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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Multiple myeloma ; Hematological patients ; Intensive care ; Bone marrow transplantation ; Mechanical ventilation ; Noninvasive mechanical ventilation ; Shock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Intensivists generally view patients with hematological malignancies as poor candidates for intensive care. Nevertheless, hematologists have recently developed more aggressive treatment protocols capable of achieving prolonged complete remissions in many of these patients. This change mandates a reappraisal of indications for ICU admission in each type of hematological disease. Improved knowledge of the prognosis is of assistance in making treatment decisions. Patients and methods: The records of 75 myeloma patients consecutively admitted to our ICU between 1992 and 1998 were reviewed retrospectively and predictors of 30-day mortality were identified using stepwise logistic regression. Results: The median age was 56 years (37–84). Chronic health status (Knaus scale) was C or D in 39 cases. Fifty-five patients (73 %) had stage III disease and 17 had a complete or partial remission. Autologous bone marrow transplantation had been performed in 28 patients (37 %). ICU admission occurred between 1992 and 1995 in 41 patients (54.7 %), and between 1996 and 1998 in 34 patients (45.3 %). The median SAPS II and LOD scores were 60 (23–107) and 7 (0–21), respectively. Reasons for ICU admission were acute respiratory failure in 39 patients (52 %) and shock in 31 (41 %). Forty-six patients (61 %) required mechanical ventilation. Fifty patients (66 %) received vasopressors and 24 dialysis. Thirty-day mortality was 57 %. Only five parameters were independently associated with 30-day mortality in the multivariate model: female gender (OR = 5.12), mechanical ventilation (OR = 16.7) and use of vasopressor agents (OR = 5.67) were associated with a higher mortality rate, whereas disease remission (OR = 0.16) and ICU admission between 1996 and 1998 (OR = 0.09) were associated with a lower one. Conclusion: The prognosis for myeloma patients in the ICU is improving over time. This may reflect either recent therapeutic changes in hematological departments and ICUs or changes in patient selection for ICU admission. Hematologists and intensivists should work closely together to select hematological patients likely to benefit from ICU admission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Dodecaheme cytochrome c has been purified from Desulfovibrio (D.) desulfuricans ATCC 27774 cells grown under both nitrate and sulfate-respiring conditions. Therefore, it is likely to play a role in the electron-transfer system of both respiratory chains. Its molecular mass (37768 kDa) was determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. Its first 39 amino acids were sequenced and a motif was found between amino acids 32 and 37 that seems to exist in all the cytochromes of the c3 type from sulfate-reducing bacteria sequenced at present. The midpoint redox potentials of this cytochrome were estimated to be −68, −120, −248 and −310 mV. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the oxidized cytochrome shows several low-spin components with a gmax spreading from 3.254 to 2.983. Two crystalline forms were obtained by vapour diffusion from a solution containing 2% PEG 6000 and 0.25–0.75 M acetate buffer pH = 5.5. Both crystals belong to monoclinic space groups: one is P21, with a = 61.00, b = 106.19, c = 82.05 Å, β = 103.61°, and the other is C2 with a = 152.17, b = 98.45, c = 89.24 Å, β = 119.18°. Density measurements of the P21 crystals suggest that there are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. Self-rotation function calculations indicate, in both crystal forms, the presence of a non-crystallographic axis perpendicular to the crystallographic twofold axis. This result and the calculated values for the volume per unit molecular weight of the C2 crystals suggest the presence of two or four molecules in the asymmetric unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 35 (1998), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Multiorganversagen ; Krankheitsverlauf ; logistisches Organ-Dysfunktion-System ; Key words Multiple Organ Dysfunction ; Severity Overtime ; Logistic Organ Dysfunction System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract For many years the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome has been on the top of medical articles about the intensive care patient. While severity scores deal with the 1st ICU day physiology, the organ dysfunction systems aim to take in account the duration type and severity of physiologic disturbances during the ICU stay. Most of the published systems have been created by a panel of experts, giving to each dysfunction a number of points, usually 1 to 4, according to the severity. Only 2 systems are different: the MODS of Marshall et al. and the Logistic Organ Dysfunction LOD system of Le Gall et al., both published recently (1995 and 1996). They differ from the others because first they were created either from a literature review (MDOS) or from a logistic regression (LOD), and secondly, because neither takes into account the therapy. Besides, the LOD system, when used on the 1st ICU day, has statistical qualities which are very promising. The LOD system is now used each consecutive day on septic patients in an European multicenter study.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Seit vielen Jahren steht das Multiorganversagen im Mittelpunkt des Interesses in der Intensivmedizin. Während die meisten Scoring-Systeme sich hauptsächlich auf den ersten Tag der intensivmedizinischen Behandlung konzentrieren, ist es Ziel eines Scoring-Systems für das Multiorganversagen, zusätzlich Dauer, Art und Schwere der physiologischen Störungen im Verlauf des intensivmedizinischen Aufenthaltes zu berücksichtigen. Die meisten bisher publizierten Scoring-Systeme wurden durch ein Expertengremium initiiert, wobei innerhalb des Scoring-Systems jeder Dysfunktion eine bestimmte Anzahl von Punkten, meist 1 bis 4, für den entsprechenden Schweregrad zugeordnet wurden. Nur zwei Systeme benutzen bisher einen hiervon unterschiedlichen Ansatz: Das „MODS“ von Marshall et al. und das „Logistic Organ Dysfunction LOD System“ von Le Gall et al., beide in den vergangenen Jahren publiziert. Beide Systeme unterscheiden sich von anderen Scoring-Ansätzen zum einen durch die Berücksichtigung entsprechender Literaturübersichten (MDOS) oder einer logistischen Regression (LOD), zum anderen sind beide unabhängig von der jeweiligen Therapie. Für das LOD-System konnte gezeigt werden, daß eine Anwendung am ersten intensivmedizinischen Behandlungstag eine statistisch qualifizierte Vorhersage für den Patienten ermöglichte. Gegenwärtig wird dieses LOD-System an entsprechend aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen bezüglich der prognostischen Aussagekraft bei septischen Patienten im Rahmen einer europäischen Multicenter-Studie weiter untersucht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Intensive care costs ; Omega system ; Resource allocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: An instrument able to estimate the direct costs of stays in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) simply would be very useful for resource allocation inside a hospital, through a global budget system. The aim of this study was to propose such a tool. Design: Since 1991, a region-wide common data base has collected standard data of intensive care such as the Omega Score, Simplified Acute Physiologic Score, length of stay, length of ventilation, main diagnosis and procedures. The Omega Score, developed in France in 1986 and proved to be related to the workload, was recorded on each patient of the study. Setting: Eighteen ICUs of Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and suburbs. Patients: 1) Hundred twenty-one randomly selected ICU patients; 2) 12,000 consecutive ICU stays collected in the common data base in 1993. Measurements: 1) On the sample of 121 patients, medical expenditure and nursing time associated with interventions were measured through a prospective study. The correlation between Omega points and direct costs was calculated, and regression equations were applied to the 12,000 stays of the data base, leading to estimated costs. 2) From the analytic accounting of AP-HP, the mean direct cost per stay and per unit was calculated, and compared with the mean associated Omega score from the data base. In both methods a comparison of actual and estimated costs was made. Results: The Omega Score is strongly correlated to total direct costs, medical direct costs and nursing requirements. This correlation is observed both in the random sample of 121 stays and on the data base' stays. The discrepancy of estimated costs through Omega Score and actual costs may result from drugs, blood product underestimation and therapeutic procedures not involved in the Omega Score. Conclusions: The Omega system appears to be a simple and relevant indicator with which to estimate the direct costs of each stay, and then to organise nursing requirements and resource allocation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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