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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of leflunomide on glomerulonephritis induced by antibasement membrane antibody in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 31 (1990), S. 321-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Leflunomide (HWA 486, a novel isoxazol derivative), shown to have potent immunosuppressant and antiinflammatory effects, was evaluated for its inhibitory and therapeutic effects on the glomerulonephritis induced in rats by rabbit antiserum against rat glomerular basement membrane. Leflunomide was administered orally to rats at 0.5 and 2 mg/kg/day for 20 days from 2 days before injection of the rabbit antiserum and at 2 mg/kg/day for 14 days from 5 days after the antibody injection. The present study consisting of 2 experiments for inhibitory (I) and therapeutic (II) effects of leflunomide revealed the following effects at 2 mg/kg: in experiment I, significant decreases in (a) urinary total protein, (b) plasma total cholesterol and fibrinogen and (c) thymus weight, and decreased incidences of fibrin deposits in Bowman's space, adhesion of the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule and deposition of rat IgG and C3; and in experiment II, decreases in (a), (b) and (c), though smaller than in experiment I, and decreases deposition of rat C3. Thus, leflunomide had potent inhibitory and limited therapeutic effects on glomerulonephritis, suggesting that the compound is effective in inhibiting the onset and development of glomerulonephritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997627
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical properties of Au/ and YBa2Cu3O7−x/SrTi1−yNbyO3 diodes (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 4976-4981 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrical properties of Au/ and YBa2Cu3O7−x/SrTi1−yNbyO3 heterojunctions were studied by measuring their capacitance-voltage, current-voltage, and conductance-voltage characteristics. The heterostructures were made by depositing Au or YBa2Cu3O7−x films on SrTi1−yNbyO3 substrates. The results of the capacitance-voltage measurement indicated that there was an interfacial layer having a dielectric constant lower than that of bulk SrTiO3 at the Au/SrTiO3 and YBa2Cu3O7−x/SrTiO3 interfaces. The current-voltage characteristics of the Au/SrTi1−yNbyO3 diodes with substrate Nb concentrations of 0.05 and 0.005 wt. % matched characteristics normally associated Schottky junctions and had a large ideality factor, n, consistent with the low-dielectric-constant interfacial layers. When the carrier concentration of the n-SrTiO3 substrate was 2×1019 cm−3, the Au and YBa2Cu3O7−x junctions showed interfacial-layer tunneling characteristics. The YBa2Cu3O7−x junctions exhibited two peaks in their conductance-voltage relations whose peak structures relies on the superconducting state density in YBa2Cu3O7−x films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348999
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal-noise-limited performance in single-chip superconducting quantum interference devices (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 6182-6188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The single-chip superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) we made using niobium Josephson junctions integrates a two-junction SQUID and a superconducting feedback circuit. The switching probability, its derivative to input flux, and the flux spectral density measured by varying the sinusoidal bias frequency and amplitude agree well with thermal noise theory. The best sensitivity and cutoff frequency were 6.2×10−6 Φ0(large-closed-square)(square root of)Hz and 1.1 kHz for a bias frequency at 10 MHz. The dynamic range was 2.5×105. These data show the SQUID to be suited to practical biomagnetic application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350428
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transforming growth factor β1-induced cellular heterogeneity in the periosteum of rat parietal bones (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 53 (1993), S. 122-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Transforming growth factor β1 ; Age difference ; Chondrogenesis ; Parietal bone ; Mesenchymal cell differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary We examined the osteogenesis process in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-treated neonatal and adult rats, aiming to investigate the age difference in the effect of TGF-β1 on mesenchymal cell differentiation. Recombinant human (rh) TGF-β1 (20 and 200 ng) was injected onto the outer periostea of the right side of the parietal bone of each rat once a day for 1–12 days starting at the age of either 1 day or 12 weeks. On the day after the final injection, the calvaria was excised and evaluated histologically. In the neonates, the 12-day treatment with rhTGF-β1 increased the number of osteoprogenitor cells, resulting in intramembranous ossification. In the adult rats, rhTGF-β1 induced differentiation of chondrocytes. Cartilage masses were surrounded by mesenchymal cells, which would differentiate into chondrocytes. The cartilage matrix was partially calcified, with chondrocytes buried therein. In the calcified matrix, marrow cavities containing some multinuclear osteoclasts were formed. These findings indicate that rhTGF-β1 stimulated the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes and produced the cartilaginous matrix. rhTGF-β1 induced intramembranous ossification of the parietal bone in neonatal rats, and it induced enchondral ossification in adults. This result suggests that the different responses of mesenchymal cells in the periosteum to rhTGF-β1 may depend on the age of the animals used: namely, they may reflect the respective osteogenic stages of modeling and remodeling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01321890
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of surface free energies and hamaker constants for fibrous solids by wetting force measurements (1990)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 268 (1990), S. 589-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Surfacefreeenergy ; Hamakerconstant ; wettingforce ; Wilhelmymethod ; contactangle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Wetting force at three-phase line was measured by the Wilhelmy technique using fibrous solids/liquid/liquid systems. Advancing and receding contact angles were calculated from the wetting forces during fiber immersion and emersion. The obtained results showed that contact angle hysteresis was due to the heterogeneity of the fiber surfaces. The dispersive and polar components of surface free energies of the fibers were determined from the advancing and receding contact angles, respectively. The Hamaker constants of the fibers were estimated from the dispersive components of their surface free energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410301
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental determination of energy barrier to particle detachment (1992)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 270 (1992), S. 794-798 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Energy barrier ; particle detachment ; polyethylene ; quartz ; zeta potential ; electrokinetic phenomena
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The estimation of energy barrier to detachment of particles from a substrate was carried out. Detachment processes of 4 μm polyethylene particles from a quartz wall under the gravitational force in aqueous solutions were investigated by a direct observation technique. The magnitude of energy barriers was experimentally determined by the temperature dependence of the rate constant of detachment and was compared with that estimated theoretically from the superposition of electrostatic and London—van der Waals energies calculated using the experimental electrokinetic potentials and Hamaker constants, respectivley. Both were in fairly good agreement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776151
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dispersion of gold ultrafine particles into rapidly quenched nylon (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1992), S. 797-798 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00729497
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