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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 3871-3872 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion Cette étude a montré la communication possible des liquides entre les régions paravertébrales thoracique et lombaire à travers le fascia endothoracique. Les observations de Lönnqvist à propos de la limite caudale de l'anesthésie paravertébrale thoracique semble pouvoir être remises en cause bien que n'ayons pas examiné de cadavre d'enfant [11]. Il y a des malentendus en ce qui concerne la diffusion du liquide dans le fascia endothoracique. Leur correction est importante pour l'application clinique ultérieure de l'anesthésie paravertébrale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Lumbar plexus ; Intercostal nerves ; Anesthesia regional ; Paravertebral block
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'injection d'un anesthésique local dans la région paravertébrales entraîne une analgésie unilatérale localisée (bloc paravertébral). On pouvait se demander si l'anesthésique local diffusait du niveau thoracique au niveau lombaire de la région paravertébrale. Le but de cette étude était de définir comment le liquide anesthésique gagnait la région paravertébrale lombaire, s'il le faisait. 12 cadavres ont été utilisés dans cette étude. 15 mm de colorant rouge ont été injectés dans la région paravertébrale des cadavres au niveau de la 11ème vertèbre thoracique. Les viscères ont ensuite été enlevés pour permettre l'examen de la diffusion du colorant. Le colorant diffusait dans le fascia endothoracique en arrière de la plèvre pariétale, puis vers le bas à l'intérieur du fascia, principalement le long des nerfs splanchniques. A la face supérieure du diaphragme, il diffusait latéralement dans le fascia, et pénétrait dans la cavité abdominale au-dessous des ligaments arqués médial et latéral. Dans la cavité abdominale, le colorant diffusait largement dans le fascia transversalis de telle sorte qu'il atteignait les nerfs subcostal, ilio-hypogastrique, ilio-inguinal, génito-fémoral, cutané latéral de la cuisse, et fémoral. Nous en avons conclu que le colorant pouvait passer de la région paravertébrale thoracique dans la cavité abdominale au-dessous des ligaments arqués médial et latéral. Cette étude montre la communication possible des liquides entre les régions paravertébrales thoracique et lombaire, et corrobore nos observations cliniques préalables. Le résultat en est important pour l'utilisation clinique ultérieure des blocs paravertébraux.
    Notes: Summary An injection of a local anesthetics in the paravertebral region produces an analgesic field on the same side of the body, a paravertebral block. One point in question about this block is whether the local anesthetic spreads from the thoracic to the lumbar level of the paravertebral region. The purpose of this study was to find how the anesthetic fluid traveled to the lumbar paravertebral region, if at all. Twelve cadavers were used in this study. 15 ml of crimson dye was injected into the paravertebral region at the 11th thoracic level. The viscerae were removed so that we could examine the dye spread. While the crimson dye spread in the endothoracic fascia posterior to the parietal pleura, it also spread downward in the fascia mostly along the splanchnic nerves. At the upper surface of the diaphragm the dye spread laterally in the fascia, and entered the abdominal cavity through the medial and lateral arcuate ligaments. In the abdominal cavity, the dye was found to have spread so widely in the transversalis fascia that the subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous and femoral nerves were involved. We concluded that the dye in the thoracic paravertebral region can enter the abdominal cavity through the medial and lateral arcuate ligaments. This study explained possible fluid communication between the thoracic and lumbar paravertebral regions and confirmed our former clinical observations. The result is important for the future clinical application of paravertebral anesthesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Anterior cervical fusion ; Cervical collar ; Cervical radicular pain ; Muscle strength ; Physiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This prospective, randomised study compares the efficacy of surgery, physiotherapy and cervical collar with respect to pain, motor weakness and sensory loss in 81 patients with long-lasting cervical radiculopathy corresponding to a nerve root that was significantly compressed by spondylotic encroachment, with or without an additional bulging disk, as verified by MRI or CT-myelography. Pain intensity was registered on a visual analogue scale (VAS), muscle strength was measured by a hand-held dynamometer, Vigorometer and pinchometer. Sensory loss and paraesthesia were recorded. The measurements were performed before treatment (control 1), 4 months after the start of treatment (control 2) and after a further 12 months (control 3). A healthy control group was used for comparison and to test the reliability of the muscle-strength measurements. The study found that before start of treatment the groups were uniform with respect to pain, motor weakness and sensory loss. At control 2 the surgery group reported less pain, less sensory loss and had better muscle strength, measured as the ratio of the affected side to the non-affected side, compared to the two conservative treatment groups. After a further year (control 3), there were no differences in pain intensity, sensory loss or paraesthesia between the groups. An improvement in muscle strengths, measured as the ratio of the affected to the non-affected side, was seen in the surgery group compared to the physiotherapy group in wrist extension, elbow extension, shoulder abduction and internal rotation, but there were no differences in the ratios between the collar group and the other treatment groups. With respect to absolute muscle strength of the affected sides, there were no differences at control 1. At control 2, the surgery group performed somewhat better than the two other groups but at control 3 there were no differences between the groups. We conclude that pain intensity, muscle weakness and sensory loss can be expected to improve within a few months after surgery, while slow improvement with conservative treatments and recurrent symptoms in the surgery group make the 1-year results about equal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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