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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genomic DNA sequence and organization of a TL-like gene in the grc-G/C region of the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 35 (1992), S. 365-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Genes in the grc-G/C region, which is linked to the rat major histocompatibility complex, influence the control of growth, development, and susceptibility to chemical carcinogens. As an initial approach to analyzing the structure and organization of these genes, a class I hybridizing fragment designated RT(5.8) was isolated from an R21 genomic DNA library and sequenced from overlapping restriction enzyme fragments. The RT(5.8) clone has 5788 base pairs and contains the eight exons characteristic of a class I gene. There are CAAT and TATA boxes upstream of the signal peptide, and the recognition sequence that precedes the site of polyadenylation is located downstream from the third cytoplasmic domain. Comparison of the RT(5.8) gene with respect class I genes from the rat and other species shows that the nucleotide sequences of RT(5.8) have a high level of similarity to those of TL region genes of several strains of mice. The peptide sequence deduced from the RT(5.8) clone is distinct from all previously published class I gene sequences, and at many positions there are amino acid residues that are unique to the RT(5.8) sequence. Probes have been isolated from the third exon and from the 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the RT(5.8) clone, and Southern blot analysis with genomic DNA of various rat strains shows that these probes are specific for the RT(5.8) fragment. Northern blot analysis shows that the gene is transcribed in the thymus but not in the liver or spleen. The RT(5.8) sequence is more similar to some mouse TL genes (especially in the α2 and cytoplasmic domains and in the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions) than it is to other rat class I genes. Hence, TL-like genes are not restricted to the mouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00179792
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and analysis of the rat placental class I cDNA clone encoding the Pa antigen (1990)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 31 (1990), S. 326-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The previously sequenced cDNA clone pARL 5 was recloned into the mammalian expression vector pcEXV3, and transient and permanent transfectants were prepared in COS7 green monkey kidney fibroblasts. The transfectants were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies raised in specifically selected rat strain combinations. These studies showed that pARI.5 encodes the Pa antigen and that the Pa molecule is distinct from the Aa molecule. Probes were derived from the pARL5 clone and used to study the genomic DNA from Pa-positive and Pa-negative strains. Two probes derived from the 3' untranslated region (3′apARI.5 and 3′bpARI.5) and one probe derived from the 5' region (5′pARI.5) hybridized nonspecifically in all strains under moderate stringency conditions. By contrast, anXba I restriction fragment unique to thePa gene was detected with the (5′pARI.5) probe under high stringency conditions. This probe hybridized with a 1.8 kilobase (kb) fragment in the Pa-positive strains and with a 1.7 kb band in the Pa-negative strains. These studies suggest that the gene encoding the Pa antigen, or a fragment thereof, is present in both Pa-positive and Panegative strains but may not be expressed in the latter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02115006
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical mapping of the MHC and grc by the pulse field electrophoresis (1992)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 35 (1992), S. 166-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The development of the physical map of the major histocompatibility complex of the rat was undertaken using pulse field gel electrophoresis of fragments of genomic DNA from the BIL/2 (grc +) and BIL/1 (grc −) strains obtained primarily from single and double digests with the enzymes Mlu I, Not I, and Sfi I and hybridized with a variety of mouse, rat, and human probes. Both strains are maintained by inbreeding the BIL heterozygote (forced heterozygosity; F31); hence, their differences lie almost entirely in the MHC-grc regions. The MHC-grc region was contained in five fragments of DNA comprising 3000–3200 kilobases (kb); thus, its size appears to be closer to that of the human MHC than to that of the mouse MHC. This didstance may be an underestimate of the size of the entire region, however, because the cluster of class I loci in the RT1.A region could not be defined in detail in this study. The most striking difference between the BIL/2 strain, which has normal growth and reproductive characteristics, and the BIL/1 strain, which has growth and reproductive defects and an enhanced susceptibility to chemical carcinogens, is a deletion of approximately 70 kb in the latter strain. The studies og grc + and grc − strain suggest that the phenotypic defects of the grc − stains may be due to the loss of genes that are normally present in this deleted region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185110
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple TL-like loci in the grc-G/C region of the rat (1994)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 39 (1994), S. 301-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The grc-G/C region of the rat in homologous to the Q/TL region of the mouse, and deletions in this region are associated with fetal mortality, developmental defects, and decreased resistance to cancer. Several cosmids spanning approximately 45 kilobases of this region were analyzed for their class I loci, using a mouse general class I probe (pAG64c), grc-specific probes (pGRC1.4, pGRC1.7), and four probes derived from the TL-like locus RT1.N1. The results showed that TL-like genes other than RT1.N1 exist in the rat: a duplicated gene, RT1.N2, was identified, sequenced, and shown to be 99.3% similar to RT1.N1; and a third TL-like gene, RT1.N3, was isolated from a cDNA library, sequenced, and shown to be 92.8% similar to RT1.N1. These observations suggest that the rat TL-like loci are duplicated and that there is more than one cluster of these duplicated genes. The TL-like genes are transcribed predominantly in the thymus, except in grc-strains, and their level of transcription increases during fetal life and reaches its maximum at birth. Finally, a cosmid that appears to identify the end of the deletion in grc- strains was identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189226
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and expression of the rat class I MHC gene RT1.A l (1994)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 39 (1994), S. 447-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176166
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of the TNFA locus in the rat (1994)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 39 (1994), S. 59-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171798
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathology and cell culture characteristics of liver cells from grc − and grc + rats given diethylnitrosamine (1990)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 6 (1990), S. 205-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: chemical carcinogenesis ; genetics of cancer ; growth and reproduction complex ; MHC-linked genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The histopathological response and cell culture characteristics of liver cells from the R16 (grc −) strain of rats, which carries an MHC-linked deletion, were examined one week after a single intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/ kg body weight diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and were compared with the response of liver cells from wild type (grc+) rats. The DEN exposure induced hydropicl vacuolar changes in the parenchymal cells and a limited proliferation of oval cells in the periportal areas of the livers of both grc+ and grc rats. Primary culture of collagenase-digested livers consisted of parenchymal, bile ductular and oval-related cells as determined by cell-specific immunohistochemistry. Subpassaged cells from grc+ rats exhibited oval cell ultrastructural morphology, inducible histochemical staining for gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and DEN-associated onset of anchorage-independent growth. Primary cultures of liver cells from R16 rats consistently failed to form cell strains upon subpassage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00249594
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