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  • 1990-1994  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 20 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural immunoreactivity for chromogranin with the LK2H10 antibody was examined in nine cases of breast carcinoma and one example of normal resting breast. These tissues were selected for study on the basis of argyrophilia or LK2H10 immunostaining by light microscopy. In two cases, positive reactivity with the chromogranin antibody was seen in breast neuroendocrine-like dense core granules. In a further six cases chromogranin reactivity was not seen in similar granules that showed the neuroendocrine properties of ultrastructural argyrophilia and uranaffinity. Inability to exhibit the full complement of neuroendocrine characteristics in breast carcinomas contrasts with the facility to demonstrate them in tissues of usual neuroendocrine differentiation. Furthermore, in two mucoid carcinomas and one example of normal resting breast ultrastructural cytoplasmic LK2H10 reactivity was evident, which was not localized to dense core granules, although these were present in two of the cases. Our findings demonstrate the heterogeneity of breast dense core granules and discourage acceptance of such characteristics as evidence of histogenesis of these carcinomas from a neuroendocrine cell type in breast tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 86 (1992), S. 1-30 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper presents a theory of the thermoelectric emf at a superconducting-normal (SN) interface (which diverges at Tc) and shows how measurements of this emf may be used to extract information about the thermopower inside a superconductor, which would otherwise be difficult to measure. The theory is an extension of earlier work by Pippard, Shepherd and Tindall1 and by Waldram2 on the divergent SN boundary resistance, and is based on a one-dimensional semi-classical Boltzmann transport equation. The earlier treatments of inelastic scattering and SN boundary conditions are improved. The treatment is compared with the more empirical theories of Hsiang and Clarke3 for the boundary resistance and Van Harlingen4 for the thermoelectric effect. The theories all agree close to Tc, but disagreements appear at lower temperature, especially when the superconductor is impure. The results are compared with experiment in the following paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 86 (1992), S. 31-48 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper presents experimental data on the thermopower and resistance of superconducting-normal interfaces in SNS junctions made from pure copper foils to which rods of pure lead or PbBi alloys are attached, measured using a SQUID voltmeter. The data are analysed using the theory presented in the preceding paper, which is generally successful in its region of validity for the purer alloys near to Tc, and more successful than earlier theories, particularly as concerns the thermopower. The bulk thermopower for the superconducting excitations is found to be continuous with its normal value at Tc. The junctions made using dirty alloys in which the heat flow is phonon dominated show an unexplained large rise in boundary thermopower at low temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 30 (1994), S. 153-158 
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast ; cyclic AMP ; proliferation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cyclic AMP binding proteins have been measured in normal breast tissue, in a variety of physiological conditions including resting state (69 cases), pregnancy (15 cases), lactation (4 cases), post-lactational involution (6 cases), and prolonged involution (10 cases). Levels varied greatly within the groups but median values were elevated in pregnancy, lactation, and post-lactational involution as compared with the resting and prolonged involutionary states. The proportion of different types of cyclic AMP binding proteins also differed between groups. Resting breast showed approximately equal amounts of type I and II whereas pregnant and post-lactational involuting breast tissue had an increased proportion of type I binding, and the prolonged involutionary state tended to be associated with low type I. Within the subgroup of nulliparous resting breasts, the proportion of type I cyclic AMP binding protein was significantly elevated during the second half of the menstrual cycle compared with the first (p 〈 0.05). There were also significant positive associations between the level of epithelial proliferation and both total (p 〈 0.015) and type I (p 〈 0.002) cyclic AMP binding. This represents the strongest of associations thus far reported between signalling systems and proliferation in the normal breast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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