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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propofol auto-co-induction as an alternative to midazolam co-induction for ambulatory surgery (1999)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We propose the use of an intravenous propofol/propofol auto-co-induction technique as an alternative to propofol/midazolam for induction of anaesthesia. We have studied 54 unpremedicated ASA 1 or 2 patients undergoing day-stay anaesthesia for minor orthopaedic surgery. All received 10 μg.kg−1 of alfentanil before induction, followed by either midazolam 0.05 mg.kg−1, propofol 0.4 mg.kg−1 or saline, and 2 min later, a propofol infusion at a rate of 50 mg.kg−1.h−1 until loss of eyelash reflex. We compared pre- and postinduction haemodynamic changes, complications at insertion of a laryngeal mask airway and recovery from anaesthesia in the three groups. Both co-induction techniques showed less postinduction hypotension and significant reduction of the total induction dose of propofol when compared to the control group. In the propofol/propofol group there was a decreased incidence of apnoea during induction of anaesthesia. These patients were discharged from hospital 2 h after the end of anaesthesia whereas patients in the midazolam/propofol group were discharged after 2½ h (p 〈 0.001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.00658.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weed populations in olive groves under non-tillage and conditions of rapid degradation of simazine (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 36 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In 49 olive tree groves in southern Spain under non-tillage and treated in the autumn with simazine, a total of 315 weed species was identified. However, only eight annual specics reached a moderate mean infestation of infested ficlds. In each field the number of observed species ranged from 4 to 78. The most important annual species that survived simazine treatment were Lolium rigidum, Galium tricornutum and Sherardia arvensis and, locally in a few fields, others such as Amaranthus spp., Conyza spp., Pulicaria paludosa, Sinapis alba. Torilis arvensis and Rumex bucephalophorus. Sedum album, R. bucephalophorus, P. paludosa, Briza maxima and Hypericum perforatum were mainly found in slope soils with high altitude and low carbon content. Cyperus rotundus, Conyza banariensi, Amaranthus blitoides, Galium spurium and Diplotaxis virgata were found at high densities in irrigated fields. Simazine residues recorded 6 months after herbicide application were very low, amounting on average to levels less than 3% of the applied rate. In soil treated with simazine for 7 years. simazine degradation was much faster than in previously untreated soil, particularly at temperatures of 15-25°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1996.tb01795.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A statistical study of the correlation between k′ or log k′ and log Pow for a group of benzene and naphthalene derivatives in micellar liquid chromatography using a C-18 column (1995)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 40 (1995), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Micellar liquid phases ; Octanol-water partition coefficient ; Benzene and naphthalene derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the logarithm of the capacity factor (log k′) for fifteen benzene and naphthalene derivatives in micellar liquid chromatography with forty nine different mobile phases generally correlates better with the logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient (log Pow) than the capacity factor (k′). Optimum conditions are established to obtain the best linear correlations of log k′-log Pow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02272169
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Softening, localisation and adaptive remeshing. Capture of discontinuous solutions (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 17 (1995), S. 98-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Two approaches have been used in finite element studies of discontinuities (shocks) in fluid mechanics. These are discontinuity capture using suitable mesh adaptivity and discontinuity fitting by introduction of discontinuous shape functions in the formulation. Both procedures have been now used successfully in solid mechanics, but the paper discusses the particular advantages of the adaptive process. The causes of discontinuity in plastic failure are reviewed and differences from the analogous fluid mechanics problems are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356482
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Softening, localisation and adaptive remeshing. Capture of discontinuous solutions (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 17 (1995), S. 98-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Two approaches have been used in finite element studies of discontinuities (shocks) in fluid mechanics. These are discontinuity capture using suitable mesh adaptivity and discontinuity fitting by introduction of discontinuous shape functions in the formulation. Both procedures have been now used successfully in solid mechanics, but the paper discusses the particular advantages of the adaptive process. The causes of discontinuity in plastic failure are reviewed and differences from the analogous fluid mechanics problems are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356482
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strain localisation modelling and pore pressure in saturated sand samples (1998)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 22 (1998), S. 266-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic strain localisation theory together with a multiphase material model is used to simulate shear band dominated processes in fully saturated sand samples. The fluid-saturated medium is viewed as multi-phase continuum consisting of a solid skeleton and pores filled by fluids. The governing equations are based on the general framework of averaging theories. A generalised plasticity constitutive model for fully saturated soils is adopted in the computational process. Both samples of medium-loose and dense sands are studied. Negative water pressures, which are important in localisation phenomena of fully saturated dilatant geomaterials, are obtained for dense sands, while positive water pressures result for medium-loose sands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660050359
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pretreatment prognostic factors for survival in small-cell lung cancer: A new prognostic index and validation of three known prognostic indices on 341 patients (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 8 (1997), S. 547-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: prognostic groups ; prognostic index ; small-cell lung cancer ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims: a) To identify which pretreatment clinical or blood parameters werepredictive of patient survival in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) in aretrospective analysis. b) To validate three known prognostic indices: RoyalMarsden Model (index 1), London Group (index 2) and Manchester Score (index3). Patients and methods: From 1981 to 1993, 341 SCLC patients were treatedwith chemotherapy with or without surgery or radiotherapy. Univariate andmultiple regression analyses of survival were performed and the feasibilityof these models was explored, index 1: Karnofsky index, albumin, sodium andalkaline phosphatase; index 2: ECOG performance status (PS), albumin andalanine transaminase; and index 3: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), diseaseextent, sodium, Karnofsky index, alkaline phosphatase and bicarbonate. Results: Significant prognostic factors for survival after univariate andmultiple regression analysis were: disease extent, PS, creatine kinase,neutrophilia, LDH, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglycemia and bicarbonate. A newprognostic index was performed that included LDH, hypoalbuminemia,neutrophilia, disease extent and PS. It defined three prognostic groups (PG).Median survival and two-year survival for these PG were 12.3, 8 and 3.4 monthsand 16.5%, 2.3% and 0%, respectively. The following PGwere identified after application of the three models proposed: Index 1identified two PG with 0% and 16.6% two-year survival (P 〈0.001); index 2 detected three PG with 0%, 5% and 15.7%two-year survival (P 〈 0.001) and index 3 detected three PG with 0%,2.5% and 16.2% two-year survivals, respectively (P 〈 0.001). Conclusion: A new prognostic index is proposed allowing identification ofthree different PG. The feasibility of three known prognostic models wasvalidated and demonstrated. Variables other than disease extent or PS (albuminor LDH) should be taken into account in designing future clinical trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008212826956
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESHAP is an active regimen for relapsing Hodgkin's disease (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 593-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: Hodgkin's disease ; relapse ; salvage chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Refractory or relapsing Hodgkin's disease is associated with a poor prognosis. There is no widely accepted salvage chemotherapy regimen for these patients. However, the addition of high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic transplantation (AHT) has proven of benefit to them. A prospective clinical trial was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of ESHAP (etoposide, methylprednisolone, high-dose cytarabine, and cisplatin). Patients and methods: Twenty-two patients with refractory (5) or relapsing Hodgkin's disease (17) were entered and scheduled to receive three courses of ESHAP. Patients suitable for AHT were then given high-dose chemotherapy with CBV (cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide) plus AHT, whereas responding, non-AHT-suitable patients completed six ESHAP courses. Results: Nine patients achieved complete responses and seven partial responses (overall response rate 73%) with ESHAP. Grade 3–4 myelotoxicity was seen in 13 patients (59%). Nine patients received CBV plus AHT. At a median follow-up time of 50 months (range 6–96), seven patients (32%) are alive and disease-free. Three patients died of toxic effects of ESHAP (1) or CBV (2). Actuarial overall survival and disease-free survival were 35% and 27% at three years. Conclusions: ESHAP is an active regimen for relapsing Hodgkin's disease, with myelosuppression as its dose-limiting toxicity. An increased risk of treatment-related mortality when it is combined with high-dose chemotherapy can not be ruled out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026454831340
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triangles and tetrahedra in explicit dynamic codes for solids (1998)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 43 (1998), S. 565-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: incompressibility ; tetrahedral ; linear ; elements ; explicit dynamic computation ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Explicit dynamic codes which are used currently for the study of plastic deformations in impact, or with some modification for metal forming, suffer two serious limitations.First, only quadrilateral or hexahedral linear elements can be used thus limiting the possibilities of adaptive refinement and adaptive meshing.Second, even with the use of such elements, special devices such as reduced integration must be introduced to avoid locking and reduce costs. These necessitate complex hour glass control, mending-type procedures.The main difficulties are those due to the need of treatment of (almost) incompressible deformation modes. Recently, similar difficulties have been overcome in the context of fluid dynamics soil dynamics and we show here how the processes introduced there can be adopted effectively to the present problem, thus allowing an almost unrestricted choice of element interpolations. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A patch test for mesh alignment effects in localized failure (1995)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1995), S. 1015-1024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: localization ; volumetric locking ; pressure formulation ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Computation of failure mechanisms is of paramount importance for engineers assessing safety of structures. However, computation of failure loads and mechanisms presents numerical difficulties leading to wrong answers, especially in the case where failure consists in localization of plastic deformation or damage in localized zones. Here, the results depend on factors like mesh alignment and element distortion. The paper addresses the problem of designing a suitable patch test to assess element performance under localized failure. It will be shown how predictions of this test provide a reliable answer to the question of whether a particular element will or will not be suitable for such failure computations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640111207
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