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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitric oxide is not involved in the initiation of insulin secretion from rat islets of Langerhans (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 1020-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Islet of Langerhans ; insulin secretion ; nitric oxide ; cyclic guanosine monophosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The involvement of nitric oxide as an intracellular messenger in the control of insulin secretion from pancreatic Beta cells was studied in rat islets of Langerhans by measuring: (i) nitric oxide generation in response to physiological insulin secretagogues; (ii) the effects of inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis on insulin secretory responses to physiological secretagogues, and on insulin synthesis; (iii) changes in islet cyclic guanosine monophosphate in response to secretagogues; (iv) the effects of exogenous cyclic guanosine monophosphate and dibutyryl cyclic guanosine monophosphate on insulin secretion from electrically permeabilised islets and from intact islets, respectively. These studies produced no evidence that nitric oxide generation is required for the initiation of insulin secretion by common secretagogues. However, the results of our experiments suggest that the generation of nitric oxide may be involved in long-term, glucose-dependent increases in cyclic guanosine monophosphate content of islet cells, although the physiological relevance of these changes requires further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02221676
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcineurin and synaptophysin in the human spinal cord of normal individuals and patients with familial dysautonomia (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 647-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Calcineurin ; Synaptophysin ; Familial dysautonomia ; Spinal cord ; Substantia gelatinosa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report concerns the immunohistochemical demonstration of two neuronal Ca2+-binding proteins, calcineurin and synaptophysin, in the spinal cord of normal controls and from patients with familial dysautonomia. In controls, calcineurin immunoreactivity was highly concentrated in small nerve cells and fibers of the substantia gelatinosa. Synaptophysin immunoreactivity was normally distributed throughout the spinal cord gray matter, being highly concentrated in the substantia gelatinosa, the dorsal nucleus of Clarke and the anterior horn. In patients with familial dysautonomia, no apparent changes in calcineurin immunoreactivity were found in the substantia gelatinosa. By contrast, there was a significant depletion of synaptophysin-positive axon terminals in the substantia gelatinosa and in the dorsal nucleus of Clarke of patients with familial dysautonomia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294243
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of three patients with the “ring syndrome”, including familial transmission of ring 5, and estimation of reproductive risks (1990)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 85 (1990), S. 516-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report three cases of ring chromosome 5 [r(5)], two familial (mother and daughter) and one sporadic. The phenotype resembled that of the “ring syndrome” with prenatal onset of short stature, growth retardation, mild facial dysmorphism and normal psychomotor development. Extended metaphase and prometaphase chromosome preparations using G-, R- and Q-banding and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) failed to demonstrate deletion in the ring 5. Flow karyotype using the FACS cell sorter and peak area analysis showed the r(5) to be in the same position as the normal chromosome 5. The deletion that is presumably associated with ring formation appears to involve less that one megabase of DNA. In the “complex” rings, high resolution SEM showed fragile sites at the 5q34 and 5q35 region with frequent deletions at that site. A literature survey suggests that when a parent carries a ring chromosome about 80% of recognised pregnancies result in live birth. Of these, about half have a normal phenotype and karyotype, and half inherit the parental ring; about half of those acquiring the ring (20%) show significant mental retardation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194228
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical studies of impulse propagation in serotonergic axons (1992)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 66 (1992), S. 399-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Impulse propagation in small-diameter (1–3 μm) axons with inhomogeneous geometry was simulated. The fibres were represented by a series of 3 μm-long compartments. The cable equation was solved for each compartment by a finite-difference approximation (Cooley and Dodge 1966). First-order differential equations governing temporal changes in membrane potential or Hodgkin-Huxley (1952) conductance parameters were solved by numerical integration. It was assumed that varicosity and intervaricosity segments had the same specific cable constants and excitability properties, and differed only in length and diameter. A single long varicosity or a ‘clump’ of 3 μm-long varicosities changed the point-to-point (axial) conduction velocity within as well as to either side of the geometrically inhomogeneous regions. When 2 μm-diameter, 3 μm-long varicosities were distributed over the 1 μm-diameter fiber length as observed in serotonergic axons, mean axial conduction velocity was between that of uniform-diameter 1 and 2 μm fibers, and changed predictably with different cable parameters. Fibers with inexcitable varicosity membranes also supported impulse propagation. These simulations provided a general theoretical basis for the slow (〈 1 M/s) conduction velocity attributed to small-diameter unmyelinated varicose axons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197719
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopic simulation of chemical oscillations in homogeneous systems (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 5747-5750 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A microscopic computer experiment is set up to investigate the statistical properties of far from equilibrium homogeneous chemical systems undergoing instabilities. Sustained periodic behavior of limit cycle type is observed. Both the frequency and the amplitude of the oscillations are found to be in good agreement with the macroscopic description. A comparison with the stochastic theory of chemical systems based on master equation formalism is also carried out. The dynamical and static correlation functions obtained by these two procedures are in very good agreement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459568
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A longitudinal study of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine the longitudinal changes in the incidence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy.Design A prospective study of women during pregnancy.Setting A District General Hospital in North-West London.Subject Seven hundred and eighteen pregnant women attending antenatal clinics. At their first attendance and subsequently, Gram-stained vaginal smears were examined and Mycoplasma hominis and Gardnerella vaginalis were sought by culture.Results Initially, 87 (12%) women had bacterial vaginosis diagnosed on Gram-stained reading of the vaginal smears. Examination of further smears, obtained from 176 women at 36 weeks of gestation, showed that those whose vaginal flora was normal initially, and who went to term, rarely developed vaginosis (three of 127, 2.4%). Samples were obtained at 36 weeks gestation from 32 women who had bacterial vaginosis initially, and went to term. In almost 50% (15 of 32) of these a normal lactobacillus-dominated flora had regenerated. Thirty-five women (5%) had initial vaginal smears graded as intermediate. From this group, six of the 17 (35%) women from whom samples were obtained at 36 weeks gestation still had flora of an intermediate pattern; 10 (59%) now had normal flora and only one (6%) had developed bacterial vaginosis. Women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to be culture-positive for M. hominis than those with normal flora (34/78 versus 10/563, odds ratio 42.73 (18.9 to 102.3) P 〈 0.001), or to be culture-positive for G. vaginalis than those with normal flora (35/78 versus 21/563, odds ratio 21.0 (10.75 to 41.2) P 〈 0.001).Conclusion Pregnant women do not commonly develop bacterial vaginosis after 16 weeks gestation, and if present, it remits spontaneously in approximately half of those who reach term. As bacterial vaginosis is associated with increased rates of second trimester miscarriage and preterm delivery, any treatment aimed at its eradication in pregnancy should be given no later than the beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13580.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Final report of the Medical Research Council/Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Multicentre Randomised Trial of Cervical Cerclage (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To assess whether cervical cerclage in women deemed to be at increased risk of cervical incompetence prolongs pregnancy and thereby improves fetal and neonatal outcome.Design Multicentre randomised controlled trial.Setting Hospitals in the United Kingdom, France, Hungary, Norway, Italy, Belgium, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Iceland, Ireland, the Netherlands and Canada.Subjects One thousand two hundred and ninety-two pregnant women whose obstetricians were uncertain whether to recommend cervical cerclage, most of whom had a history of early delivery or cervical surgery.Interventions Cervical cerclage was compared with a policy of withholding the operation unless it was considered to be clearly indicated.Main outcome measures Delivery before 33 completed weeks, preterm delivery (〈37 weeks), and vital status of the baby after completion of the pregnancy.Results The overall preterm delivery rate was 28%. There were fewer deliveries before 33 weeks in the cerclage group (83 (13%) compared with 110 (17%), P=0.03) and this difference reflected deliveries characterised by features of cervical incompetence (painless cervical dilatation and prelabour rupture of the membranes). There was a corresponding difference in very low birthweight deliveries (63 (10%) compared with 86 (13%), P=0.05). The difference in the overall rate of miscarriage, stillbirth or neonatal death (55 (9%) compared with 68 (11%)) was less marked and was not statistically significant. The use of cervical cerclage was associated with increased medical intervention and a doubling of the risk of puerperal pyrexia.Conclusions These results suggest that the operation had an important beneficial effect in 1 in 25 cases in the trial (95% confidence interval (CI) 1 in 12 to 1 in 300 sutures). Its use is associated with increased medical intervention and puerperal pyrexia. Nevertheless, this trial suggests that, on balance, cervical cerclage should be offered to women at high risk, such as those with a history of three or more pregnancies ending before 37 weeks gestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15300.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shoulder dystocia: what happens at the next delivery? (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13193.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple-quantum NMR study of the distribution of benzene in NaY zeolite (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 96 (1992), S. 8517-8522 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100200a057
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR study of the distribution of aromatic molecules in NaY zeolite (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 95 (1991), S. 303-310 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100154a056
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