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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of MRI with CT (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 357-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; CT ; Magnetic resonance ; Liver neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the clinical utility of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma of the liver, 11 patients with pathologically proven peripheral cholangiocarcinoma were examined with both CT and MRI. On CT scans in 10 cases, the tumors appeared as irregular, low-attenuation masses with a wide variation in heterogeneity. Contrast enhancement of the tumors was mild in nine cases and moderate in one case, at the periphery. Tumor was not identified in one case. On T1-weighted MRIs, the tumors showed low intensity in eight cases and isointensity in three cases. On T2-weighted images, the tumors showed high intensity in all 11 cases. Focal dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts around the tumor was seen in one case on MRIs and in four cases on CT scans. Portal vein invasion of the tumors was seen in one case, and lymphadenopathy was seen in four cases on both MRIs and CT scans. MRI was slightly superior to CT in detecting the tumors, was inferior to CT in delineating focal ductal dilatation around the tumors, and was equal to CT in assessing extent of the tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203371
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cystic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: sonography and CT (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 131-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver, cholangiocarcinoama ; Liver, US studies ; Liver, CT studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of cystic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma is presented. Both sonography and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a large intrahepatic cystic neoplasm containing an enhancing solid portion. Despite the very rare incidence of this tumor, we believe that cystic degeneration of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma should be considered with these radiologic findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201520
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver treated with chemotherapy: CT imaging in four patients (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 133-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver, neoplasms ; Liver, sarcoma ; Liver, CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the computed tomography (CT) findings of undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma after chemotherapy and to correlate the CT imaging findings with pathologic findings. Methods: Ten CT images obtained before and after chemotherapy in four patients with hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with pathologic findings. Results: After chemotherapy, tumor volume decreased by 50–90% and initially nonresectable tumor or gross residual tumor was successfully excised in three patients. In all patients, enhancing peripheral solid portions and septations changed to low-attenuation areas, and in three patients increased or de novo calcifications were found at the periphery of the tumor. Resected pathologic specimen after chemotherapy showed well-encapsulated masses with central necrosis, fibrosis, and dystrophic calcifications. Conclusions: These CT findings will be useful in monitoring the treatment response of hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma during chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201521
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focal hepatic nodules after transcatheter oily chemoembolization; detection with spiral CT versus conventional CT (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 33-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver〈+〉—〈+〉CT〈+〉—〈+〉Neoplasms〈+〉—〈+〉Diagnosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: The objective of this study was to determine if spiral computed tomography (CT) results in increased rate of detection of focal hepatic nodules containing iodized oil after transcatheter oily chemoembolization when compared with conventional CT. Methods: Spiral CT with single 24-s breath-hold technique was compared with conventional sequential CT in 42 patients with suspected hepatocellular carcinomas. Two sets of CT scans obtained after transcatheter oily chemoembolization were independently reviewed by two radiologists. The slice thickness was 10 mm for both data sets. The number and sizes of focal hepatic nodules containing iodized oil were documented. All 42 patients had at least one hepatic nodule. The lesion size varied from 2 mm to 12 cm. Results: In six of the 42 patients, more hepatic nodules could be identified on spiral CT compared with conventional CT. When scans with spiral CT were used, 107 nodules were detected, whereas 98 nodules were detected with conventional CT. Overall, nine (9%) more nodules were detected with spiral CT (〈+〉p= .002). If lesions larger than 2 cm are excluded, nine (15%) more lesions were detected with spiral CT (〈+〉p= .002). Conclusion: Spiral CT results in increased rate of detection of focal hepatic nodules after transcatheter oily chemoembolization, particularly in lesions smaller than 2 cm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900005
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodized-oil retention within hepatic hemangioma:characteristics on iodized-oil CT (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 420-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Angioma, gastrointestinal tract—Contrast media, fatty acid—Computed tomography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristic computed tomographic (CT) appearance of iodized-oil retention in hepatic hemangioma and to evaluate the duration of the retention of iodized oil on follow-up CT. Methods: Seventeen hepatic hemangiomas of 14 patients were studied with CT performed 1–3 weeks after injection of 2–9 ml of iodized oil (iodized-oil CT) for the characterization of focal hepatic lesions, which needed differential diagnosis with hepatocellular carcinoma in 10 patients, for therapy in two patients, and for chemoembolization therapy of accompanying hepatocellular carcinomas in two. Twelve patients had 1–7 follow-up CT scans within an interval of 1–38 months. Results: In all cases, iodized-oil CT showed iodized-oil retention within the tumor, regardless of tumor size, shape, location, and amount of injected iodized oil. The distribution was incomplete and predominantly peripheral in all cases. Central retention was also seen in seven cases, in which a relatively large amount of iodized oil was injected, but retention of iodized oil in the tumor was incomplete even in two cases in which a large amount of iodized oil was injected to relieve symptoms and in three cases in which prominent uptake of surrounding liver parenchyma was seen. Patterns of retention were predominantly spotty in five, predominantly nodular in four, and mixed in eight patients. Retention materials slowly washed out but persisted for at least 3 months and up to 38 months (mean = 18.1 months), and complete washout was not seen in any cases at follow-up CT. Conclusion: In all cases of hepatic hemangiomas, iodized oil was retained, and retention persisted over several months. Distribution and patterns of retention were characteristically peripheral, spotty, and nodular at iodized-oil CT. Knowledge of the iodized-oil CT appearance of hepatic hemangioma would be helpful to interpret follow-up CT studies of patients who have undergone iodized-oil chemoembolization procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900096
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spiral CT for the detection of hepatocellular carcinomas:relative value of arterial- and late-phase scanning (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 440-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Computed tomography (CT), technology—Liver, CT—Hepatocellular carcinoma, CT.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: Spiral computed tomography (CT) can image the liver during arterial and late phases of contrast and optimize the evaluation of hypervascular tumor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative value of arterial- and late-phase spiral CT in the detection of hepatocellular carcinomas. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with hepatocellular carcinomas underwent two-phase spiral CT examination with 10-mm collimation at 10 mm/s table speed (Siemens Somatom Plus S), and 120 mL of contrast material (36 g iodine) was injected at the rate of 3 mL/s. CT images of hepatic arterial and late phases were obtained with a 35-s and 180-s delay, respectively. Results: In 58 patients, 111 hepatocellular carcinoma lesions were seen. The arterial phase detected 93 (84%) and the late phase 75 (68%) lesions (p 〈 0.01). The arterial phase detected more lesions in 11 patients, and the late phase dected more in two patients and an equal number in 45 patients. If lesions larger than 2 cm are excluded, the arterial phase detected 40 (74%) and the late phase 21 (39%) of 54 lesions (p 〈 0.001). Conclusion: The arterial phase of spiral CT greatly improves the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma when compared with the late phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900099
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: relative value of arterial and late phases of spiral CT (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 199 -203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Computed tomography, technology—Pancreas, CT—Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, CT.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: Spiral computed tomography (CT) allows the pancreas to be imaged during peak contrast levels owing to the capability of fast data acquisition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative value of the arterial and late phases of spiral CT for detecting pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Methods: Twenty-two patients with pathologically proved pancreatic adenocarcinomas underwent two-phase spiral CT. The CT scans were performed with 5 mm collimation and 5 mm/s table speed. Images during the arterial and late phases were obtained at 30- and 180-second delays, respectively. The images of the arterial phase were compared with those of the late phase in terms of tumor conspicuity from surrounding pancreatic parenchyma and tumor detectability by means of a 3-point grading system: 1 (poor), 2 (fair), and 3 (good). Results: In terms of tumor conspicuity from surrounding pancreatic parenchyma, 16 lesions (73%) were good, 5 lesions (23%) were fair, and 1 lesion (4%) was poor during the arterial phase, whereas 6 lesions (27%) were good, 9 lesions (41%) were fair, and 7 lesions (32%) were poor during the late phase (p= 0.0007). The arterial phase was superior to the late phase in 16 patients (73%) and equal in 6 patients (27%). For tumor detectability, 18 lesions (82%) were good, 3 lesions (14%) were fair, and 1 lesion (4%) was poor during the arterial phase, whereas 10 lesions (45%) were good, 7 lesions (32%) were fair, and 5 lesions (23%) were poor during the late phase (p= 0.0033). For detectability, the arterial phase was superior to the late phase in 14 patients (64%) and equal in 8 patients (36%). Conclusion: The arterial phase of spiral CT is superior to the late phase, which is equivalent to conventional CT for detecting pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900172
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helical CT anatomy of pancreatic arteries (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 517-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreas, anatomy—Pancreas, computed tomography—Computed tomography, helical technology.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To assess the frequency of visualization of pancreatic arteries in the arterial phase of helical computed tomography (CT). Methods: The visibility of pancreatic and peripancreatic arteries in helical CT images was evaluated in 20 consecutive patients who had no evidence of pancreatic disease. CT examinations were performed by using a continuously rotating CT scanner and intravenous injection of contrast media. The scans were taken 35 s after the start of injection and with a table speed of 3 mm/s. Images were reconstructed in 3-mm section increments. Results: Frequently visualized arteries were the gastroduodenal, anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal, and right gastroepiploic arteries. Infrequently visualized arteries were the dorsal pancreatic, pancreatica magna, caudal pancreatic, transverse pancreatic, and common, anterior, and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries. Conclusion: Helical CT enabled us to recognize small pancreatic arteries, and the evaluation of these arteries should be considered in the staging of pancreatic carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dysplastic nodules of the liver: imaging findings (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 250-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver—Neoplasms—US—CT—MR.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To verify characteristic features of hepatic dysplastic nodules at different imaging modalities. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with 37 dysplastic nodules of the liver (0.8–3.0 cm) underwent sonography (28 patients), computed tomography (CT; 24 patients), magnetic resonance (MR; 11 patients), and angiography (12 patients). Each nodule was analyzed for echogenicity, attenuation, signal intensity, and vascularity. Results: Echogenicity of nodules was high in 16 (43%), homogeneous in two (6%), and low in 19 (51%) of 37 nodules. Attenuation of nodules was high in one (7%), homogeneous in four (26%), and low in 10 (67%) of 15 nodules on the arterial-phase CT images; homogeneous in five (33%) and low in 10 (67%) of 15 nodules on the portal-phase CT images; and high in four (17%), homogeneous in six (26%), and low in 13 (57%) of 23 nodules on the delayed-phase CT images. Signal intensity of nodules was high in 15 (94%) and homogeneous in one (6%) of 16 nodules on T1-weighted MR images and was homogeneous in seven (44%) and low in nine (56%) of 16 nodules on T2-weighted MR images. Vascularity of nodules was avascular in 14 (88%) and slightly vascular in two (12%) of 16 nodules. Conclusions: Hepatic dysplastic nodules show diverse imaging characteristics with different imaging techniques; however, common imaging findings of hepatic dysplastic nodules are low echo, low attenuation, and high, low, or homogeneous intensity on T1- and T2-weighted MR, and avascularity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900490
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Castleman disease with renal amyloidosis: imaging findings and clinical significance (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 376-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Amyloidosis ; Hamartoma ; Kidney ; Computed tomography ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two cases of renal amyloidosis associated with mesenteric and mediastinal Castleman disease of plasma cell type. Computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a mesenteric mass with multiple nodal enlargement in one patient and a right paratracheal mass with irregular central calcifications in the second patient. Renal ultrasonography (US) showed increased echogenicity of the renal parenchyma with prominent medullas. Doppler waveform obtained in the kidney associated with mesenteric disease showed complete absence of diastolic flow signal, although it was normal in the patient with mediastinal disease. Recognition of Castleman disease as the cause of renal amyloidosis and the understanding of CT and US findings of this entity are important for the management, as well as its diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203376
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