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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insecticidal organophosphates: Nature made them first (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 1235-1237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Organophosphates ; matural insecticides ; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors ; Streptomyces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Out of the three most important classes of synthetic insecticides only the carbamates and pyrethroids were known to have ancestors in nature. Now two organophosphates (which are quite good insecticides and very potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, e.g. comparable to carbofuran) have been isolated fromStreptomyces antibioticus strain DSM 1951.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01945541
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effektorfunktion akuter Leukämiezellen in „Spontanen“ (SCMC) und Antikörper abhängigen zellulären Zytotoxizitätstesten (ADCC) (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 953-962 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Spontaneous and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (SCMC, ADCC) ; Cell surface markers ; Acute leukemias ; Preleukemias ; Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy ; Spontane und Antikörper abhängige zelluläre Zytotoxizität (SCMC, ADCC) ; Zellmarker ; Akute Leukämien ; Präleukämien ; Angio-Immunoblastische Lymphadenopathien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Leukozyten von 13 unbehandelten akuten Leukämien, 3 Präleukämien, 3 angio-immunoblastischen Lymphadenopathien und einer infektiösen Mononukleose vermittelten gegen51Cr-markierte Targetzellen einer allogenen Melanomlinie (IGR3) signifikant weniger spontane (SCMC) und Antikörperabhängige zelluläre Zytotoxizität (ADCC) als Lymphozyten von 20 gesunden Kontrollpersonen. Während bei den Kontrollpersonen die höchsten SCMC-und ADCC-Werte mit der von Phagozyten gereinigten Lymphozytenfraktion FFF zu erzielen waren, gefolgt von der phagozytenhaltigen Fraktion F (‚Ficoll“) und defibriniertem Vollblut, verhielt es sich bei den akuten Leukosen umgekehrt. Hier fanden sich die höchsten zytotoxischen Aktivitäten im Vollblut, während die Zellfraktionen F und FFF niedrigere und im Gegensatz zu den Kontrollen meist diskordante SCMC- und ADCC-Werte aufwiesen. Vergleichweise hohe zytotoxische Aktivitäten fanden sich bei 2 Leukämiepatienten, die am Tage vor der Testung Bluttransfusionen erhalten hatten. Im Verlauf einer Erythroleukämie ging die chemotherapeutische Behandlung mit einem drastischen Abfall von SCMC- und ADCC-Aktivität einher. Andererseits hatte eine therapeutische Splenektomie bei einer Haarzell-Leukämie keinen Einfluß auf die zytotoxischen Aktivitäten. Bei den angio-immunoblastischen Lymphadenopathien fiel ein stark erhöhter Prozentsatz an EA-und EAC-Rosetten bildenden Zellen im Blut auf; parallel hierzu war ein ausgeprägter SCMC- und ADCC-Anstieg nach Elimination mononukleärer Phagozyten aus der Effektorpopulation zu registrieren.
    Notes: Summary Blood lymphocytes from 13 untreated acute leukemia patients, 3 pre-leukemias 3 immunoblastic lymphadenopathias and one infectious mononucleosis showed significantly lower spontaneous (SCMC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against51Cr-labeled allogeneic melanoma cells of the IGR3 cell line than effector lymphocytes from 20 age- and sex matched control persons. While control lymphocytes exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity after depletion of mononuclear phagocytes (Fraction FFF), followed by the “Ficoll” purified Fraction F and defibrinated whole blood, the reverse was true for acute leukemias: here, the highest cytotoxicity was found in whole blood followed by the lymphocyte fractions F and FFF. Comparatively high cytotoxicity was found with two leukemia patients who had received blood transfusions the day before testing. During the course of an acute erythroleukemia chemotherapy drastically reduced SCMC and ADCC activities. A therapeutical splenectomy, on the other hand, did not affect cellular cytotoxicity in the case of a hairy cell leukemia. The angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathies showed strikingly high percentages of EA- and EAC-rosettes forming cells and showed a marked increase of SCMC and ADCC activities after elimination of mononuclear phagocytes from the effector cell population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01480149
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of diarrhoea in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with immunoglobulins from bovine colostrum (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 588-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Diarrhoea ; Colostrum-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Cryptosporidiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diarrhoea and weight loss are found in more than 50% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In some patients the symptoms can be very severe, leading to death even in the absence of opportunistic infections. In 30% of these patients, enteric pathogens cannot be identified, and approximately only half of the identifiable aetiologic agents of diarrhoea in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were treatable with antibiotics. Immunoglobulins from bovine colostrum (Lactobin, Biotest, Dreieich, FRG) contain high titers of antibodies against a wide range of bacterial, viral and protozoal pathogens as well as against various bacterial toxins. Lactobin (LIG) is quite resistant to 24-h incubation with gastric juice. In a multi-center pilot study 37 immunodeficiency patients with chronic diarrhoea [29 HIV-infected patients, 2 patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), one unidentified immunodeficiency, five patients with graft versus host disease (GvHD) following bone marrow transplantation] were treated with oral LIG (10 g/day for 10 days). Good therapeutic effects were observed. Out of 31 treatment periods in 29 HIV-infected patients 21 gave good results leading to transient (10 days) or long-lasting (more than 4 weeks) normalisation of the stool frequency. The mean daily stool frequency decreased from 7.4 to 2.2 at the end of the treatment. Eight HIV-infected patients showed no response. The diarrhoea recurred in 12 patients within 4 weeks (32.4%), while 19 patients were free of diarrhoea for at least 4 weeks (51.3%). In 5 patients intestinal cryptosporidiosis disappeared following oral LIG treatment. LIG treatment was also beneficial in 4 out of 5 GvHD patients. No serious side effects were recorded in any of the treated patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184800
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Severe combined immunodeficiency: treatment by bone marrow transplantation in 15 infants using HLA-haploidentical donors (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 144 (1985), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Severe combined immunodeficiency ; Bone marrow transplantation ; HLA-haploidentical donors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 15 infants with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), immunological reconstitution was attempted by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA-haploidentical parents. To prevent graft versus host disease (GvHD), marrow grafts were depleted of contaminating T-lymphocytes using lectin agglutination and rosette formation with sheep red blood cells. Thirteen patients received transplants without undergoing prior cytoreductive conditioning. Eleven of these developed donor-dependent T-cell functions, two failed to do this. One of these two as well as two further patients received cytoreductive treatment prior to repeat and to first transplants and in two, complete lymphohemopoietic reconstitution was observed. Of the 15 patients who received transplants, 11 are currently alive. Two recently treated patients remain in the hospital, nine are at home with stable T-cell functions. Normal humoral immune functions have developed upto now in three patients. In the others, gammaglobulins are regularly substituted. Complications of acute or chronic GvHD were not observed with the exception of one case who developed transient GvHD of the skin. These results suggest that in a majority of patients with SCID, T-cell functions can develop without GvHD following haploidentical, T-cell-depleted BMT. Exceptional patients require preconditioning to allow donor cell engraftment, an approach that also appears to facilitate reconstitution of humoral immune functions
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00451897
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The DiGeorge syndrome (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 147 (1988), S. 496-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: DiGeorge syndrome ; Thymus ; Thymic aplasia ; Immunoglobulins ; Cellular immunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study describes clinical signs and symptoms in 16 patients with the DiGeorge syndrome (DGS). Diagnosed on the basis of typical facial stigmata, a broad spectrum of severity is seen with respect to congenital heart disease, hypoparathyroidism and immunologic parameters. A simple index of severity is introduced that clearly differentiates complete forms of the syndrome (cDGS) with poor prognosis from partial forms of the syndrome (pDGS). Of 13 pDGS patients, 12 are still living; 8 underwent corrective heart surgery without infectious complications. Moderate to severe mental retardation is seen in all pDGS patients. Due to the lack of thymus function, immunodeficiency is a result of cDGS, whereas immunoregulatory disturbances (hypergammaglobulinaemia, high titres of specific antibody production) prevail in pDGS patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441974
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The DiGeorge sequence (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1989), S. 96-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: DiGeorge sequence ; Thymus ; Thymic aplasia ; Immunoglobulins ; Cellular immunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present immunological in vitro data on a group of 16 patients with the DiGeorge sequence (DGS). Detailed tests gave evidence that the decrease in number and function of mature T-cells is closely correlated with phenotypic expression and represents a wide immunological spectrum ranging from normal function to severe combined immunodeficiency with B-cells. Careful immunological testing in DGS may help to plan therapeutic procedures (i. e. thymic factor therapy or bone marrow transplantation) may also have prognostic significance and help to gain insight into mechanisms operative in disturbances of T-cell regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01995856
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Orally Effective Iron Chelators (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 612 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb24322.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic Position of Psalteriomonas lanterna Deduced from the SSU rDNA Sequence (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 44 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence (SSU rDNA) of the microaerophilic free-living amoeboflagellate Psalteriomonas lanterna has been sequenced and analyzed. The gene is 1,945 bp long and has a G + C content of 33.4%. Based upon ultrastructural studies, P. lanterna has been placed in the class Lyromonadea within the phylum Percolozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1991. However, based upon cytological characteristics, this microaerophilic free-living amoeboflagellate appears to be very primitive. It shares certain characteristics in common with some archezoans, i.e. it lacks mitochondria and dictyosomes but contains hydrogenosomes. Despite sharing these characteristics with the amitochondriate taxa, P. lanterna is not related to any of these taxa but instead to the Vahlkampfiidae. Therefore, we used primary sequence data and the secondary structure of the SSU rDNA gene to determine the placement P. lanterna in the phylogenetic tree. Our analyses showed that P. lanterna groups as a sister taxon to the Vahlkampfiidae but probably diverged from them quite early.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1997.tb05725.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen Metabolizing Enzyme Activities In the Free-Living Soil Amoebae Acanthamoeba Castellanii, Acanthamoeba Polyphaga and Hartmannella Vermiformis (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 40 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Free-living soil amoebae consume a wide variety of food, including algae, yeast, small protozoa and especially bacteria, which they digest to fulfil their nutritional requirements. Amoebae play an active role in the nitrogen mineralization in soils due to their nitrogen metabolizing capacities. However, little is known about nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activities in these free-living soil amoebae. In this study a number of key enzymes involved in the nitrogen metabolism of the axeaically cultivated free-living soil amoebae Acanthamoeba castellanii, Acanthamoeba polyphaga and two different strains of Hartmannella vermiformis were determined. the specific enzyme activities for exponential growth phase ceils were calculated and it appeared that the species tested possessed urate oxidase, glutamine synthetase, NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity. Glutamate synthase activity could not be detected in any of these species. the levels of specific activities varied depending on the enzymes tested. For all species the highest activities were detected for the transaminase reactions yielding glutamate, and for glutamate dehydrogenase. A general conclusion is that the pathway of nitrogen assimilation in free-living soil amoebae is similar to the one observed for other eukaryotes. Differences in specific activities were detected between the species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04912.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological and Functional Characteristics of Peripheral Blood and Synovial Fluid Lymphocytes from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 7 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Spontaneous (SCMC) and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC); mitogenic responsiveness (PHA, Con A, PPD, dextran and pokeweed) as well as lymphocyte subpopulations (E-, EA-, EAC-rosettes, S-Ig) were studied simultaneously in peripheral blood (PBL) and synovial fluid lymphocytes (SFL) of fifteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Marked differences were observed in the cytotoxic activity of SFL and PBL. Whereas SCMC activity of SFL was always significantly elevated above the cytotoxic levels of PBL, the reverse was true for the ADCC reaction; here, 50% of the patients showed a decreased cytotoxicity of SFL compared to PBL. Synovial fluid neutrophils (SFN) were found to be inactive in both cytotoxic assays. No differences were found in ADCC activity of PBL between normal controls and RA patients. In SCMC assays a significantly increased activity of control PBL was only observed at L/T ratios of 100:1. Overnight incubation of PBL from RA patients and normal controls resulted in a marked decrease in SCMC and, to a smaller extent, in ADCC activity. SFL from three out of four patients lost less SCMC activity after overnight incubation than the corresponding PBL. In one patient even an increased activity in both cytotoxic systems was obtained. Regarding lymphocyte populations, T-cells were significantly decreased in PBL of RA patients. With the exception of a significantly lowered percentage of C3 receptor positive cells in SFL, no significant differences were recorded in the lymphocyte distribution between the patients' PBL and SFL. In the RA patients, the response to T-cell mitogens was significantly depressed in SFL while PPD and pokeweed reactivity was equal to that of PBL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1978.tb00471.x
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