Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 50 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Eleven brain-dead organ donors were studied during surgery. Plasma levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline were measured before and after skin incision, upon sternotomy and 15, 30 and 45min thereafter. Haemodynamic changes were measured continuously throughout the observation period. Blood pressure and heart rate increased after skin incision, remained high at sternotomy then decreased towards the end of the observation period in six of the 11 patients. Plasma catecholamines increased promptly with the onset of surgical stimuli. We conclude that surgical stress can evoke an excessive rise of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline and thus could impair allograft function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Transplant international 9 (1996), S. 102-108 
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Brain death, endocrine stress ; Donor, endocrine stress ; Stress hormones, brain death ; Endocrine stress, brain death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the course of plasma levels of the stress markers adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, human growth hormone (h-GH), β-endorphin, and prolactin during retrieval surgery in eleven brain-dead organ donors scheduled for multiple organ explantation. Donors were divided into two groups according to hemodynamic stability. Hormones demonstrated a great variability in plasma levels and in the pattern of reaction, revealing a different degree of remaining pituitary function. β-Endorphin was the only stress hormone that showed a response to surgical stimuli in six patients. Only three of them developed a concomitant rise in ACTH. Cortisol, prolactin, and h-GH plasma levels did not change during the observation period. In the three cases with a slight elevation in ACTH, no subsequent change in cortisol was detectable. β-Endorphin showed greater variability and a tendency to higher levels in the group presenting with a higher arterial pressure, which resulted in a significant difference (P〈0.005) when distributions were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. No correlation was found between hypotensive episodes and deficiencies of other stress hormones. We conclude that pituitary function varies considerably in brain-dead organ donors without demonstrating a correlation to the onset of hypotension. Thus, we feel no need for a substitution treatment with any of the hormones investigated prior to organ explantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mivacurium ; Neostigmin ; Edrophonium ; Key words Mivacurium ; Neostigmine ; Edrophonium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Mivacurium has a short duration of action because it is rapidly hydrolysed by plasma cholinesterase. There is ongoing controversy concerning the antagonism of mivacurium-induced neuromuscular block, firstly because of its short spontaneous recovery time, and secondly because the metabolism of mivacurium may be inhibited by anticholinesterases. We therefore compared neostigmine and edrophonium reversal of deep and moderate mivacurium-induced blocks. Methods: After approval by the local ethics committee, 48 ASA class I and II adult patients were investigated during nitrous oxide-fentanyl-thiopental anaesthesia using train-of-four (TOF) stimulation and monitoring of the isometric force of adduction of a thumb. The patients received 0.2 mg/kg mivacurium i.v. Neuromuscular transmission was allowed to recover spontaneously in 10 patients (group SP). In 2 other groups the neuromuscular block was antagonised by administration of 0.04 mg/kg neostigmine (group N5; n=9) or 1.0 mg/kg edrophonium (group E5; n=10) when T1 had recovered spontaneously to 5% of control. In two other groups the neuromuscular block was antagonised with the same doses of neostigmine or edrophonium in 10 patients (group N25) and 9 patients (group E25), respectively, when T1 had recovered spontaneously to 25% of control. Results: Neostigmine or edrophonium administered when T1 had recovered spontaneously to 25% of control shortened the recovery time (time from administration of antagonist to a T4/T1-ratio of 0.7) significantly from 10.7±2.2 min (mean±SD) in the SP group to 5.1±2.0 and 5.3±1.5 min in the N25 and E25 groups, respectively (P〈0.05). The corresponding recovery times in the SP, N5, and E5 groups were 15.9±2.9, 10.0±1.9, and 7.7±2.2 min, respectively. The difference between the SP and E5 groups was significant (P〈0.05). The recovery indices (time from 25% to 75% recovery of T1) of 3.0±1.3 and 1.7±0.9 min for the E5 and E25 groups, respectively, were shorter than those of the SP group at 6.1±2.0 min (P〈0.05). Conclusions: Two theoretical reasons, the very rapid onset time and the fact that it does not inhibit plasma cholinesterase, suggest edrophonium to be the preferred antagonist of a mivacurium-induced blockade. These two characteristics are reflected in our results: only edrophonium was able to shorten the recovery index significantly and, administered at a profound level of mivacurium-induced neuromuscular block, only edrophonium was successful in shortening recovery time significantly. Therefore, edrophonium should be the anticholinesterase of choice to antagonise a mivacurium-induced neuromuscular block.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Antagonisierung von Mivacurium wird erstens wegen seiner kurzen Spontanerholungszeit und zweitens wegen möglicher Hemmung dessen Metabolisierung durch Plasmacholinesterasehemmer kontrovers beurteilt. Methode: In einer klinischen Studie untersuchten wir bei 48 ASA I bzw. II Patienten die Antagonisierung einer tiefen und oberflächlichen Mivacuriumblockade mit Neostigmin und Edrophonium. Nach einer Bolusinjektion von 0,2 mg/kg Mivacurium und nachdem sich T1, die erste der vier Muskelantworten nach TOF Stimulation, auf 5% des Ausgangswerts, erholt hatte, erhielten die Gruppen N5 (n=9) und E5 (n=10) 0,04 mg/kg Neostigmin bzw. 1,0 mg/kg Edrophonium. Die Gruppen N25 (n=10) und E25 (n=9) erhielten die gleichen Dosierungen Neostigmin und Edrophonium bei T1=25%. Bei 10 Patienten (Gruppe SP) ließ man die neuromuskuläre Erholung spontan erfolgen. Die neuromuskuläre Transmission wurde mittels Train-of-four-Stimulation des N. ulnaris und Messung der isometrischen Adduktionskraft des Daumens monitiert. Ergebnisse: Neostigmin und Edrophonium, bei T1=25% verabreicht, verkürzten die Erholungszeit (Zeit von T1=25% bis zu einem T4/T1-Verhältnis von 0,7) signifikant von 10,7±2,2 (MW±SD) min in der SP-Gruppe auf 5,1±2,0 min in der N25-Gruppe und auf 5,3±1,5 min in der E25-Gruppe. Die entsprechenden Erholungszeiten (Zeitintervalle von T1=5% bis zu einem T4/T1-Verhältnis von 0,7) in den SP, N5 und E5 Gruppen betrugen 15,9±2,9, 10,0±1,9 und 7,7±2,2 min, wobei lediglich zwischen der SP- und der E5-Gruppe ein signifikanter Unterschied bestand (p〈0,05). Der Erholungsindex (Zeit der T1-Erholung von 25% auf 75%) betrug 3,0±1,3 und 1,7±0,9 min in der E5- und E25-Gruppe und war signifikant kürzer als in der SP-Gruppe, 6,1±2,0 min (p〈0,05). Schlußfolgerung: Da nur Edrophonium in der Lage war, die Erholungsindizes zu verkürzen, und nur Edrophonium die Erholungszeit aus einem tiefen Block heraus verkürzen konnte, sollte es dem Neostigmin zur Antagonisierung einer Mivacuriumblockade vorgezogen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...