission. HTLV-III seropositivity is significantly correlated with LAP. Prominent clinical signs are infreqquent. Immunological and haematological abnormalities are prevalent, and the retrovirus infection is frequently associated with serological markers of other viruses (hepatitis B, herpes group viruses). Lymphadenopathy as a manifestation of HTLV-III infection is discussed within the context of AIDS-related disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733012
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunologische und elektronenmikroskopische Befunde eines ungewöhnlichen Falles von M. Whipple (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 176-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Whipple's disease ; Electron microscopy ; Disturbed cellular immunology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whipple's disease is a curious disorder with the involvement of many organ systems, primarily gut, synovium and the central nervous system, characterized by the presence of numerous proliferating bacteria in tissue macrophages and other cell types. While clinically this disease entity has previously been defined by the classical triad of diarrhoea, malabsorption and weight loss, some patients do not show these features. In this report, a clinically unusual case of Whipple's disease is described presenting with high persistent fever, severe arthralgias and headaches, but without malabsorption, diarrhoea or weight loss. Nevertheless, the histological and electron microscopical pictures demonstrated the typical findings of intracellular micro-organisms along with the presence of bacteria in Schwann nerve cells, which has only once been described previously. Immunological findings before treatment demonstrated a decrease of T cells with the helper/inducer phenotype, and a concomitant rise in cells with the suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype, an elevation of “activated” Ia positive T cells and a significant reduction of T cell mitogenic responsiveness. Of special interest, after a successful treatment these immunological abnormalities shifted to normal with the exception of a still elevated number of Ia+ T cells. The discussion of this unusual case of Whipple's disease includes — besides possible cellular immunological abnormalities — genetic factors, especially since this patient was HLA-B-27-positive as was his son who is suffering from ankylosing spondylitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732172
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunologische Befunde bei homosexuellen Männern mit generalisierter Lymphadenopathie. Prodromalstadium des „Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes“? (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 1067-1073 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: AIDS ; T-lymphocyte ratio's ; Lymphocyte proliferation ; Lymphadenopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Peripheral blood of 6 homosexual men with lymphadenopathy associated with fever, weight loss and night sweat, 13 homosexuals with lymphadenopathy without further clinical symptoms, 13 healthy homosexuals and 20 healthy hetero-sexual blood donors was evaluated for different lymphocyte subpopulation, mitogen induced T-cell proliferation and Gamma-interferon production. In the six patients with lymphadenopathy lymphocyte subpopulations were also analysed in lymphnode-biopsies. Delate type hypersensitivity was established by skin test's using different recall antigens. Sera of all homosexual men were screened for immunoglobulin levels, complement activity, presence of immunocomplexes and autoantibodies. Most of the homosexuals with lymphadenopathy but without clinical symptoms and all patients with lymphadenopathy associated with clinical symptoms had a significantly decreased helper-(OKT 4) suppressor- (OKT 8) cell ratio. In contrast, the OKT 4/OKT 8 ratio was found to be normal in lymphocyte suspension from lymphnodebiopsy from the 6 patients with lymphadenopathy and clinical symptoms. Within the group of healthy homosexuals this ratio exhibited a rather large variation, in three of the tested persons the ratio was below 1. No functional abnormalities of T-cell immunity were observed in the homosexual men as compared to the control group, with the exception of a significantly increased LAG- and PWM-induced lymphocyte proliferation in the group of healthy homosexual men. Likewise no significant differences were obtained with regard to the further analysed immunological parameters. It is concluded that the obtained immunological results do not provide the possibility to define persons at immediate risk for the development of AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01496467
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogenität von Acetylcholinrezeptor-Antikörpern bei Myasthenia gravis Patienten (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 377-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myasthenia gravis ; Acetylcholine receptor antibody ; Antibody heterogeneity ; Cross-reactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antibodies against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in sera of 21 myasthenia gravis patients were checked for their ability to block or split binding of α-bungarotoxin to the human acetylcholine receptor. Affinity-purified acetylcholine receptors from human skeletal muscle were used in parallel in the common precipitation assay and an inhibition assay. Cross-reactivity of acetylcholine receptor antibodies was analyzed with receptor preparation from different species (calf, rat,Torpedo c. andElectrophorus e.), purified identically to high specific activity. An antibody pattern was set up for each patient and related to the clinical state of the disease. α-Bungarotoxin-inhibiting antibodies were demonstrable in 74% of myasthenia gravis patients, α-bgt displacing antibodies were found in 39% of the investigated sera. Broad cross-reactivity with acetylcholine receptors from other mammalian muscle was evident (calf 75%, rat 90%) only very few sera reacted with acetylcholine receptors from electric fish (Torpedo c. 14%,Electrophorus e. 38%). Antibody concentrations determined by using xenoantigens were much lower than those obtained by human acetylcholine receptor. The lack of a clear-cut correlation between the amount of serum antibodies and the clinical state of myasthenia gravis can be explained by the established antibody-heterogeneity, shown by a constant antibody pattern characteristic for each patient. However, between this specific antibody pattern and the state of the disease no correlation could be established either.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01716258
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verlaufsbeobachtungen bei HIV-infizierten homosexuellen Männern mit Lymphadenopathiesyndrom (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 864-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: AIDS ; Lymphadenopathy ; Prognostic factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 26 homosexual men with antibodies to HIV and generalized lymphadenopathy were examined between 1982 and 1984. Lymphadenopathy was accompanied by clinical symptoms such as fever, diarrhoea and weight loss (50%), moderate leukopenia (15%), lymphocytosis (50%), hypoergy to intraepidermal skin test with recall-antigens (12%), elevated serum levels of IgG (62%), IgA (23%), IgM (19%), beta-2-microglobulin (76%) and neopterin (69%), diminished absolute numbers of CD4-helper cells in the peripheral blood (24%) and an inversion of the ratio CD4-helper cells/CD8-suppressor cells both in blood (64%) and in lymphnodes (36%). Mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation was significantly lower and the serum levels of gamma-interferon were significantly higher than in healthy controls. Lymphnode biopsy revealed only nonspecific reactive hyperplasia with follicular hyperplasia in 54%, a mixed pattern of both follicular hyperplasia and follicular involution with paracortical expansion in 25% and follicular involution with paracortical expansion in 21%. 22 patients were followed longitudinally for a median time of 37 months (33–51 months). 10 patients (46%) developed fullblown AIDS within a median period of 35 months (24–46 months) after first examination and 43 months (36–77 months) after the anamnestic onset of the lymphadenopathy syndrome. The parameters distinguishing these patients from those without progression of disease were higher serum levels of gamma-interferon, higher relative and absolute numbers of CD8-suppressor cells in the peripheral blood, a reduced number of CD4-helper cells in the lymphnodes, and a lower CD4/CD8 ratio as well in the peripheral blood as in the lymphnodes. Despite of the significant differences, these parameters varied in a wide range. Therefore, we could not establish a symptom likely to predict the emergence of AIDS in an individual patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01737007
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