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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphatic Targeting of Polymeric Nanoparticles After Intraperitoneal Administration in Rats (1992)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 9 (1992), S. 1534-1539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: lymphatic targeting ; intraperitoneal administration ; polyacrylic nanoparticles ; rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Following intraperitoneal administration, the lymphatic targeting of polyacrylic nanoparticles has been evaluated in thoracic duct cannulated rats. The dosage forms administered consisted of carbon-14 polyhexylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (PHCA) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanoparticles. The carbon-14 concentrations were much higher in the excreted thoracic lymph than in the blood for both types of particles. The most dramatic results were found in the mediastinal nodes since the carbon-14 concentrations of rats receiving PHCA and PMMA nanoparticles by the ip route were 70-to more than 2000-fold higher than in the corresponding nodes of animals treated by the intravenous route. This potential lymphatic targeting could prove valuable in cancerology to treat tumors that metastasize in the peritoneal cavity or via lymphatic pathways such as colon carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015895804597
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phagocytosis of Nanoparticles by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HlV)-Infected Macrophages: A Possibility for Antiviral Drug Targeting (1992)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 9 (1992), S. 541-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: nanoparticles ; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ; macrophage ; drug targeting ; phagocytosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Human monocytes/macrophages (MO/MAC) were isolated from peripheral blood and cultivated on hydrophobic Teflon membranes. This culture system is suitable for HIV infection of MO/MAC in vitro. After transfer into 24-well plates the mature macrophages (infected or uninfected) were used for measurements of phagocytosis. The uptake of different, radioactively labeled nanoparticles (NP) made of polyalkylcyanoacrylate, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and human serum albumin (HSA) by the macrophages was determined. In addition, the influence on phagocytosis of size and composition, concentration, and surface of the NP was studied. Further, macrophages of different state of activation were tested. NP made of polyhexylcyanoacrylate (PHCA) or human serum albumin with a diameter of about 200 nm were found most useful for targeting antiviral substances such as azidotymidine to macrophages. Cells infected in vitro with HIV-1D117/III, a monocytotropic HIV isolate from a perinatally infected child, possessed an even higher phago-cytotic activity than noninfected cells. Macrophages isolated from HIV-infected patients also showed good incorporation of NP. Thus, the concept of a specific targeting of antiviral substances to macrophages in HIV-infected individuals appears quite promising.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015852732512
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Aspects of an Ophthalmic Pilocarpine Nanoparticle-Delivery-System (1994)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 11 (1994), S. 1435-1442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: pilocarpine ; glaucoma ; nanoparticles ; betamethasone ; miosis ; intraocular pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The regional pharmacokinetics as well as the pharmacodynamics of pilocarpine-loaded nanoparticles for the treatment of glaucoma were investigated and compared to a solution of this drug. Poiybutylcy-anoacrylate nanoparticles were prepared by an emulsion polymerization process. Formulations with different drug concentrations (2–6%) as well as different particle concentrations were investigated and analyzed for size and drug loading. Drug binding to the particles was achieved at a level of 10–18% of the total drug content. The colloidal nanoparticles were sufficiently small (diameter: 100–300 nm) for a non-irritating application to the eye. All preparations were applied to the eyes of New Zealand white rabbits which were treated with betamethasone before to create an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Pilocarpine concentrations, assayed from aqueous humor using gaschromatography, increased by 23% (AUC) for nanoparticle suspensions compared to aqueous reference solutions. Additionally, t1/2 was prolonged and the elimination coefficient was significantly decreased. Pharmacodynamic effects such as miosis and IOP reduction were investigated. tmax values of aqueous humor concentration were observed to be in a similar time range as miosis tmax readings. It was found that at lower drug contents a more pronounced prolongation of miosis was achieved with nanoparticles versus a standard solution. The lOP-reduction was significantly prolonged with nanoparticles preparations; whereas maximum reduction was obtained with a reference solution after 1–2 hours, it was reached with nanoparticles at about 2–3 hours. Differences between nanoparticles and aqueous solutions were most pronounced at lower drug concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018995923348
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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