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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations and analysis of resonant laser ablation of GaAs (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 53 (1991), S. 34-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32.80 ; 32.90+1 ; 79.20.Ds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser ablation of solid GaAs samples has been studied using one tunable pulsed dye laser. At relatively low laser power, enhancements of up to several hundred times have been observed in the yield of resonantly ionised Ga using laser wavelengths corresponding to the atomic transition 42 P 1/2-42 D 3/2. The influences of laser power and target geometry, on the ion yield and spectral profile, are discussed. It is argued that the resonant excitation and ionisation processes occur in the gas phase of the atoms ablated from the sample surface, and the observed asymmetric spectral profile results from laser-induced collisional processes, e.g., optical collisions, under conditions of relatively high atomic density in the interaction region. Potential applications are foreseen for resonant laser ablation in trace analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325480
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cell Biology of Acute Myocardial Ischemia (1991)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 42 (1991), S. 225-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.001301
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The IgA and subclass IgG responses and protection in mice immunised with influenza antigens administered as ISCOMS, with FCA, ALH or as infectious virus (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 125 (1992), S. 71-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Comparative studies on the local IgA, and circulating IgG subclass antibody responses of mice to A/Sichuan/2/87 (H3N2) influenza virus surface antigens administered with different carrier or delivery systems by the parenteral route, were carried out. The results obtained were compared with the responses observed following live influenza virus infection, and the protection afforded to these animals by these various preparations determined. Infection with live virus elicited early and high levels of protection against homologous virus challenge and this correlated with both local IgA and circulating IgG2a antibody levels. When incorporated into immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMS), A/Sichuan surface antigens promoted high levels of local IgA and circulating IgG1 antibody, and achieved a more rapid and more solid immunity against homologous virus challenge infection, than that elicited by the same surface antigens administered alone or together with Freund's complete adjuvant or alhydrogel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309629
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute and latent infection of mice immunised with HSV-1 ISCOM vaccine (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 125 (1992), S. 87-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of immunisation with an HSV-1 antigen preparation (containing at least 6 viral glycoproteins) on primary infection with HSV and the establishment of latency, was assessed in two mouse models (involving either skin or corneal challenge with virus). The vaccine preparation, given either with Freunds complete adjuvant or aluminium hydroxide gel or in the form of immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMS), induced high ELISA antibody responses (highest with HSV as the ISCOM preparation) and low levels of neutralising antibody. In both models, immunisation with the HSV ISCOM preparation significantly reduced the incidence of zosteriform spread of virus and the severity of disease and, in some cases, the incidence of latent infection in sensory ganglia. In the eye model it was possible to show that immunisation with the HSV ISCOMS restricted the establishment of latency almost entirely to the ophthalmic part of the trigeminal ganglion. Protection from establishment of latency correlated with prechallenge antibody levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309630
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A nonlinear model of the solar dynamo (1993)
    Springer
    Solar physics 143 (1993), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The role of nonlinearity is explored in a mean-field dynamo model. Magnetic fields are amplified by the combined action of the α andω-effects, and as the field's intensity increases the Lorentz force becomes important. Torsional oscillations and meridional circulations are driven by the Lorentz force, and the oscillations are consistent with those measured on the surface of the Sun. The torsional oscillations feedback in the induction equation and saturate the magnetic field's growth by quenching differential rotation. This model can also help us understand the processes responsible for the range of periods seen in the activity cycles of other stars like the Sun.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619093
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theor of free choice permission (1994)
    Springer
    Topoi 13 (1994), S. 3-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8749
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract I argue that the conjunctive distribution of permissibility over ‘or’, which is a puzzling feature of free-choice permission is just one instance of a more general class of conjunctive occurrences of the word, and that these conjunctive uses are more directly explicable by the consideration that ‘or’ is a descendant of ‘oper’ than by reference to the disjunctive occurrences which logicalist prejudices may tempt us to regard as semantically more fundamental. I offer an account of how the disjunctive uses of ‘or’ may have come about through an intermediate discourse-adverbial use of ‘or’, drawing a parallel with ‘but’, which, etymologically, is disjunctive rather than conjunctive and whose conjunctive uses seem to represent just such a discourse-adverbial application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00763643
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The implementation and application of precursor-ion scanning using a four-sector instrument (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 6 (1992), S. 272-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Precursor-ion scanning, in which all ions that fragment to form a selected product ion are detected, has been implemented on a four-sector instrument. The various experimental parameters associated with the experiment i.c., prcursor mass range, product and precursor ion resolution, collision energy and mass-measurement accuracy have been established via a series of experiments, Brief examples of the use of the technique in the characterization of synthetic polymers, quaternary salts and peptieds are described together with the analysis of a mixture of phthalate esters.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290060410
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of tandem mass spectrometry as a problem-solving tool in the industrial environment (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 454-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper deals with a number of the benefits associated with a variety of tandem mass spectrometer geometries and the way in which these configurations have been applied to the solution of real problems. It discusses the use made of a variety of tandem mass spectrometry approaches to the study of analytical problems of industrial relevance. ICIs utilization of tandem mass spectrometry has grown substantially from an initial involvement in the early 1980s to a point where a number of instruments have been installed and used predominantly for trace analysis, structural studies and in the characterization of complex mixtures. We have selected a small number of examples of the use of the various tandem mass spectrometry approaches emphasizing the unique features of the technique.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290041025
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of amorphous carbon films by 13C CP MAS NMR spectroscopy (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 31 (1993), S. 1205-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: plasma polymers ; CP MAS NMR ; dipolar dephasing experiments ; lineshape analysis ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 13C CP MAS NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize α-C:H materials generated from methane and hydrogen mixtures using a microwave plasma. Dipolar dephasing experiments indicate a range of Tdd making quantification of quaternary “diamond”-like carbons difficult. Unconstrained lineshape analysis is not suitable for the deconvolution of the NMR spectra, but linewidth constrained analyses gave reasonable results. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1993.090310915
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