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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the DNA Octanucleotide d(ACGTACGT)2 (1996)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: d(ACGTACGT), C78H84N30O32P7.20H2O, Mr (DNA) = 2170, tetragonal, P43212 (No 96), a = 42.845 (1), b = 42.845(1), c = 24.804 (1) Å, V = 45532.5 (2) Å3, z = 8,λ(MoKα) = 0.71069 Å,µ(MoKα) = 0.10 mm−1, T = 295 K, R = 0.18 for 1994 unique reflections between 5.0 and 1.9 Å resolution. The self-complementary octanucleotide d(ACGTACGT)2 has been crystallized and its structure determined to a resolution of 1.9 Å. The asymmetric unit consists of a single strand of octamer with 20 water molecules. It is only the second example of an octanucleotide having terminal A·T base pairs whose structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The sequence adopts the modified A-type conformation found for all octanucleotide duplexes studied to date with the helix bent by approximately 15° and an average tilt angle of 0°. Unusually the data collection was carried out using a 3 kW molybdenum sealed-tube source. The conformational details are discussed in comparison with other closely related sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444995016052
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some biochemical properties and antibiotic sensitivities of Pasteurella piscidda isolated in Greece and comparison with strains from Japan, France and Italy (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The biochemical properties and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of 13 Pasteurella piscicida isolates from Greece are described and compared with 10 Japanese and five European (Italian and French) isolates. Morphologically and biochemically, all isolates of P. piscidda tested were nearly identical and only minor differences could be detected with reference to the level of acid production from sugars (especially from glucose). Greek, Italian and French isolates showed similar antibiotic sensitivity patterns, being resistant to erythromycin, kanamycin and streptomycin, and sensitive to most of the other antibiotics tested. Resistance was also demonstrated for some isolates towards the potentiated sulphonamides. The Japanese isolates appeared to be resistant to a larger range of antibiotics including erythromycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol. Multiple resistance of Japanese strains was also noted. These results are discussed in the light of future measures for the control of pasteurellosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1995.tb01260.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against Pasteurella piscicida, the causative agent of fish pasteurellosis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) produced against Pasteurella piscicida whole cells, cultured under iron limitation conditions, were characterized and specificity tested. Two of the mabs (WE15H1D7 and WE3D6C11) appeared to be specific for P. piscicida lipopolysaccharide, while mabs WE14C10F9 and WE12D7D8 crossreacted with Photobacterium species. The remaining two mabs, WE9D6D8 and VP4B11, crossreacted with other bacterial genera. All mabs reacted with material present in the extracellular products of the pathogen as well as to whole cells, suggesting that the antigens to which antibodies are directed slough off the cell membranes or are secreted to the culture medium. The potential of the mabs as tools for the diagnosis of pasteurellosis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1997.00298.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of iron limitation growth conditions on the cell and extracellular components of the fish pathogen Pasteurella piscicida (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of iron limitation, using the iron-chelating agent 2,2 dipyridyl, on the electrophoretic profiles of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and extracellular products (ECPs) from 21 Pasteurella piscicida strains isolated from Europe and Japan was investigated. In addition, the effect of iron-limited and iron-surplus growth conditions on caseinase activity in culture supernatants of the pathogen was examined. The majority of P. piscicida strains, from Greece, Italy and France, cultured under iron-limited conditions, produced four novel OMPs (63 and three at and above 200 kDa). In contrast, iron-regulated outer membrane proteins were not induced in Japanese strains. Electrophoretic analysis of the ECPs from the pathogen grown under iron surplus and iron limitation revealed a large range of products and additional high molecular mass (MM) bands were evident under iron-limited conditions. When culture supernatants were analysed for their activity, most of the bacteria tested showed elevated activities under iron limited conditions. Finally, neither hydroxamate nor phenolate type siderophores could be detected with any of the chemical assays used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1997.00299.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ hybridization of DNA probes to PKX, the causative organism of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00147.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the antigenicity of the extracellular products and whole-cell sonicates from Mycobacterium spp. in rabbits, mice and fish by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The antigenicity of extracellular products (ECPs) derived from Mycobacterium spp. isolated from snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch), and Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens (Regan), were examined by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera collected from immunized rabbits, mice and fish (rainbow trout). All three species responded to a 65-kDa protein present in both the ECPs and whole cell sonicates (WCSs) from a variety of Mycobacterium spp. Cross-reactivity of anti-M. tuberculosis and anti-human heat-shock protein monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and the presence of fibronectin binding proteins secreted into ECPs of mycobacteria were also examined. The MAbs against human 60-kDa heat-shock protein cross- reacted with the band at 65 kDa in the ECPs of TB1 (isolated from snakehead fish) and the type strain M. marinum, while the anti-M. tuberculosis MAb F29–47 elicited a strong reaction with a band at 21 kDa with most of the ECPs from mycobacterial strains examined. The major fibronectin-binding proteins were located between 21 and 25 kDa. The 65-kDa protein from ECPs of Mycobacterium spp. proved strongly immunogenic to rabbits, mice and fish. Rabbit antiserum against the 65-kDa protein from strain TB267 reacted with many non-Mycobacterium WCSs, and therefore, the 65-kDa protein from Mycobacterium spp. is believed to be a common protein found in many fish bacterial pathogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1997.00322.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular products from Mycobacterium spp. in fish (1997)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mycobacterium spp. isolated from food and ornamental fish in Thailand (TB1, TB40, TB267 and TB268), and the type strains Mycobacterium marinum (NCIMB 1298), M. fortuitum (NCIMB 1294) and M. chelonae (NCIMB 1474) were cultured in Long’s medium, Eagle’s minimum essential medium, Sauton’s medium and modified Sauton’s medium. The latter enabled excellent growth and production of extracellular products (ECP) from TB 40, TB267, TB268 and M. marinum NCIMB 1298 in particular, whereas growth and production of ECP for all strains was limited in Long’s medium. SDS-PAGE protein profiles of ECPs from 14-day culture supernatants showed major bands at 65 and 〈14 kDa. After 2 days culture at the higher temperature of 37°C (heat shock), the production of ECP from all mycobacteria strains except M. marinum averaged approximately four- to 10-fold higher than from strains cultured for 14 days at 28°C. Enzyme testing for the type strains indicated only mucinase activity for M. marinum, while lipase and RNase activities were detected for M. chelonae and M. fortuitum. Protease and DNase activities could not be detected for any of the Mycobacterium spp. tested. The medium lethal dose (LD50) of ECP to rainbow trout and Nile tilapia was greater than 400 μg protein fish–1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1997.d01-102.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lectin histochemical studies on Sphaerospora sp. (Myxosporea) from Italian brown trout, Salmo trutta L. (1997)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A Sphaerospora sp. (Myxosporea) infection (presumably S. truttae) was identified on a trout farm in northeastern Italy. Parasites were detected in kidneys from infected brown trout, Salmo trutta L., over a 2-year period. Extrasporogonic, sporogonic stages and mature spores were simultaneously detected in the same fish. Traditional diagnostic methods for Sphaerospora spp. rely on the detection of the myxosporean developmental stages in Giemsa-stained kidney smears or haematoxylin-eosin stained tissue sections. A histochemical method was employed where 10 biotinylated lectins (Con-A, DBA, SBA, GS-I, PHA-P, LEA, PWM, RCA1, WGA and UEA-I) and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) were used on Sphaerospora-infected brown trout renal tissues and kidney imprints. Five monoclonal antibodies against PKX (Mab12, MabA3, MabC5, MabD4 and MabB4) were also tested. A lectin glycoconjugate binding pattern for Sphaerospora spp. is presented. This staining method shows that SBA lectin (Glycine max agglutinin) is a useful tool for the detection of the Sphaerospora spp. Only MabB4 bound some of the most mature sporogonic stages. In contrast Mabs12, A3, C5 and D4, and GS-I lectin (Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin) did not stain any of the Sphaerospora spp. stages, but did bind very specifically to the sporogonic and extrasporogonic stages of PKX, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease (PKD).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1997.d01-105.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact ionization in GaAs: Distribution of final electron states determined from hydrostatic pressure measurements (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3304-3306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the avalanche breakdown voltage (Vb) in GaAs p-i-n diodes as a function of hydrostatic pressure up to 14 kbar. The pressure coefficient of Vb was small and opposite in sign compared to that of the band gap. A lucky-drift calculation of Vb including the effects of pressure on both the phonon scattering and ionization rates showed that the ionization threshold energy does not scale with the band gap. Instead, the effective threshold scales with an average of the energies of the Γ, X, and L conduction-band minima. This is direct evidence that pair production yields final electron states distributed between conduction-band valleys. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115228
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tailoring the heavy-hole and light-hole quantum-confined Stark effect using multistrain-stepped quantum wells (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2904-2906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show theoretically how the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) shifts of the E1–HH1 and E1–LH1 energy transitions can be engineered to be closely matched over the entire range of applied fields up to ±100 kV/cm using structures containing more than one strained-layer composition within each well. In contrast, conventional quantum wells that contain a single uniform composition within each well can at best have the energy levels for the HH1 and LH1 states matched at only one field value. Furthermore, we show how the TE and TM absorption spectra are modified using multistrain-stepped structures leading to improved polarization-insensitive QCSE modulators. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114837
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