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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of [U-13C5]Glutamine in Cultured Astrocytes Studied by NMR Spectroscopy: First Evidence of Astrocytic Pyruvate Recycling (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Metabolism of [U-13C5]glutamine was studied in primary cultures of cerebral cortical astrocytes in the presence or absence of extracellular glutamate. Perchloric acid extracts of the cells as well as redissolved lyophilized media were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry to identify 13C-labeled metabolites. Label from glutamine was found in glutamate and to a lesser extent in lactate and alanine. In the presence of unlabeled glutamate, label was also observed in aspartate. It could be clearly demonstrated that some [U-13C5]glutamine is metabolized through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, although to a much smaller extent than previously shown for [U-13C5]glutamate. Lactate formation from tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates has previously been demonstrated. It has, however, not been demonstrated that pyruvate, formed from glutamate or glutamine, may reenter the tricarboxylic acid cycle after conversion to acetyl-CoA. The present work demonstrates that this pathway is active, because [4,5-13C2]glutamate was observed in astrocytes incubated with [U-13C5]glutamine in the additional presence of unlabeled glutamate. Furthermore, using mass spectrometry, mono-labeled alanine, glutamate, and glutamine were detected. This isotopomer could be derived via the action of pyruvate carboxylase using 13CO2 produced within the mitochondria or from labeled intermediates that had stayed in the tricarboxylic acid cycle for more than one turn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67062566.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and Neurotoxicological Effects of L-2-Chloropropionic Acid on Rodent Brain (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 73 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: L-2-Chloropropionic acid (L-CPA) is selectively toxic to cerebellar granule cells; necrosis is first observed in rats 36 h after L-CPA administration (750 mg/kg p.o.) and becomes marked by 48 h. L-CPA has also been shown to activate the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex in fasted adult rats, resulting in reduced blood glucose and lactate levels. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical and neurotoxicological effects of L-CPA on the brain. Extracts, prepared from guinea-pig cerebellar and cerebral cortex slices incubated in the presence of L-CPA, were analysed using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and amino acid analysis. Glucose metabolism was studied by monitoring the metabolism of [1-13C]glucose using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Increased glucose metabolism and decreases in the pool sizes of lactate and alanine were observed in both tissues, demonstrating activation of the PDH complex. Extracts were also prepared from the forebrain and cerebellum of animals that had been treated in vivo with L-CPA and analysed as described for the in vitro studies. Similar evidence for PDH activation was demonstrated at 2 and 24 h after dosing in both tissues. At 48 h after dosing, when signs of toxicity are observed, an increase in the lactate concentration and a decrease in N-acetylaspartate in the cerebellum but not in the forebrain confirmed the selective neurotoxic action of L-CPA. These results suggest that activation of the PDH complex does not directly lead to the delayed selective neurotoxicity of L-CPA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730362.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of annexin II tetramer by tyrosine phosphorylation (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 14527-14534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00044a031
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of the emission characteristics of magnetized surface-wave plasmas on the azimuthal configuration of the wave field (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 4211-4218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A 1D plasma-wave model initially developed for describing a plasma sustained by a surface wave in the azimuthally symmetric configuration (m=0) was modified for simulating surface waves in the dipolar mode (m=1). Using this model, it is shown that the maintenance limit for unmagnetized plasmas in the symmetric mode, which, as was previously determined, requires that the product of the wave frequency and the plasma radius be smaller than 2 GHz cm, is no longer valid for magnetized plasmas. Comparison of calculated and measured radial distributions of argon atoms in a radiative excited state shows that changes observed in this distribution when varying some of the operating conditions can be explained by a switching of the discharge from one mode to the other. Conditions for selection of the mode are derived from considerations on wave propagation and power dissipation along the plasma column. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366224
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Do routine antibiotics after loop diathermy excision reduce morbidity? (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 105 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To evaluate whether routinely giving an antibiotic after loop diathermy excision of the cervical transformation zone reduced post-operative vaginal loss.Design Prospective, randomised, double-blind placebo controlled parallel study.Participants Five hundred women undergoing loop diathermy excision in a colposcopy clinic.Intervention Administration of either ofloxacin 400 mg (2 × 200 mg) once daily for 5 days or an identical placebo.Main outcome measure Vaginal loss, assessed using a pictorial chart.Results No significant difference in post-operative vaginal loss was found.Conclusion Routine antibiotic prophylaxis after loop diathermy excision is not justified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10268.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perioperative collapse: prevalence of latex allergy in patients sensitive to anaesthetic agents (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 36 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The evidence in the literature suggests that the prevalence of latex allergy in the general population is approximately 1%. With increasing awareness of transmission of HIV and other infections such as hepatitis B. the use of latex gloves and condoms has escalated in recent years. As cheaper latex gloves of variable and doubtful quality flood the market, health care workers and patients are being increasingly sensitized by these latex products, A retrospective study investigated the prevalence of latex allergy in a cohort of 26 patients who suffered perioperative anaphylactoid reactions. 84% of these patients were hypersensitive to at least 1 anaesthetic-related agent. 7.7% were also allergic to latex (p= 0.028). Atopy is a strong predisposing factor (p= 0.006)). An accurate preoperative history of atopy and past reactions to latex will identify most at-risk patient. Prick test and RAST to latex will confirm the latex allergy. Anaesthetists, surgeons, allergists and other health practitioner should be aware of this problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00922.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aspirin-induced post-gingivectomy haemorrhage: a timely reminder (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case report is described of significant aspirin-induced haemorrhage following a gingivectory procedure in an organ transplant patient. Aspirin-induced platelet impairment secondary to low-dose aspirin was implicated as the cause of the haemorrhage. Haemostasis was eventually achieved after platelet transfusion. The case illustrates the problems that can arise when carrying out gingival surgery on patients medicated with low-dose aspirin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00480.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Group Rights and Group Oppression (1999)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    The @journal of political philosophy 7 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9760
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Philosophy , Political Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9760.00081
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is the provision of information leaflets before colposcopy beneficial? A prospective randomised study (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 106 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To assess the usefulness of a leaflet distributed to women before colposcopy designed to reduce their anxiety and psychosexual by providing information.Design Prospective randomised study.Setting Colposcopy clinic of a large district general hospital.Sample Two hundred consecutive women undergoing colposcopy for the first time for a cervical cytological abnormality of severity no greater than moderate dyskaryosis.Methods Women were randomised into one of two groups (leaflet or control). Those in the leaflet group were sent an information leaflet prior to attending the clinic. In the colposcopy clinic all the women completed a Statenrait Anxiety Inventory (StAVTrAI) and a modified psychosexual questionnaire before undergoing colposcopy. This was repeated at the six-month follow up visit. Women in the leaflet group also completed a further questionnaire on the leaflet.Main outcome measures Differences of anxiety and psychosexual scores between leaflet and control groups.Results The leaflet was well received. There were no statistical differences in StAI and TrAI scores between the study group and the control group at either visit, although in the whole study population StAI and TrAI scores were reduced at the second visit. The leaflet group had significantly more psychosexual problems but by the second visit, the scores had improved and the two groups were similar. When the mean differences in anxiety and psychosexual scores at the initial and second visits were compared between the groups, the reduction in negative sexual feelings and deterioration of TrAI scores experienced by the leaflet group was significant.Conclusions This study suggests that the provision of sending an information leaflet prior to colposcopy is not beneficial in isolation. Other approaches need to be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08319.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomised trial comparing the upright and supine positions for the second stage of labour (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 104 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To assess the maternal and neonatal effects of upright compared with recumbent positions during delivery, in terms of defined outcome variables.Design A randomised controlled trial.Setting St Monica's Nursing Home, a midwife based maternity unit in Cape Town, South Africa.Participants Five hundred and seventeen women of low obstetrical risk assigned to deliver at the nursing home.Results The trial showed that women who adopted the upright posture for delivery experienced less pain, perineal trauma and fewer episiotomies than those who delivered in the supine position.Conclusion The data suggest that in women of low obstetrical risk, choice of posture during delivery may be encouraged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11534.x
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