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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear spinor field in Bianchi type-I Universe filled with perfect fluid: Exact self-consistent solutions (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 38 (1997), S. 5305-5318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Self-consistent solutions to nonlinear spinor field equations in general relativity have been studied for the case of Bianchi type-I space–time filled with perfect fluid. The initial and the asymptotic behaviors of the field functions and the metric one have been thoroughly studied. The absence of initial singularity for some types of solutions and also the isotropic mode of space–time expansion in some special cases should be emphasized. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.531944
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leishmania donovani Infection of a Susceptible Host Results in CD4+ T-Cell Apoptosis and Decreased Th1 Cytokine Production (1999)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 49 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The disease visceral leishmaniasis is caused by a protozoan parasite, Leishmania donovani and is characterized by depressed cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and unhindered parasite growth in a susceptible host. The opposite trend is observed in a resistant host. However, the mechanism of this loss of CMI during the progressive disease is unknown as yet. In this report, we demonstrate that more than 40% of CD4+ T cells from a susceptible host undergo apoptosis resulting in a significant decrease in interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ secretion, leaving IL-4 secretion unaffected. These changes are not apparent in the case of CD4+ T cells derived from a resistant host. The data reported here suggest that experimental Leishmania donovani infection leads to selective deletion of the IL-2 and IFN-γ-secreting cells but not Th2-like cells in a susceptible but not a resistant host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1999.00486.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunobiological Studies on Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis IV. Kinetics of Evolution of Disease-Promoting Versus Host-Protective Cells of Monocyte-Macrophage Lineage and their Characterization (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 42 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The evolution of cells of the monocyte-macropbage lineage (MML cells) in the spleen of Leishmania donovani (LD) infected BALB/c mice was studied. Spleen cells were fractionated on a discontinuous percoll gradient and adherent cells (AC) were purified from fractionated spleen cells by adherence steps that appeared at the interfaces of 25–35%, 35–40%, 40–45% and 45–50% percoll gradients. The AC were characterized as MML cells on the basis of positive staining for non-specific esterase. Adherent cells that appeared at the interfaces of 25–35% and 40–45% were defined as A and C, respectively, and both of them showed extreme variation in a progressive infection. It was observed that A supported parasite replication whereas C remained refractory when infected with LD in vitro. Furthermore, when A cells and C cells were used as antigen-presenting cells to stimulate mixed population of IFN-γ producing and IL-4 producing T-cells, it was observed that IL-4 and IFN-γ were the predominating cytokine in the T-cell supernatant, respectively. Both A and C were found to be increased hand-in-hand up to 5 months of infection and from then on A decreased and C increased in their numerical strength (A-C reciprocity). The evolution of A-C reciprocity coincided with the gradual reduction in the parasitaemia in the spleen suggesting that this may contribute to the acquisition of anti-leishmania immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03693.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of xylitol by Candida peltata (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1999), S. 633-636 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: xylitol production; xylose fermentation; mixed sugars utilization; Candida peltata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Candida peltata NRRL Y-6888 to ferment xylose to xylitol was evaluated under different fermentation conditions such as pH, temperature, aeration, substrate concentration and in the presence of glucose, arabinose, ethanol, methanol and organic acids. Maximum xylitol yield of 0.56 g g−1 xylose was obtained when the yeast was cultivated at pH 6.0, 28°C and 200 rpm on 50 g L−1 xylose. The yeast produced ethanol (0.41 g g−1 in 40 h) from glucose (50 g L−1) and arabitol (0.55 g g−1 in 87 h) from arabinose (50 g L−1). It preferentially utilized glucose 〉 xylose 〉 arabinose from mixed substrates. Glucose (10 g L−1), ethanol (7.5 g L−1) and acetate (5 g L−1) inhibited xylitol production by 61, 84 and 68%, respectively. Arabinose (10 g L−1) had no inhibitory effect on xylitol production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900674
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soliton model of atom (1995)
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 25 (1995), S. 1723-1731 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Einstein-de Broglie soliton concept is applied to simulate stationary states of an electron in a hydrogen atom. According to this concept, the electron is described by the localized regular solutions to some nonlinear equations. It is shown that the electron-solilon center travels along some stationary orbit around the Coulomb center. The electromagnetic radiation is absent as the Poynting vector has non-wave asymptote O(r −3)after averaging over angles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02057884
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of L-arabitol from L-arabinose by Candida entomaea and Pichia guilliermondii (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 45 (1996), S. 299-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Lignocellulosic biomass, particularly corn fiber, represents a renewable resource that is available in sufficient quantities from the corn wet milling industry to serve as a low cost feedstock for production of fuel alcohol and valuable coproducts. Several enzymatic and chemical processes have potential for the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose to fermentable sugars. The hydrolyzates are generally rich in pentoses (D-xylose and L-arabinose) and D-glucose. Yeasts produce a variety of polyalcohols from pentose and hexose sugars. Many of these sugar alcohols have food applications as low-calorie bulking agents. During the screening of 49 yeast strains capable of growing on L-arabinose, we observed that two strains were superior secretors of L-arabitol as a major extracellular product of L-arabinose. Candida entomaea NRRL Y-7785 and Pichia guilliermondii NRRL Y-2075 produced L-arabitol (0.70 g/g) from L-arabinose (50 g/l) at 34°C and pH 5.0 and 4.0, respectively. Both yeasts produced ethanol (0.32–0.33 g/g) from D-glucose (50 g/l) and only xylitol (0.43–0.51 g/g) from D-xylose (50 g/l). Both strains preferentially utilized D-glucose〉D-xylose〉L-arabinose from mixed substrate (D-glucose, D-xylose and L-arabinose, 1:1:1, 50 g/l, total) and produced ethanol (0.36–0.38 g/g D-glucose), xylitol (0.02–0.08 g/g D-xylose) and L-arabitol (0.70–0.81 g/g L-arabinose). The yeasts co-utilized D-xylose (6.2–6.5 g/l) and L-arabinose (4.9–5.0 g/l) from corn fiber acid hydrolyzate simultaneously and produced xylitol (0.10 g/g D-xylose) and L-arabitol (0.53–0.54 g/g L-arabinose).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050687
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of 2,3-butanediol by newly isolated Enterobacter cloacae (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Enterobacter cloacae NRRL B-23289 was isolated from local decaying wood/corn soil samples while screening for microorganisms for conversion of l-arabinose to fuel ethanol. The major product of fermentation by the bacterium was meso-2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD). In a typical fermentation, a BD yield of 0.4 g/g arabinose was obtained with a corresponding productivity of 0.63 g/l per hour at an initial arabinose concentration of 50 g/l. The effects of initial arabinose concentration, temperature, pH, agitation, various monosaccharides, and multiple sugar mixtures on 2,3-BD production were investigated. BD productivity, yield, and byproduct formation were influenced significantly within these parameters. The bacterium utilized sugars from acid plus enzyme saccharified corn fiber and produced BD (0.35 g/g available sugars). It also produced BD from dilute acid pretreated corn fiber by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (0.34 g/g theoretical sugars).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051526
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solitons of nonlinear scalar electrodynamics in general relativity (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of theoretical physics 36 (1997), S. 1475-1494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9575
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Solitons with spherical and/or cylindrical symmetry in the interacting system of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields have been obtained. As a particular case it is shown that the equations of motion admit a special kind of solution with a sharp boundary, known as droplets. For these solutions, the physical fields vanish and the space-time is flat outside of the critical sphere or cylinder. Therefore, the mass and the electric charge of these configurations are zero.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02435941
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interacting Spinor and Scalar Fields in Bianchi Type I Universe Filled with Perfect Fluid: Exact Self-Consistent Solutions (1997)
    Springer
    General relativity and gravitation 29 (1997), S. 1099-1113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9532
    Keywords: COSMOLOGICAL MODEL WITH SPINOR AND SCALAR FIELD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the framework of Bianchi I (BI) cosmological models a self-consistent system of interacting spinor and scalar fields has been considered. We introduced an interaction function F(I, J) which is an arbitrary function of invariants I and J, generated from the real bilinear forms of the spinor field. Exact self-consistent solutions to the field equations have been obtained for the cosmological model filled with perfect fluid. The initial and the asymptotic behavior of the field functions and of the metric one has been thoroughly studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018887024268
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative separation of carrier-free cerium from fission products (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 214 (1996), S. 17-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The extraction of Ce (IV) by di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (HDEHP) has been studied as a function of nitric acid concentration. Using the distribution coefficient data, the optimum conditions for recovery of Ce (IV) from nitric acid medium were arrived at. Under the conditions employed for Ce(IV), a small percentage of Ru was also found to be extracted. Cerium could be selectively stripped from the organic phase with 8M HNO3/30% H2O2 solution. This procedure led to the recovery of144Ce free of106Ru. Based on the solvent extraction data, an extraction-chromatographic procedure employing HDEHP (40% w/w) loaded on Amberlite XAD-7 as the stationary phase was developed for the isolation of pure, carrier-free144Ce from the spent fuel solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02165055
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