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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Double-Masked Multicenter Comparative Study Between Alendronate and Alfacalcidol in Japanese Patients with Osteoporosis (1999)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 10 (1999), S. 183-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Alendronate – Alfacalcidol – Bone mineral density – Double-masked comparative study – Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of alendronate, a double-masked, active (alfacalcidol) controlled comparative study for 48 weeks was carried out in a total of 210 Japanese patients with osteoporosis. The doses of alendronate and alfacalcidol were 5 mg/day and 1 μg/day, respectively. The lumbar bone mineral density (LBMD) values observed at 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks after the initiation of alendronate treatment were 3.53 ± 0.53%, 5.37 ± 0.62%, 5.87 ± 0.74% and 6.21 ± 0.59% (mean ± SE), respectively, higher than the baseline value. Corresponding values in the alfacalcidol group were 1.50 ± 0.43%, 0.69 ± 0.63%, 1.12 ± 0.60% and 1.36 ± 0.63%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups at each time point (p〈0.05 or p〈0.001). The bone turnover markers were depressed during treatment in the alendronate group: −32.2% for alkaline phosphatase, −53.7% for N-terminal osteocalcin and −45.0% for urinary deoxypyridinoline compared with the corresponding baseline values. On the contrary, no notable changes in these parameters were observed in the alfacalcidol group. Treatment with alendronate caused a transient decrease in serum calcium concentrations associated with an increase in the serum level of intact parathyroid hormone. In contrast, treatment with alfacalcidol resulted in a tendency of these parameters to change in the opposite direction. No difference in fracture incidence between the two groups was observed. The overall safety of alendronate was comparable to that of alfacalcidol. In conclusion, although it was a relatively short-term study of 48 weeks, the results of the present study indicate that alendronate at the daily dose of 5 mg was effective in increasing LBMD and that no serious drug-related adverse events were observed in the alendronate-treated patients. Alendronate is more efficacious than alfacalcidol in increasing bone mineral density, although the mechanisms of the actions of the two drugs are apparently different.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050214
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exacerbation of primary biliary cirrhosis during interferon-α2b therapy for chronic active hepatitis C (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 1226-1230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: primary biliary cirrhosis ; hepatitis C ; interferon-α2b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 60-year-old woman with chronic active hepatitis C was treated with 6 million units of rIFN-α2b daily for two weeks and subsequently three times weekly for several months. Histological examination proved a severe form of chronic active hepatitis C unexpectedly complicated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Before treatment, levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) or gammaglutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) had remained within normal limits over six months, although anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) was shown to be positive. After eight weeks of therapy, the daily dose of rIFN was reduced to 3 million units because of a marked increase of ALP and GGT, although the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was normalized. Four months later, IFN treatment was suspended because of continuous elevation of ursodeoxycholic acid was substituted. Two months later, the ALP and GGT levels returned to the normal range, although ALT was not normalized and HCV-RNA remained positive. This is the first report case that demonstrates IFN treatment potentially exacerbates PBC associated with chronic active hepatitis C. It is important for treating physicians to keep this association in mind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02065528
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of tubular alumina membrane with uniform straight channels by anodic oxidation process (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 6185-6187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract We prepared alumina tubes by an anodic oxidation process. The tube obtained was mechanically tough against a pressure of about 1 MPa from the outside of the tube. The tube was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a gas permeability measurement. The SEM observations revealed that this has uniform straight channels penetrating through the tube wall. The channels are vertical to the tube surface and their diameter is about 150 nm. The permeability of gas was measured with H2, He, N2, O2 and CO2 in the range of 0–100 kPa. The gas flow was mainly governed by Knudsen flow. This indicates the absence of big cracks in the tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354436
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of tin oxide monolith by the sol-gel method from inorganic salt (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 6125-6127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Tin oxide monolith was prepared by a sol-gel process using inorganic salt as a starting material. The tin oxide prepared had no aggregations visible to the naked eye and was very transparent in the visible wavelength even after heating in air at 600 °C. It was confirmed from X-ray diffraction results that the crystal structure of the tin oxide was of the rutile type. The crystal size changed from 1.4 nm to 23.5 nm as the heating temperature increased from room temperature to 700 °C, indicating a possibility to control the crystal size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354428
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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