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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 4033-4042 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The combination of two-photon excitation 4Pi-confocal fluorescence microscopy with image restoration leads to a fundamental improvement of three-dimensional resolution in the imaging of transparent, fluorescent specimens. The improvement is exemplified by randomly dispersed fluorescent beads and with actin filaments in a mouse fibroblast cell. For an illumination wavelength of 810 nm, we obtained lateral and axial full-width at half-maxima of point-like objects of 120–140 nm, and 70–100 nm, respectively. Fluorescent beads that are 150 nm apart are imaged with an intensity dip of ∼25%. This amounts to a ∼sixfold improvement of the axial resolution over standard two-photon confocal microscopy. In the cell, the 3D-images reveal details otherwise not resolvable with focused light. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3644-3646 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We determine the resolution of high-performance confocal microscopes by measuring the three-dimensional point–spread function (3D-PSF) of an optimized confocal setup. The 3D-PSF is standardized by recording the scattered light of pointlike objects. For a wavelength of 543 nm and a specified numerical aperture of 1.4 (oil), we find an axial and lateral focal full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 460±20 and 145±10 nm, respectively. A high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained by using recording times comparable to those of near-field scanning optical microscopy. We further reduce the effective PSF extent by means of a three-dimensional deconvolution technique exploiting the information gained from the measurement of the focus. We show that it is possible to obtain an axial and lateral FWHM of the far-field effective PSF after deconvolution of 80 and 40 nm, respectively. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hypopharynxkarzinome ; Simultane Radio-Chemo-Therapie ; Salvagechirurgie ; LENT-SOMA ; EORTC ; Key words Hypopharyngeal carcinomas ; Simultaneous radiochemotherapy ; Salvage surgery ; Lent-Soma index ; European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Modul
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Forty-one patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinomas were followed for at least 3 years (median, 60 months) after simultaneous radiochemotherapy. Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy was administered as 5×2 Gy/week to a total dose of 30 Gy within 3 weeks. From the fourth week an accelerated hyperfractionated schedule was used as 2×1.4 Gy/day five days weekly given exclusively to the first order target volume of macroscopic tumor (adding up to a total dose of 72 Gy in six weeks). The second and third order target volumes received conventional fractionation only to 60 Gy and 50 Gy, respectively. The moderate acceleration of the concomitant boost scheme in the second half was counterbalanced during the first week by the introduction of a 5-fluorouracil bolus of 350 mg/M2 with 200 mg/M2 folinic acid and a subsequent continuous infusion using the same dose each 24 h for 5 days. Additionally, a Mitomycin-C bolus of 10 mg/M2 was infused at the fifth day and on the first day of the sixth week. Six weeks after treatment the patients were restaged. In cases with residual carcinoma salvage surgery was performed (11 patients). Late effects of therapy were analyzed according to the Lent-Soma index and life quality according to the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Modul. Late effects of treatment were tolerable and were controlled locally. The 3-year-survival rate was 39%, with a local-regional recurrence-free control rate of 71%. Fifty-two percent of all cases of death were caused by distant metastases, secondary carcinomas or other diseases not related to tumor recurrence. The poor prognosis of hypopharyngeal carcinomas despite acceptable local tumor control may be due to specific biological factors present in affected patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 41 Patienten mit lokal weit fortgeschrittenen Hypopharynxkarzinomen wurden mindestens 3 Jahre (median: 60 Monate) nach primärer hyperfraktionierter, akzelerierter Radio- und simultaner Chemotherapie mit 5 FU, Mitomycin C und Folinsäure nachkontrolliert. Bei 11 Patienten erfolgte 6 Wochen nach Abschluß der Therapie eine Salvageoperation. Die lokoregionäre Rezidivfreiheit lag bei 71%, die 3-Jahres-Überlebensrate bei 39%. Todesursache waren in 52% der Todesfälle Fernmetastasen, Zweitkarzinome oder andere Krankheitsursachen. Diese Risiken stiegen nach 2 Jahren kontinuierlich an, während nach 31 Monaten kein Patient mehr infolge eines lokoregionären Rezidivs verstarb. Therapiebedingte Spätfolgen wurden nach dem LENT-SOMA-Index und die Lebensqualität nach dem EORTC-Modul beurteilt. Sämtliche Therapiespätfolgen waren kontrollierbar und wenig toxisch. Im Vordergrund standen Mundtrockenheit und Beschwerden von seiten der Kaumuskulatur. Da bei lokal weit fortgeschrittenen Hypopharynxkarzinomen die Überlebenszeit nur z.T. von der Kontrolle des lokoregionären Befund abhängig ist, kommt den Ergebnissen der Funktionalität und Lebensqualität nach Behandlung des Primärtumors und der lokalen Lymphabflußwege eine besondere Bedeutung zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Bradykinin ; BPPs ; Bothrops neuwiedi ; venom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In the course of systematic investigations on low-molecular-weight compounds from the venom of Crotalidae and Viperidae, we have isolated and characterized at least three bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPP-II, BPP-III, and BPP-V) from Bothrops neuwiedi venom by gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 M, Sephadex G-10 followed by HPLC. The peptides showed bradykinin-potentiating action on isolated guinea-pig ileum, for which the BPP-V was more active than of BPP-II, and BPP-III, rat arterial blood pressure, and a relevant angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) competitive inhibiting activity. The kinetic studies showed a K i of the order of 9.7 × 10−3 μM to BPP-II, 7 × 10−3 μM to BPP-III, and 3.3 ×10−3 μM to BPP-V. The amino acid sequence of the BPP-III has been determined to be pGlu-Gly-Gly-Trp-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro-Glu-Ile-Pro-Pro, and the amino acid compositions of the BPP-II and BPP-V by amino acid analysis were 2Glu-2Gly-1Arg-4Pro-lIle and 2Glu-2Gly-lSer-3Pro-2Val-Ille, with molecular weight of 1372, 1046, and 1078, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 56 (1999), S. 1123-1131 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: compatibility ; decomposition ; energetic materials ; peak temperature ; polymers ; TG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Compatibility is an important safety aspect related to the production and storage of energetic materials. To test different combinations of materials a simple test method with clear criteria is advisable. At the last ESTAC the use of microcalorimetry and the vacuum stability test for the compatibility testing of propellants were presented. This paper presents DSC, DTA/TG and (pressure) vacuum stability test results for the same combination. For three polymers (PMMA, PVC and CA) the results for all tests are the same. Only Nylon-6/6 gives a variable result for the different test methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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