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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft magnetic properties of nanocrystalline FeRuGaSi-Hf alloy films and head characteristics for the embedded thin film tape head : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5907-5909 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Hf-added FeRuGaSi alloy film has an amorphous structure in the as-deposited state and becomes nanocrystalline after annealing. Due to this structure change from crystalline to amorphous by the addition of Hf, soft magnetic degradation of the film deposited on the slant grooved substrate, which is necessary for the sophisticated embedded thin film (ETF) head structure, is greatly suppressed and the undesirable film stress is relieved. The FeRuGaSi-Hf alloy film has higher resistivity and permeability at high frequencies than those of sendust film, and the read/write characteristics of this alloy film show better performance than sendust film. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362168
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recording performance of the combination of magnetoresistive head and thin metal evaporated tape : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4527-4529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin metal evaporated (ME) tape with low remanence-thickness product (Mrδ), high coercivity (Hc) and low noise was designed to match a magnetoresistive (MR) head. This article focuses on the high density recording performance of a shielded MR head/thin ME tape media designed for use with an MR head. The PW50 measurement was adopted to certify that the depth of recording was restricted by magnetic layer thickness. Reduced second harmonic distortion at low density shows saturation-free operation of the MR head. Frequency domain measurements indicate drastically reduced ac erase noise level and higher output level at short wave length. High readback density (neglecting intertrack interference) of 1.07 Gbits/in2 with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) after equalization of 18.7 dB was attained for a FeNi (AMR) head and 1.29 Gbits/in.2 with SNR of 20.0 dB for a spin-valve (GMR) head. The performance of the MR head/thin ME tape system was compared to commercial ME tape and thin metal particulate tape in terms of noise characteristics, depth of recording, and SNR after equalization. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364941
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Junction properties of homoepitaxial diamond films grown by step–flow mode (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 6095-6099 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Homoepitaxial diamond films with atomically flat surface were reproducibly grown by step–flow mode under the condition of less than 0.1% CH4/H2. Using these diamond films, high-quality Schottky junctions between Al and high-conductivity layer near the surface of the films have been successfully made. At 400 K, the ideality factor and the barrier height of the Schottky junctions, which are defined by the conventional junction theory, estimated from the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics are about 1.1 and 1.5–1.6 eV, respectively. Under the condition of more than 0.1% CH4/H2, however, many unepitaxial crystallites (UC) and pyramidal hillocks (PH) are often formed on the surface of the films which are even mainly grown by the step–flow mode. The Schottky junction properties become worse with an increase in the density of UC and PH. In particular, the increase in the saturation current, which was obtained by extrapolating the straight line to V=0 in a plot of ln I against V, correlated with Schottky barrier height is more sensitive than that of the ideality factor to the density of UC and PH. It is concluded that diamond films grown by the step–flow mode without UC and PH is essential to obtain an ideal Schottky junction. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368922
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact energy values of "low-energy ion beams'' : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1218-1220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Ion beams with energies of several tens of electron volts are used for forming special films with excellent physical and chemical properties by ion-beam deposition. Although the ion energy values are considered very important for controlling physical and chemical characteristics of the deposited films, most reported values for such film formation have been considerably inaccurate since they have been given simply by multiplying the power supply voltages to the discharge chambers with electron charge e. In practice, the plasma potential at which ions are generated is several to several tens of volts higher than the discharge chamber, so that the real beam energy is that much higher. Although the excess energy originating from the plasma floating potential has been negligible for usual high-energy ion implantation, it cannot be neglected for ion-beam deposition where low-energy ion beams below 100 eV are used. In this article it is indicated that knowing electron temperatures of plasmas is necessary to get the exact energy values of low-energy ion beams. Thus, it is also clarified that ion energy spreads of usual ion beams may be caused by possible fluctuation of the electron temperatures as well as by thermal motion of ions in the plasma. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146737
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linearity of unshielded spin-valve sensors (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 523-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Linearity of the magnetoresistive (MR) transfer curve for an unshielded spin-valve (SV) sensor was studied. When the NiFe free layer thickness is greater than 5.0 nm, the anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) effect in it may overlap the giant magnetoresistive effect of the SV structure and deteriorate the linearity of the sensor response. By using a bilayer of NiFe/NiFeTa as the free layer for suppressing the AMR effect, superior linearity was obtained without a loss of the MR ratio. This new SV structure shows 5.0% as the MR ratio and −32.1 dB as second harmonic distortion, compared to −19.5 dB for a conventional one. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118313
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Azimuthal rotation of diamond crystals epitaxially nucleated on silicon {001} (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 1491-1492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Highly oriented diamond films with {001} facets were grown on Si{001} using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The tilt and rotation of the diamond crystals were measured by polar x-ray diffraction. The full widths at half-maximum of {004} and {220} diffraction peaks were 5° and 10°, respectively. It was found that the {220} diffraction poles split into two peaks by approximately 5°. This result indicated that there were two possible azimuthal rotations about the surface normal of the substrate for the epitaxially nucleated diamond grains. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116264
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surimi from Fillet Frames of Channel Catfish (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 61 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Surimi was prepared with channel catfish mince recovered from fillet frames. The deboned meat was washed once, twice, or three times with water for surimi processing. Unwashed mince was also blended with cryoprotectants for surimi processing. Heat-induced gels were prepared using washed or unwashed catfish surimi with or without starch. Results indicated no differences (P〉0.05) in textural properties and Hunter color values due to number of washes in those gels prepared with washed surimi. Differences (P〈0.05) in proximate composition, textural properties and Hunter color values were found between gels prepared with washed and unwashed surimi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb14209.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Safety evaluation of rechargeable cells with lithium metal anodes and amorphous V2O5 cathodes (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 28 (1997), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: lithium metal anode ; rechargeable cell ; safety ; organic electrolyte ; vanadium oxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Rechargeable cells with lithium metal anodes have a very large theoretical energy density and are a promising cell system. However, rechargeable lithium metal cells are not yet currently commercially available. One of the biggest problems with the cells is the poor safety aspect resulting from the high chemical reactivity of lithium. We have been studying a cell system consisting of an amorphous (a-)V2O5P2O5 (95:5 in molar ratio) cathode, a lithium (Li) metal anode and an organic electrolyte in fabricating an AA-size prototype. In this paper, we report recent progress on our rechargeable lithium metal cell focusing on its safety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003270406759
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ternary and quaternary mixed electrolytes for lithium cells (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 35-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: lithium ; rechargeable battery ; organic electrolyte ; ethylene carbonate ; propylene carbonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports the influence of composition of mixed solvent electrolyte composition on the discharge capacity and charge–discharge cycle life of lithium metal/amorphous V2O5–P2O5 (95:5 in molar ratio) cells. The solvents used were ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2MeTHF) and THF. LiAsF6 was used as the solute. The electrolyte solutions examined here contain ternary and quaternary mixed systems. The purpose of this work is to obtain an electrolyte solution which realizes a higher rate capability and/or a longer cycle life than the previously studied EC:PC:2MeTHF (15:70:15) ternary mixed system. Of the electrolyte systems examined here, the EC:PC:2MeTHF (30:40:30 in volume) ternary mixed solvent system showed the best cell performance. In addition, a heating test was carried out on an AA- size lithium cell with EC:PC:2MeTHF (30:40:30) as a fundamental abuse test to ensure cell safety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003450229137
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cycling performance and safety of rechargeable lithium cells with binary and ternary mixed solvent electrolytes (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 789-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran ; cell safety ; ethylene carbonate ; lithium cell ; organic electrolyte ; propylene carbonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of electrolyte composition on the cycling performance and safety of AA rechargeable cells with a lithium metal anode, and an amorphous (a-) V2O5-P2O5 cathode was examined. The cells were cycled at a discharge current of 1000 mA and a charging current of 200 mA. The electrolytes were composed of ethylene carbonate (EC)/2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2MeTHF) binary and EC/propylene carbonate (PC)/2MeTHF ternary mixed solvents containing 40–70 vol% 2MeTHF to provide higher conductivity. The solute was 1.5mol dm−3 LiAsF6. The cycle life of the AA cells was evaluated by setting the end of cycle life at the cycle number where the discharge capacity fell to 50% of its maximum value. Cells with EC/2MeTHF (50:50) exhibited the longest cycle life among all the electrolytes examined here. Cells with EC/PC/2MeTHF (15:45:40) had the longest cycle life among the ternary mixed solvents systems. Fundamental abuse tests were also carried out on AA cells, which were cycled twice (fresh cells), cycled 100 times and cycled until the end of their cycle life. Neither the fresh nor the cycled cells with EC/PC/2MeTHF (15:45:40 ) smoked nor ignited in a 150 °C heating test or in an external short circuit test. However, the fresh cell with EC/2MeTHF (50:50) ignited in the 150 °C heating test. Summarizing the cycling and the abuse test results, the EC/PC/2MeTHF (15:45:40) ternary mixed systems exhibited the best performance. However, in terms of practical use, cell safety still requires further improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003563501005
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