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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term renal preservation after brain death maintained with vasopressin and epinephrine (1990)
    Springer
    Transplant international 3 (1990), S. 15-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Brain death, maintenance of circulation ; Epinephrine in brain-dead donors ; Vasopressin in brain-dead donors ; Donor maintenance, pharmacological
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to examine renal function after brain death, twenty-eight patients were randomly separated into two groups. The systemic blood pressure of ten patients was maintained with epinephrine alone (group 1). Eight of the ten patients experienced cardiac arrest within 48 h (range 6–87 h) despite the rather large dosage of epinephrine. Urine output was uncontrollable and renal function deteriorated progressively in this group. Eighteen patients were maintained with arginine vasopressin and epinephrine (group 2). Circulation was maintained with a smaller dosage of epinephrine than that given group 1 for at least 4 days (mean±SD 16.5±12.2 days). Urine output was controlled within the normal range and serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were normal for 14 days. Daily creatinine clearance was more than 80 ml/min. The combined administration of arginine vasopressin and epinephrine preserved the kidneys after brain death for more than a week. This method will be of great value in renal transplantation from brain-dead organ donors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333196
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stenotic kinking of the cavernous internal carotid artery with a giant intra-cavernous aneurysm: case report (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 608-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Carotid stenosis ; Embolization ; Giant aneurysm ; Internal carotid artery ; Kinking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a giant aneurysm of the cavernous internal carotid artery with proximal internal carotid stenosis. The stenosis showed two typical features: a kink at the stenosis and location at the exit from the carotid canal. We believe that the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery is compressed medially by the giant aneurysm and a kink occurs at the point where the artery leaves the bony carotid canal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600419
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and functional alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary system in brain death with long term bodily living (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 115 (1992), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brain death ; hypothalamic hormone ; hypothalamic-pituitary system ; pituitary-hormones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hypothalamic hormones as well as anterior pituitary hormones were detected in the peripheral plasma after the diagnosis of brain death. It is possible that residual hypothalamic tissue was functioning after satisfying the usual criteria of total brain death. To examine this possibility, endocrinological and morphological alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary system was evaluated in 28 brain dead patients. Intrinsic ADH was depleted in the plasma shortly after the diagnosis of brain death. Anterior pituitary hormones were initially detected in all patients, but gradually disappeared. The direct TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) stimulation to the anterior lobe was responded to well. Morphological studies showed a partial necrosis of the anterior lobe and the preservation of the posterior lobe for as long as a week. These data prove that the pituitary is partially preserved after brain death. LH-RH (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone) was detected in the peripheral plasma of all patients and GRF (growth hormone releasing factor) was detected in half of the patients for as long as 15 days, but autopsy revealed the fact that the brain tissue including the hypothalamus became extensively necrotic after the sixth day of brain death. In order to solve this controversy it is proposed that these hormones originate from extracranial tissues such as pancreas. The detection of hypothalamic hormones after the diagnosis of brain death therefore is not contradictory to the concept of total brain death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01400587
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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