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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute renal failure associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in children (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 10 (1996), S. 582-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ; Acute renal failure ; Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis ; Untreated water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report 45 pediatric cases of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection confirmed by stool culture between May 1993 and June 1994. In 41 (91.1%) cases there had been contact with untreated well or mountain water. Y. pseudotuberculosis was also isolated from 4 samples of mountain spring water thought to be the sources of infection. During the course of the illness, acute renal failure (ARF) developed in 6 patients (13.6%). The age distribution of the ARF group (12.3±1.2 years) was significantly different from the non-ARF group (8.0±3.2 years). The serogroups of Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates from stool samples were 5 (n = 30) and 4 (n = 15). Isolates from the water samples were all serogroup 5. The main symptoms of both groups were fever, rash, abdominal pain, and vomiting. ARF developed between the 2nd and 14th days (mean 6 days) after the onset of fever, and oliguria (〈400 ml/m2 per day) developed in 3 patients (3/6, 50%) immediately after their fevers had subsided. ARF underwent a benign course, with complete recovery within a maximum of 4 weeks (mean 10.2 days), with 1 exceptional patient requiring hemodialysis. Renal biopsy showed evidence of tubulointerstitial nephritis. Y. pseudotuberculosis should be included as one of the causes of acute interstitial nephritis causing ARF in children, especially when the children have histories of drinking untreated water in endemic areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050165
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks composed of β-chitin and poly(ethylene glycol) macromer (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 2285-2287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Semi-IPNs ; β-chitin ; hydrogel ; wet strength ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080331324
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Swelling of thermosensitive interpenetrating polymer networks composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(acrylic acid) (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 697-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The swelling behavior of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in water was studied. The PVA/PAA IPN gels were prepared by four synthetic methods. The swelling behaviors of these IPNs made by different methods were compared. The differences in swelling behaviors of samples are discussed on the basis of their structural and physical differences. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and swelling characteristics of pH and thermoresponsive interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(acrylic acid) (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 301-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The swelling behavior of novel pH- and temperature-sensitive interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) in water was investigated. The PVA/PAAc IPN hydrogels were synthesized by UV irradiation, followed by a repetitive freezing and thawing process by which PVA hydrogel networks were formed inside of cross-linked PAAc chains. The swelling behaviors of these IPNs were analyzed in buffer solution at various pH and temperature ranges. Swelling ratios of all IPNs were relatively high, and they showed reasonable sensitivity to both pH and temperature. Hydrogels showed both the positive and negative swelling behaviors depending on PAAc content. IPN46 showed the positive temperature-sensitive swelling behaviors and its stepwise changes in swelling ratio was about 1.8 and 2.0 obtained between 25 and 45°C at pH 7, and between pH 4 and 7 at 35°C, respectively. The positive temperature dependence is attributed to the formation and dissociation of hydrogen bonding complexes between PVA and PAAc. These IPNs are expected to show a pH- and temperature-sensitive drug release according to the stepwise behavior at this temperature region. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetracycline release from bioerodible hydrogels based on semiinterpenetrating polymer networks composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(ethylene glycol) macromer in vitro (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 161-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromers terminated with acrylate groups and semiinter-penetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and PEG macromer were synthesized and characterized with the aim of obtaining a bioerodible hydrogel that could be used to release tetracycline HCl for local antibiotic therapy administered peroperatively. Polymerization of PEG macromer resulted in the formation of crosslinked gels due to the multifunctionality of macromer. Noncrosslinked PCL chains were interpenetrated into the crosslinked three-dimensional networks of PEG. Glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) of PCL in the SIPNs were inner shifted, indicating interpenetration of PCL and PEG chains. It was found that water content increased with increasing PEG weight fraction due to the hydrophilicity of PEG. Drug release can be controlled by weight fraction of PEG in the PCL/PEG SIPNs, concentration of PEG macromer in the SIPNs preparation, and the nature of PEG. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced CEA production associated with aspirin in a culture of CW-2 cells on some polymeric films (1999)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 31 (1999), S. 233-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: cell culture ; carcinoembryonic antigen ; aspirin ; enhanced production ; Langmuir-Blodgett film
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Human colorectal adenocarcinoma tumor (CW2) cells were cultivated in RPMI 1640 media containing 0–7.5 mM aspirin and 10% fetal bovine serum for the production of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). By adding aspirin to the media, the production of CEA per cell increased by up to one hundred fold compared to cultivation in normal media containing no aspirin, even though the total cell concentration decreased with the increase in aspirin in the media. The production of CEA was also investigated for CW2 cells cultured on silk fibroin, poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) and poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate)/poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer films prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett and casting methods. The highest production of CEA per cell was observed for the CW2 cells on poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) and its diblock copolymer films prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett method in the medium containing 5 mM aspirin after 168 hr of inoculation. This originates from the fact that the cell density on the films in the medium containing 5 mM aspirin was the lowest under these conditions. It is suggested that CW2 cells produce CEA more effectively when the cell growth is suppressed by addition of toxic chemicals such as aspirin or by culture on unfavorable films for cell growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008030730814
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difference in adhesion and proliferation of fibroblast between Langmuir-Blodgett films and cast surfaces of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate)/poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 32 (1996), S. 425-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Block copolymers consisting of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate) and poly(ethylene oxide) as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, respectively were prepared. Cell attachment onto the surfaces of block copolymers fabricated either as well-defined ordered Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films or solvent cast microphase-separated structures was studied. On ordered LB surfaces, adherent fibroblasts were larger than on the microphase-separated cast surfaces within 15 min. The difference in cell adhesion between LB films and cast surfaces increased with increasing PEO contents in block copolymer. Adherent cells increased with an increase in surface pressure of LB films in any polymer. Phase-contrast microphotographs of adherent cells showed rapid and extensive morphologic changes associated with the LB surface as compared to cast film surfaces. The number of cells grown on the LB surface is greater than that on the cast film. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonazepam release from core-shell type nanoparticles composed of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate) as the hydrophobic part and poly(ethylene oxide) as the hydrophilic part (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 415-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: block copolymer ; polymeric micelle ; nanoparticle ; clonazepam ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Block copolymers consisting of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate) (PBLG) as the hydrophobic part and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as the hydrophilic part were synthesized and characterized. Core shell type nanoparticles of the block copolymers (abbreviated GEG) were prepared by the dialysis method. Under fluorescence spectroscopy measurement, the GEG block copolymers were associated in water to form core shell type nanoparticles as polymeric micelles and the critical micelle concentrations (CMC) values of the block copolymers decreased with increasing PBLG chain length in the block copolymers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations revealed nanoparticles of spherical shapes. From dynamic light scattering (DLS) study, sizes of nanoparticles of GEG-1 and GEG-2 copolymer were 64.3 ± 28.7 nm and 28.9 ± 7.0 nm. The drug-loading contents of GEG-1 and GEG-2 nanoparticles were 15.2 and 8.3 wt %, respectively. These results indicated that the drug-loading contents were dependent on PBLG chain length in the copolymer. Then, the longer the PBLG chain length, the more the drug-loading contents. Release of clonazepam (CNZ) from the nanoparticles was slower in higher loading contents of CNZ than lower loading contents due to the hydrophobic interaction between PBLG core and CNZ. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 415-423, 1998
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloud point of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) synthesized in the presence of cyclodextrin (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 19 (1998), S. 403-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) was performed in the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) [or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HOP-β-CD)]. The formation of an inclusion complex between PNIPAAm and β-CD was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 2D-NOESY NMR. It was found that the cloud point (CP) of poly(N-isopropylamide) (PNIPAAm) in the PNIPAAm/β-CD complex in aqueous solution increased up to about 57°C whereas that in the PNIPAAm/β-CD blend is about 33°C. The CP of PNIPAAm in the PNIPAAm/β-CD complex is higher than that in the PNIPAAm/HOP-β-CD inclusion complex. IR and NMR results suggest that PNIPAAm chains are included in CD cavities.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1998.030190801
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel core-shell type thermo-sensitive nanoparticles composed of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate) as the core and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) as the shell (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 18 (1997), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: AB diblock copolymers consisting of PBLG as the hydrophobic part and PNIPAAm as the hydrophilic one were prepared by polymerization of BLG-NCA with semitelechelic PNIPAAm with amino end group as initiator. The core-shell type nanoparticles of the block copolymers were obtained by the diafiltration method. The sizes of the nanoparticles were from about 73 to 359 nm and the shapes of them were spherical. The release for indomethacin (IN) from the nanoparticles was faster at 28°C than at 34°C due to the conformational change of PNIPAAm by temperature.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1997.030180502
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