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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the Isotopic Compositions of Samarium and Gadolinium by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 67 (1995), S. 1437-1441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00104a021
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidized lipoproteins found in patients with NIDDM stimulate radical-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA expression in cultured human endothelial cells (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 662-670 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Oxidized lipoprotein ; free radical ; atherosclerosis ; endothelial cells ; antioxidants.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) exists in plasma from diabetic patients, there are few studies on its biological activity. Thus, we investigated the biological potency of LDL plus intermediate density lipoprotein fraction isolated from 12 non-diabetic and 24 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects of similar age and body mass index, in order to induce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA expression in cultured human endothelial cells. MCP-1 mRNA content in the cells exposed to the lipoproteins isolated from the diabetic patients was significantly higher than that from the control subjects (p 〈 0.001). The increment of MCP-1 mRNA content was positively correlated with not only HbA1 c (r = 0.58, p 〈 0.0001) but also lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) content in the lipoprotein (r = 0.46, p 〈 0.005) and was negatively correlated with diene formation lag time as a marker of oxidizability of the lipoprotein (r = – 0.33, p 〈 0.05). Treatments of the cells with either 50 μmol/l probucol, 50 μmol/l α-tocopherol, or 0.1 mmol/l deferoxamine suppressed the increase in MCP-1 mRNA content induced by diabetic lipoproteins, respectively. Furthermore, the diabetic lipoproteins activated nuclear transcription factor NF-kB in the cells, which was inhibited by pre-treatment of cells with 50 μmol/l probucol. These data indicate that oxidatively modified lipoproteins found in diabetic plasma stimulate MCP-1 gene expression in endothelial cells. The LPC content which reflects oxidative modification of lipoprotein is at least a possible marker of biological activity to increase an atherogenic cytokine in endothelial cells. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 662–670]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050731
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased intestinal glucose absorption and postprandial hyperglycaemia at the early step of glucose intolerance in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty Rats (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 1459-1466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords OLETF ; xylose ; SGLT1 ; intestinal hypertrophy ; glucose absorption ; postprandial hyperglycaemia.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats are reported to be obese Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic rats with insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. To investigate the contribution of intestinal glucose absorption to postprandial hyperglycaemia, we determined the plasma xylose concentrations after an 0.8 g/kg oral xylose load which was used as a test of small intestinal glucose absorption in 6-week-old OLETF rats and weight-matched Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. An oral glucose tolerance test showed that OLETF rats developed hyperglycaemia at 60 and 90 min after the glucose load, though the fasting plasma glucose concentration, insulin concentration and insulin-induced in vivo glucose utilization rate were similar. Consistently, in an oral D-xylose loading test, the peak concentration of plasma xylose in OLETF rats was increased by 58.7 % compared with that of LETO rats (p 〈 0.005). The disappearance rate of plasma xylose concentrations after intravenous xylose loading did not differ between the two strains. Co-treatment with 0.4 g/kg phlorizin, a specific inhibitor of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1), abolished both plasma glucose and xylose concentrations after the loads. Morphological studies showed that both the small intestinal wet weight and surface area were 30 % larger in the OLETF rats than in the LETO rats. Furthermore, the SGLT1 mRNA content of OLETF rats also increased compared with LETO rats. These results suggest that an increased SGLT1 expression concomitant with intestinal hypertrophy in OLETF rats is partly associated with postprandial hyperglycaemia before the onset of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 1459–1466]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051092
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new antidiabetic agent (JTT-501) rapidly stimulates glucose disposal rates by enhancing insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 151-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Euglycaemic insulin clamp ; insulin sensitizer ; isoxazolidinedione ; insulin signaling ; JTT-501
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A newly synthesized antidiabetic agent, JTT-501 is an isoxazolidinedione rather than a thiazolidinedione. An oral dose of JTT-501 (100 mg · kg–1· day–1) given to 12-week-old male Zucker fatty rats for 7 days led to the amelioration of both hyperinsulinaemia (40 % of non-treated) and hypertriglyceridaemia (23 % of non-treated) as well as a 2.4-fold increased insulin sensitivity as determined by a euglycaemic insulin clamp. In our study, we further evaluated the acute effect of JTT-501 on both the glucose infusion rates (GIR) and insulin signalling in skeletal muscle. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 10 weeks were injected intravenously with JTT-501 (5 mg/kg) and then a euglycaemic insulin clamp was initiated and glucose infusion rates monitored for 150 min. We found that this treatment increased the glucose infusion rate by 33 % during the last 30 min in SD rats. After the clamp had been initiated for 30 min, the insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) activities co-immunoprecipitated with insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) were also enhanced, resulting in increased glycogen synthase activities in the soleus muscles. Treatment with JTT-501 also enhanced the phosphorylation of insulin receptors and insulin receptor-substrate 1 rapidly as well as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activities, which were stimulated by a bolus injection of insulin. Similarly, JTT-501 stimulated the glucose infusion rate by 30 % and enhanced insulin signalling in Zucker fatty rats. In conclusion, a newly developed isoxazolidinedione, JTT-501, rapidly potentiates the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle by enhancing insulin signalling and could be useful for the treatment of insulin-resistant diabetic subjects. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 151–159]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051133
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain Refining during Heavy Deformation in Fe-C Alloys with (α+θ) Two-Phase Structure (1999)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 304-306 (Feb. 1999), p. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/04/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.304-306.115.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Agonist-Induced Down-Regulation of NMDA Receptors in Cerebellar Granule Cell Cultures (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 66 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Exposure of cerebellar granule cells to NMDA in culture at 5 days in vitro, when cells are not yet vulnerable to NMDA, evoked a pronounced reduction in NMDA receptor activity, measured by NMDA-induced 45Ca2+ influx, and counteracted the normal developmental increase in NMDA receptors. The effect was concentration and time dependent, the half-maximal effect being reached at about 45 µM and by 4–5 h. The decrease in NMDA receptor function was accompanied by a significant reduction in the protein level of the obligatory NMDA receptor subunit (NR) NR1. Both parameters remained at a low level as long as the agonist was present. However, receptor down-regulation was reversible, as receptor protein levels and NMDA responses were restored to control values upon NMDA removal, this process requiring protein synthesis. NMDA treatment also elicited a decrease in NR1, NR2A, and NR2B subunit messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. However, in comparison with NMDA receptor proteins, the decrease was faster, and NMDA receptor mRNA content recovered to control levels within 24 h in spite of the presence of NMDA. Concerning the mechanisms of agonist-induced regulation of NMDA receptor expression, it seems that protein kinase C-mediated protein phosphorylation is not involved, whereas inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II/IV by KN-62 does depress NMDA receptor expression even in the absence of NMDA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66010369.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic reflex threshold and loudness in patients with unilateral hearing losses (1998)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 255 (1998), S. 7-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Key words Acoustic reflex ; Middle ear muscle ; Clinical loudness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between the acoustic reflex threshold (ART) and loudness was examined in patients with unilateral hearing losses and subjects with simulated hearing losses using a masking method. Significant differences in the ART between the two ears of patients with unilateral hearing losses were correlated with differences in loudness at the level of the ART with differences in loudness determined by the alternate binaural loudness balance test. A similar relationship of ART and the sensation of loudness was also observed in ears with simulated hearing losses. The results obtained in the present study suggest a positive relationship between the ART and loudness, and provide some support for the assumption that a common neuronal information pathway plays an important role both in producing the loudness and eliciting the acoustic reflex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004050050013
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence on chemical structure of the production of NH 4 + and/or NO 3 −3 ions during the photocatalyzed oxidation of nitrogen-containing substances at the titania/water interface (1996)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 36 (1996), S. 115-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: photooxidation ; titanium dioxide ; heterogeneous catalysis ; imidazole ; succinimide ; amino-acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The dependence of the formation of NH 4 + and/or NO 3 − ions on chemical structure has been examined in TiO2 photocatalyzed oxidations of various amino acids, amides, and nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds. The primary amino groups and the amide moiety are converted photocatalytically and predominantly to NH 4 + ions, whereas the hydroxylamino group in N-hydroxysuccinimide is photoconverted predominantly to NO 3 − ion. Results show that the nitrogen at the 1-position in imidazole is mainly photoconverted to NH 4 + ion by analogy with the equivalent nitrogen atom in pyrrole; the nitrogen at the 3-position is transformed into NO 3 − ion. Formation of ammonium ions is faster than formation of nitrate ions in all but the N-hydroxysuccinimide substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807215
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotopic study of natural fission reactors at Oklo and Bangombé, Gabon (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 239 (1999), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The Oklo and Bangombé uranium ores in the Republic of Gabon are fossils of natural fission reactors. Many elements in these natural fission reactors show isotopic anomalies derived from fission and neutron capture reactions. Isotopic analyses of uraninites and some other minerals provide useful information on the geochemical behavior of fission products and nuclear chemical characterization of the reactors. Integrated isotopic measurements by whole rock analysis with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and by in-situ analysis with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) make it possible to clarify the migration processes of fissiogenic nuclides over a range of scales from micro meters to meters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02349532
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