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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of thermal treatment of low-temperature GaN buffer layers on the quality of subsequent GaN layers (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 4877-4882 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The surface morphology and crystalline quality of GaN layers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire (0001) substrates were investigated for various thermal treatment conditions of low-temperature (LT)-grown GaN buffer layers. The surface morphology and crystalline quality of subsequently grown high-temperature (HT) GaN layers strongly depended on thermal effects during the temperature ramping process after LT growth of the buffer layers. We have found that the defect density and structure are affected by this temperature ramping process, and that the generation of growth pits is closely related to defects in the HT-GaN layers. High-quality HT-GaN layers with specular surface morphology were obtained with optimum growth and ramping conditions for the LT-GaN buffer layers. Furthermore, the role of thermal treatment during the temperature ramping process was identified, and mechanisms of nucleus formation, HT-growth initiation on the LT-GaN buffer layers, and defect formation are proposed and discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366350
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large deformation and geometric instability of substrates with thin-film deposits (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3457-3464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental and theoretical results are presented on the evolution of large elastic deformation, non-uniform curvature, shape changes and geometric instability in substrates of Si wafers with metal films. The critical diameter and thickness of the Si wafer, for which large deformation and shape instability occur, are identified, as functions of the line tension in the film (which is the product of the biaxial stress in the film and the film thickness). Observations of the curvature and shape variations along the wafer diameter and geometry-dependence of the shape instability compare favorably with those predicted by detailed finite element analyses. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365042
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structure and function of the gut epithelium of pike eel larvae (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The development of the alimentary canal of pike eel, Muraenesox cinereus, that were hatched and reared in the laboratory, was examined. The larvae did not feed on zooplankton or phytoplankton and survived for 10 days. Histological and histochemical investigations showed that the alimentary canal was morphologically and functionally differentiated in 3 days after hatching and before exhaustion of the yolk. The foregut was not functional in absorption. The midgut absorptive cell was characterized by a well-developed lamellar membranous structure in the basal portion of the cytoplasm. Na1-K1 ATPase activity was demonstrated on the lamellar membrane of the structure. It suggests that water and solute transport is quite active in the midgut epithelium. Orally administered HRP (horseradish peroxidase) was ingested and intracellularly digested in the hindgut absorptive cells. Some of the HRP was transported, without complete digestion, into tissue spaces under the epithelium. Evidence suggests that pike eel larvae possibly utilize dissolved organic matter, including soluble macromolecules, as their nutrition sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01879.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical simulation of convective heat transfer to a radial free surface jet impinging on a hot solid (1999)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 35 (1999), S. 266-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The convective heat transfer between a circular free surface impinging jet and a solid surface has been studied numerically. The thin liquid film formed on the surface has been assumed to be in non-turbulent free surface flow. The effects of surface tension, viscosity, gravity and heat transfer between the film flow and the solid surface have been taken into account. The flow structure on a non-heated surface has been investigated first. Next, the steady-state flow structure in the liquid film as well as the heat transfer has been examined. The predicted results have been compared with experimental data for the purpose of validating the analysis. The hydrodynamics of the liquid film and the heat transfer processes have been investigated numerically to understand the physics of the phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050323
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracranial metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma: CT and MRI (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain ; Metastases ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report clinical characteristics and CT and MRI in 16 patients with brain metastases due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eight of these 16 patients presented with apoplexy-like symptoms (50 %). Pulmonary metastases were found in 13 cases (81.3 %). The mean survival from the appearance of cerebral metastases to death was 6.2 weeks, which is one of the shortest survival terms in metastatic brain tumours. Haemorrhagic brain metastases were observed in 14 patients (87.5 %) with a tendency for the frequency of bleeding to increase in proportion to the size of the tumour. On both contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, metastatic brain tumours enhanced strongly, suggesting that brain metastases, like HCC, are also hypervascular. MRI is useful in evaluating brain metastases from HCC, especially in order to differentiate tumour from haemorrhage. Our results demonstrated a poor prognosis and bleeding tendency of brain metastases due to HCC and showed the usefulness of CT and MRI in achieving a correct diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02278115
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracranial metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma: CT and MRI (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; Metastases ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report clinical characteristics and CT and MRI in 16 patients with brain metastases due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eight of these 16 patients presented with apoplexy-like symptoms (50 %). Pulmonary metastases were found in 13 cases (81.3 %). The mean survival from the appearance of cerebral metastases to death was 6.2 weeks, which is one of the shortest survival terms in metastatic brain tumours. Haemorrhagic brain metastases were observed in 14 patients (87.5 %) with a tendency for the frequency of bleeding to increase in proportion to the size of the tumour. On both contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, metastatic brain tumours enhanced strongly, suggesting that brain metastases, like HCC, are also hypervascular. MRI is useful in evaluating brain metastases from HCC, especially in order to differentiate tumour from haemorrhage. Our results demonstrated a poor prognosis and bleeding tendency of brain metastases due to HCC and showed the usefulness of CT and MRI in achieving a correct diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050914
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperostosis generalisata with striations of the bones: report of a female case and a review of the literature (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 460-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Sclerosing bone dysplasia ; Hyperostosis generalisata with striations of the bones ; Fairbank’s disease ; female
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report on a 70-year-old woman with generalized skeletal alterations, characterized by marked diaphyseal expansion of the long bones and coarse striations of the trabeculae of the tubular bones, ribs, pelvis and vertebral bodies. These findings were consistent with hyperostosis genralisata with striations of the bones, first described by Fairbank. Biopsy of the femur revealed a featureless sclerosed bone. This is the first report of a female patient with this rare sclerosing bone dysplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050547
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element analysis of edge lamination during hot rolling process of aluminium alloy (1995)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 65 (1995), S. 365-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: hot rolling ; edge lamination ; 3-D deformation ; rigid plasticity ; FEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The rigid-plastic finite element method is applied to the analysis of the three-dimensional deformation behaviour, in particular the forming of edge lamination during the multi-pass hot roughing process of aluminium. the calculation is carried out for various rolling conditions and reduction schedules, and their influence on the edge lamination is examined. The results suggest that the crop loss due to the edge lamination can be reduced by increasing the roll diameter, the reduction per pass and the initial width of the slab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00787530
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element analysis of edge lamination during hot rolling process of aluminium alloy (1995)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 65 (1995), S. 365-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Hot rolling ; edge lamination ; 3-D deprmetion ; rigid plasticity ; FEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  The rigid-plastic finite element method is applied to the analysis of the three-dimensional deformation behaviour, in particular the forming of edge lamination during the multi-pass hot roughing process of aluminium. The calculation is carried out for various rolling conditions and reduction schedules, and their influence on the edge lamination is examined. The results suggest that the crop loss due to the edge lamination can be reduced by increasing the roll diameter, the reduction per pass and the initial width of the slab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00787530
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture prediction in stretch forming using finite element simulation combined with ductile fracture criterion (1997)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 67 (1997), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words sheet metal forming ; forming limit ; ductile fracture criterion ; FEM ; stretch forming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  A criterion for ductile fracture is introduced in the finite element simulation of sheet metal forming. From the calculated histories of stress and strain in each element, the fracture initiation site and the critical stroke are predicted by means of the ductile fracture criterion. The calculations are carried out for axisymmetric stretch forming of various aluminium alloy sheets and their laminates clad by mild steel sheets. The predictions so obtained are compared with experimental observations. The results show that the combination of the finite element simulation and the ductile fracture criterion enables the prediction of forming limit in a wide range of sheet metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190050106
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