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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of timing of application of municipal solid waste compost on N availability for crops in central Spain (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 25 (1997), S. 136-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Incubation ; N mineralization ; Municipal solid waste compost ; Simulation models ; N availability ; Maize ; Mineralization kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract To calculate the correct nitrogen fertilizer rate for crops and the possibility of using municipal solid waste (MSW) compost as an organic amendment, nitrogen mineralization rates were studied by laboratory incubation and field measurements in a soil in central Spain. Nitrogen mineralization rates were studied in a 250-day laboratory soil incubation with two treatments: with and without compost, incubated at 28°C and a moisture content of 70% of field capacity. Three phases are described: (1) no increase in the mineral nitrogen content, (2) a linear increase in the mineral N fraction and, finally, (3) a linear, parallel increase in both mineral N and easily mineralizable organic N fractions. Incubation data were fitted to three different equations. The exponential model proposed by Stanford and Smith (1972) was selected to predict field N mineralization rates. The field experiment was performed using a crop of maize with three treatments: compost applied in February (before sowing), compost applied during sowing and a control (without compost application): sampling was carried out over 14 months. Soil water content was measured periodically. Soil with compost applied in February showed 1.9 and 1.4 times more available nitrogen than soil without compost and compost at sowing, respectively, for the month of maximum accumulation. These results suggest that compost amendments must be applied before sowing. Compost applications were shown to supply the available nitrogen for spring crops. A simulation model showed satisfactory agreement with field data, after correction for soil temperature and water content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050293
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of nitrate pollution by application of controlled release fertilizer (CRF), compost and an optimized irrigation system (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 43 (1995), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: nitrate leaching ; pollution ; fertilizer ; irrigation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A nitrogenous controlled release fertilizer (Floranid 32) and a treatment of municipal organic waste compost were tested under two irrigation managements (conventional and ET-adjusted irrigation rates) with the aim of assessing risk of nitrate leaching to the aquifer. A check without N fertilizer was introduced. The experiment was carried out at La Poveda Field Station (30 km SE Madrid, Spain) in alluvial soils with water table depth at 4 m and under maize cropping. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, allocating 12 plots to each irrigation management. Although N fertilizer rate (150 kg ha−1) was reduced at half as related to a previous experiment, no difference in grain yields was observed. This result relates to a high content of soil-N. Floranid showed promising results in controlling N-leaching in comparison with urea that exhibited an accelerated rate of N release which finally determines low use of N by the plant and marked NO3 − leaching. Treatment of municipal waste compost showed NO3 − concentrations in the soil water solution of similar values as those of urea at 140 cm. ET-adjusted irrigation showed no drainage during the corn growing season and lower NO3 − concentrations in the soil water solution which could indicate a general lower rate of N solubilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00747701
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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