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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for two uptake systems in Rhizobium leguminosarum for hydroxy-aromatic compounds metabolized by the 3-oxoadipate pathway (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 156 (1991), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium leguminosarum ; Aromatic metabolism ; Aromatic uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae and Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii have separate uptake systems for 4-hydroxybenzoate and protocatechuate. The 4-hydroxybenzoate uptake system (pobP) is inhibited by a range of compounds with substitution at the 4-position on the aromatic ring whereas the uptake system for protocatechuate (pcaP) is markedly inhibited only by other dihydroxybenzoic acids. The rate of 4-hydroxybenzoate uptake is very low in Rhizobium leguminosarum and Rhizobium trifolii grown on protocatechuate but mutants defective in 4-hydroxybenzoate uptake transport protocatechuate at rates similar to the wild-type grown under similar conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248715
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FEMTOSECOND DYNAMICS OF ELECTRONS ON SURFACES AND AT INTERFACES1 (1997)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 48 (1997), S. 711-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-426X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two-photon photoemission is a promising new technique that has been developed for the study of electron dynamics at interfaces. A femtosecond laser is used to both create an excited electronic distribution at the surface and eject the distribution for subsequent energy analysis. Time- and momentum-resolved two-photon photoemission spectra as a function of layer thickness fully determine the conduction band dynamics at the interface. Earlier clean surface studies showed how excited electron lifetimes are affected by the crystal band structure and vacuum image potential. Recent studies of various insulator/metal interfaces show that the dynamics of excess electrons are largely determined by the electron affinity of the adsorbate. In general, electron dynamics at the interface are influenced by the substrate and adlayer band structures, dielectric screening, and polaron formation in the two-dimensional overlayer lattice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.48.1.711
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An audit of the safety of an acute pain service (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We audited and analysed the adverse effects and safety of postoperative pain management on 2509 consecutive patients under care of the Acute Pain Service at a tertiary referral teaching hospital over a 32-month period. Our standard respiratory monitoring consisted of continuous pulse oximetry, hourly respiratory rate counting, sedation scoring and intermittent arterial blood gas sampling. This protocol was reliable and detected six episodes of bradypnoea, 13 of hypercapnia and 23 of oxygen desaturation occurring in 39 patients (1.8% of all spontaneously breathing patients). Two patients required naloxone injection and none had long-term sequelae. Hypotension due to epidural bupivacaine 0.0625% and fentanyl 3.3 μg.ml−1 infusion occurred in four patients (1.2%), all with a sensory block higher than T5. They readily responded to fluid infusion and ephedrine (two patients). Postoperative nausea or vomiting occurred in 723 (28.8%) and 380 (15.1%) patients, respectively. Odds ratio analysis showed that the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting were: female gender, gynaecological operations, nongeriatric patients and systemic analgesia. Postoperative nausea and vomiting decreased analgesic efficacy by discouraging the use of patient-controlled analgesia and was regarded as equally distressing as pain. Other side-effects included: pruritus in 182 patients; dizziness in 333 and lower limb weakness in 73 (21.2% of patients receiving epidural local anaesthetics). It is concluded that a standard monitoring and management protocol, an experienced nursing team and reliable Acute Pain Service coverage is mandatory for the safe use of modern analgesic techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.232-az0371.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF A BACKSWEPT CENTRIFUGAL IMPELLER AT OFF-DESIGN POINT CONDITIONS (1996)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 23 (1996), S. 883-895 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: N-S solver ; Turbomachinery ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The internal flows inside a backswept centrifugal impeller at off-design point conditions are analysed by solving the fully three- dimensional Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the k-∊ two-equation turbulence model. Conditions analysed have flow rates of 85 per cent and 113 per cent of the design rate. The calculated results are compared with published experimental data and the comparison shows good agreement. A jet wake structure occurs near the outlet of the impeller for each of the two off-design flow rates and the location and size of the jet wake structure seem to be independent of the flow rate.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow of thermoplastics in an annular die under parallel oscillations (1990)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 1574-1584 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A sound wave extrusion system has been developed. This system includes a single screw extruder and an annular die having an internal surface oscillating in the sound frequency range. Oscillating shear flow has been imposed in the direction parallel to the main pressure flow. The die characteristics and average melt temperature at the exit from the die for several thermoplastics have been measured with and without imposition of oscillations. Modeling of parallel superposition of sound oscillations upon pressure flow has been performed using the Leonov viscoelastic constitutive equation. Three cases are considered: (i) the process is isothermal and the change in die pressure is only due to a nonlinear interaction of oscillatory and pressure flow; (ii) the process is nonisothermal and adiabatic, and pressure reduction is due to the nonlinear interaction and the dissipation of oscillatory energy leading to the temperature rise in polymer melts; (iii) the process is nonisothermal with heat transfer due to transient heat conduction and the dissipation of oscillatory energy. Pressure reduction occurs due to both nonlinear interaction and temperature rise. It is found that case (i) cannot explain the observed die pressure reduction, while case (ii) describes those data only at high flow rates. The theoretical results from case (iii) are found to be in qualitative agreement with experimental observations. Generally, the theoretical results of case (iii) are better than those of cases (i) and (ii).
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760302404
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oscillations during extrusion on rheology and mechanical properties of polymers (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 10 (1990), S. 31-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An experimental study associated with the applications of sound and ultrasonic waves to extrusion is conducted. Two laboratory setups are developed for these purposes incorporating orthogonal and parallel superposition of oscillations on pressure flow during extrusion. The orthogonal superposition of sound oscillations is imposed in an annular die. The parallel superposition of ultrasound oscillations is imposed in a circular die. Several materials including unfilled and filled thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomer, and elastomer are tested. Die characteristics, power consumption, and die swell are determined during extrusion. The rheological properties, molecular weight, tensile properties, and impact strength of materials with and without sound and ultrasound treatment are investigated, indicating permanent changes in these properties. The observed effects are found to depend on melt temperature, flow rate, nature of polymer system, and oscillating parameters such as frequency and deformation amplitude.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1990.060100104
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