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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluctuations in state-selected unimolecular decomposition: Double-resonance infrared visible photofragment yield spectroscopy of NO2 (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 4860-4863 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fluctuations in the NO(2Π) state distributions from the state-selected simple bond fission unimolecular reaction of NO2 are probed using double-resonance photofragment yield (PHOFRY) spectroscopy. These spectra are sensitive probes of the correlation of selected NO rovibronic levels with specific resonances in the excited molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466033
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The monoenergetic unimolecular reaction of expansion-cooled NO2: NO product state distributions at excess energies 0–3000 cm−1 (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 1093-1108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report detailed vibrational, rotational, and electronic (V,R,E) distributions of nascent NO(X 2Π1/2,3/2) deriving from monoenergetic unimolecular reactions of expansion-cooled NO2. Near UV excitation above dissociation threshold (25 130.6 cm−1) prepares molecular eigenstates which are admixtures of the optically active 1 2B2 state and the ground X˜ 2A1 electronic state. The strong mixings among the vibronic states result in vibrational predissociation from states of predominantly ground state character, and the NO product state distributions (PSDs) are compared with the predictions of several statistical theories. The PSDs are combined with previously measured O(3PJ) distributions and unimolecular reaction rates, thereby providing a complete description of the decomposition of NO2 at these excess energies. All the rotational distributions show prominent fluctuations and structures, but tend on average to follow the statistical distributions predicted by phase space theory (PST). This behavior is observed in both NO(v=0) and NO(v=1) channels, although the relative population in NO(v=1) was always greater than expected by PST. The NO(v=1) fractional population is bounded by the predictions of the separate statistical ensembes (SSE) method, and recent variational Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) calculations are in agreement with the experimental results. Prior distributions underestimate the degree of vibrational excitation even more than PST does, and also the relative populations of the lower NO rotational levels. The observed NO spin–orbit states are always colder than statistical. We conclude that a significant interplay between dynamical biases and statistical expectations is manifest from the onset of dissociation, and is particularly evident when the initial parent rotational state is well defined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465408
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-Phase Collision-Induced Dissociation of Highly Excited NO2 (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 98 (1994), S. 1058-1060 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100055a003
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Traumatic injury to maxillary incisor teeth in a group of South Wales school children (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 6 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examines, from photographic records, the prevalence of accidental damage to maxillary incisor teeth in a group of 968 11/12-year-old South Wales school-children; 15.3% showed evidence of trauma ranging from enamel fractures or discolouration to actual loss of a tooth. Boys (19.4%) showed a higher prevalence of trauma than girls (11%). Maxillary central incisors were the most at risk from trauma, with coronal fractures being the most commonly sustained injury. Those subjects who showed evidence of trauma had an statistically (p〈 0.001) but not clinically significantly greater overjet than did those who had none. The percentage of subjects suffering trauma increased significantly with increasing overjet, but lip incompetence did not affect the prevalence of accidental damage. Though statistically unsupported due to the small numbers involved in this cohort, it appeared that the rougher nature of boys activities and their more active participation in sports were of greater importance than the magnitude of their overjet in determining whether their teeth were at risk from trauma. In contrast, it was the magnitude of the overjet which was the dominant factor in girls. Despite the wide availability of relatively simple means of restoration and, in the majority of cases, regular dental examinations, only 14.8% of traumatised teeth had received treatment at this age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1990.tb00429.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male production induced by antibiotic treatment inEncarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), an asexual species (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 48 (1992), S. 102-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Thelytoky ; microorganisms ; autoparasitoid ; biological control ; sex ratio ; parthenogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The production of large numbers of males in the thelytokous speciesEncarsia formosa was induced by feeding antibiotics to their mothers. The males induced by antibiotic treatment produce sperm and sometimes mate with females, but insemination does not occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923619
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outbreaks of the winter moth on Sitka Spruce in Scotland are not influenced by nutrient deficiencies of trees, tree budburst, or pupal predation (1991)
    Springer
    Oecologia 86 (1991), S. 62-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Insect outbreaks ; Tree stress ; Operophtera brumata ; Sitka Spruce ; Site effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Since the early 1980s, the winter moth, Operophtera brumata L. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) has emerged as a serious pest of Sitka Spruce, Picea sitchensis Bong. plantations in southern Scotland. Outbreaks are characterised by susceptible sites within plantations which can occur immediately adjacent to resistant sites. We investigated the level of some nutrients in the trees, the date of budburst of the trees, and the numbers of some potential predators of winter moth pupae. None could satisfactorily explain outbreak patterns. Although foliage analysis demonstrated that many trees were marginal or deficient in phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, these deficiencies were not related to the susceptibility of a site. Within sites, the numbers and weights of O. brumata were positively related to phosphorus content and negatively related to calcium content of foliage. Other evidence suggests, however, that these correlations may not represent direct effects of phosphorus and calcium on larval growth and survival. Date of budburst, which commonly determines susceptibility of deciduous hosts to O. brumata, was unrelated to density, and pupal predators were more, not less, abundant in susceptible sites. Although it is difficult to distinguish between factors that initiate outbreaks and those that maintain them, these data suggest that nutrient deficiencies of trees, budburst date, and the distribution of pupal predators of the winter moth cannot explain patterns of outbreak of the winter moth on spruce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317390
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volume regulatory responses in frog isolated proximal cells (1994)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 428 (1994), S. 60-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Volume regulation ; Calcium ; Barium ; DIDS ; Stretch-activated channel ; Protein kinase C
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cells respond to increases in volume by activating solute efflux pathways, resulting in water loss and restoration of the original cell volume. The solute efflux pathways underlying these volume regulatory decrease (VRD) responses have been relatively well studied. However, the transduction pathways whereby the change in cell volume is converted into an intracellular signal resulting in VRD are much less well understood. We have examined VRD in isolated proximal tubule cells from the frog, with particular attention to the roles of stretch-activated channels, Ca2+ and protein kinases. Cell length was taken as an index of cell volume, and was measured continuously using a photodiode array. VRD was observed in approximately 50% of cells, and was inhibited by Ba2+, Gd3+ and 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene 2,2′-disulphonic acid (DIDS), and removal of extracellular Ca2+. VRD was accelerated by the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and the phosphatase inhibitor F−; on the other hand, VRD was prolonged by 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (PDC), an inactive phorbol ester), and inhibited by PMA and Gd3+, PMA and 0 Ca2+, and staurosporine. Volume regulation was unaffected by di-butyryl cAMP and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthene (IBMX). These data suggest that Ca2+ and PKC, via protein phosphorylation, play a stimulatory role in VRD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374752
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of oxytocin in corpora lutea and luteinized cysts from anoestrous ewes stimulated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (1990)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 262 (1990), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oxytocin ; Corpus luteum ; Luteinized cyst ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ewe (Romney Marsh)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Anoestrous Romney Marsh ewes with or without progesterone pretreatment were injected with multiple low-doses of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone followed by a single, larger bolus. Blood samples were taken at twelve-hourly intervals for progesterone radioimmunoassay. Ewes were slaughtered on day 3 or 5 after the bolus injection, and the ovaries were collected for histology and immunocytochemical examination for oxytocin-immunocreactivity. The corpora lutea of all ewes killed on day 3 had similar weights and morphology. The ovaries of those ewes which were not pretreated with progesterone also contained some luteinized cysts. Ewes slaughtered on day 5 were separated into 2 groups according to plasma progesterone profiles, which were either rising (‘normal’), or falling after a transitory rise (‘abnormal’). Those ewes pretreated with progesterone all had a ‘normal’ progesterone profile whereas, of 14 ewes not pretreated with progesterone, 6 were ‘normal’ and 8 ‘abnormal’. Corpora lutea were significantly lighter in the ‘abnormal’ group and the ovaries of most of these ewes also contained luteinized cysts. All corpora lutea and luteinised cysts showed staining for oxytocin-immunoreactivity although the staining intensity was variable. In corpora lutea from ‘normal’ ewes oxytocin was restricted to large luteal cells. In addition tissues from ‘abnormal’ ewes also contained many cells with an atypical elongated shape which stained for oxytocin-immunoreactivity. These results show that progesterone pretreatment is needed for both normal morphological and endocrine development of corpora lutea in anoestrous ewes stimulated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327757
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