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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 2381-2386 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A review on low-charge state high-efficiency ion sources used at on-line isotope separators (ISOL) is given. These sources for which the efficiency is optimized, can be distinguished from ion sources used at, e.g., accelerators where essentially the output current is optimized. Recent developments conducted to meet the special requirements necessary for on-line ion sources−high efficiency, selectivity, and short delay times−are presented and new ionization schemes like ECR sources or laser resonant photo ionization, implemented during recent years at ISOL systems, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.77 ; 07.80 ; 32.80 F ; 14.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report here on the development of a high-temperature laser ion source useful for trace analysis and other applications. It consists of a high temperature ionization chamber, three tunable dye lasers pumped by copper vapor lasers for stepwise resonant ionization and a Mattauch-Herzog mass spectrometer for the analysis of photo-ions. The principle of the laser ion source and its theoretical efficiency are discussed, where the efficiency of a laser ion source is the ratio of photo-ions extracted out to the number of atoms introduced into the cavity. Experimentally, an efficiency of 2×10−3 has been achieved for technetium. The scheme of gated detection is described which is used for suppressing isobaric background of molybdenum. The possible improvements are briefly mentioned for achieving isotopic analysis of 108 atoms of 97,98Tc in the presence of 1015 atoms of molybdenum, as separated chemically from molybdenum ore. Such an analysis of technetium isotopes produced in molybdenite ore by a (v,e −) reaction, is expected to yield information about the solar neutrino flux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Dr ; 23.40.−s ; 27.60.+j
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract With a summation-free β+-endpoint spectrometer the β+-decay energies of104Sn,147Tb,148, 149Dy,149Ho,150Er, and151Tm were remeasured with improved accuracy. Combined with known proton and alpha decay energies, the resulting QEC values lead to atomic masses of very neutron-deficient isotopes including nuclei beyond the proton drip-line such as109I and113Cs. Furthermore, the Gamow-Tellerβ-strength of the even-even nuclei104Sn,148Dy, and150Er is reevaluated with reduced uncertainty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 375 (1990), S. 326-329 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Esophageal carcinoma ; Bronchoscopy ; Bronchial carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Von 1980–1987 wurden 95 Patienten mit einem Ösophaguskarzinom bronchoskopiert. Bei 67 Patienten (70,5%) wurde ein regelrechter Befund erhoben. 24 Patienten (25,3%) zeigten in der Bronchoskopie indirekte Zeichen des Tumorwachstums and 4 Patienten (4,2%) eine direkte Tumorinfiltration. Die Korrelation der Tumorausdehnung mit dem bronchoskopischen Befund ergab eine deutliche Zunahme pathologischer bronchoskopischer Befunde bei einer Tumorlönge über 5 cm. Ösophaguskarzinome im proximalen Drittel waren etwa doppelt so hdufig mit pathologischen bronchoskopischen Befunden korreliert wie Karzinome im mittleren Drittel. Bei 5 Patienten (5,3%) sicherte die Bronchoskopie ein bis dahin unbekanntes zusdtzliches Bronchialkarzinom. Insgesamt wurden 67 der 95 Patienten einer operatven Therapie unterzogen. In 59 Fdllen erfolgte die Ösophagusresektion, bei 8 Patienten war lediglich eine Bypassoperation möglich. Die Operationsrate betrug im Kollektiv der bronchoskopischen Normalbefunde 77,6%. Dagegen waren nur die Hdlfte der Patienten mit einem pathologischen bronchoskopischen Befund operabel, die übrigen Patienten erhielten eine Strahlentherapie. Wir halten die Bronchoskopie wegen ihres Beitrages zur Kldrung der Operabilität bei Ösophaguskarzinomen and wegen der relativ hohen Rate von synchronen Neoplasien für eine sinnvolle Zusatzuntersuchung.
    Notes: Summary Between 1980 and 1987 95 patients with esophageal carcinoma had a bronchoscopy. In 67 patients (70.5%) no pathological findings could be detected. In 24 patients (25.3%) signs of impingement were present and in 4 patients (4.2%) tumor infiltration into the tracheobronchial tree was visible. The correlation between tumor length and bronchoscopic findings revealed a marked increase of direct and indirect tumor evidence in esophageal carcinomas of more than 5 cm in length. Pathologic bronchoscopic findings were detected twice as often in patients with carcinoma of the upper third of the esophagus in comparison with those of the middle third. In 5 patients (5.3%) bronchoscopy revealed an unknown additional bronchial carcinoma. 67 of the 95 patients underwent operation. In 59 patients the esophagus was resected. Among the normal bronchoscopic findings the operability rate was 77.6%. In contrast, only half of the patients with pathological bronchoscopic findings were operable, the other patients received radiotherapy. We recommend, therefore, preoperative bronchoscopy as an important investigation for assessment of operability and for evaluation of synchronous neoplasms in patients with an esophageal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 35.10.F ; 21.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report here on the measurement of isotope shift and hyperfine splitting of190, 191, 193, 197Pb for the 723 nm atomic optical transition. Detailed analysis of the optical data has been done by combining them with the available muonic and electronicx-ray isotope shift data. The magnetic dipole moments and the electric quadrupole moments of the odd isotopes have been extracted from the hyperfine coupling constants of the atomic states involved in the optical transition used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.40.Hc ; 21.10.Dr ; 21.10.Pc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Within the framework of a systematic study of 0+→1+ Β-transitions in the100Sn region, the decay of the neutrondeficient isotope102Cd was investigated. This isotope was produced in16O+92Mo and58Ni+50Cr heavy-ion reactions and in proton-induced spallation ofnatSn, and mass-separated samples were prepared by means of the GSI and the ISOLDE on-line mass separators, respectively. Observations of X-rays,γ-rays, and conversion-electrons studies have led to an improved102Cd→102Ag decay scheme which includes six 0+→1+ Gamow-Teller transitions. The half-life of102Cd was redetermined with higher accuracy to be 345±8 s. Using a Si(Li)-BGO-Ge spectrometer, theΒ + endpoint energy of the main decay component was measured, yielding aQ EC value of 2587±8 keV. This very small uncertainty ofQ EC, combined with the improved knowledge of half-life and decay scheme, allows an accurate determination of the observed Gamow-Teller decay strengthB Σ (GT)=1.513±0.055 for102Cd. This result is discussed in comparison with predictions from model calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Theα-branching ratios (b α ) of192,190,188Pb are measured using mass-separated sources. Different experimental set-ups are used — one detector as well as two detector set-ups — thereby detecting theα particles from the parent and/or viaα decay formed daughter nuclei, theβ-delayed gamma radiation from the parent and/or viaβ decay formed daughter nuclei and the Tl KX rays from electron capture decay. Values forb α of 6.2(6) 10−5 and 4.0(4) 10-3 were found for192,190Pb respectively. For188Pb, limits on theb α values were obtained: 0.03〈b α 〈0.10. A careful analysis of the previously reportedb α values showed that the discrepancies in theb α values were not due to inadequate correction procedures, as was suggested, but to experimental uncertainties in the efficiency determination of the different detection set-ups and to an unreliableβ-decay scheme for188Pb. Theb α obtained in this work show that the leadα decay is not faster than the Hgα decay and that there is no need to assume a disappearance of theZ=82 shell closure halfway betweenN=82 andN=126.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 27.70.+q ; 23.20.−g
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The neutron-rich isotope179Yb was produced by using the multinucleon transfer reactions 11.6 MeV/u136Xe+Re and 11.4 MeV/u197Au+W. The isotope identification was achieved by combining mass-separation and decay spectroscopy. A decay scheme was constructed including a new isomeric state in179Lu with a half-life of 3.1(9) ms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 35.10.F ; 21.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The hyperfine structure, isotope and isomeric shifts in the atomic transition 6p 2 P 3/2−7s 2 S 1/2, λ=535 nm have been measured for theI=7 andI=2 states of190, 192, 194, 196Tl; theI=1/2 andI=9/2 states of191Tl and the I=7 isomer of188Tl. The thallium isotopes were prepared as fast atomic beams at the GSI on-line mass separator following fusion reactions and — in some cases — subsequentβ-decay. The nuclear dipole moments, electric quadrupole moments and the change in the nuclear mean square charge radius are evaluated. Theuu-isotopes show an isomeric shift which changes sign between192Tl and194Tl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 345 (1993), S. 21-27 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 23.20.Ck ; 27.70.+q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Theα decay of mass-separated188Pb and180,182Hg has been studied at the GSI on-line mass separator. Alpha singles spectra as well asα-X-t andα-e-t coincidence events were collected. Fine structure in theα decay of188Pb was measured for the first time, feeding the 21 + and 02 + states in184Hg. Theα decay of180,182Hg feeds low-lying states in176−178Pt. One of these states could be identified as a 0+ state. The deexcitation pattern could be established. As a by-product an alpha-decay scheme of180Au towards levels in176Ir is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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