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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle end loss in the edge plasma of a field-reversed configuration (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 3649-3655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Plasma parameters, particle end loss flux, flow velocity, and pressure are measured using a radial array of magnetic probes and directional electrostatic probes, in order to investigate particle loss processes in the edge layer of a field-reversed configuration (FRC). A plasma flow toward the end region is detected outside the separatrix between the axial midplane and the end region. The exhaust flow is also found in the end region. These results imply that particles are lost radially across the separatrix and then axially to the end. Measured flow velocity in the end region agrees within an error of 20% with the fluid-theory prediction, in which isentropy and axial momentum balance along magnetic flux tubes are assumed. The existence of the sonic condition in the end region is also suggested, analogous to ordinary fluid flow in a nozzle. The magnetic flux embedded in the edge layer of the confinement region and in the end region agrees within an error of 30%. These results indicate the applicability of the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) theory for particle end loss. The end loss time along the open field agrees with the MHD prediction within an error of 20%. The measured particle loss flux from the end region is explained by the MHD theory within an error of 20%. The plasma outside the separatrix is considered to behave as hydrodynamic flow through the magnetic loss channel, contrary to the previous work [L. C. Steinhaur, Phys. Fluids 29, 3379 (1986)]. It seems that the magnetic mirror field improves the particle confinement in the edge plasma of the FRC and thus assist the FRC confinement as previously predicted [Slough et al., Nucl. Fusion 24, 1537 (1984)]. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873083
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical simulation of magnetic compression on a field-reversed configuration plasma (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 4672-4678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of an axial magnetic compression on a field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma is carried out for the parameter range of a corresponding experiment conducted on the FRC Injection Experiment (FIX) [S. Okada et al., 17th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference 1998 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna) (in press)]. The simulation results show that during the initial stage of the magnetic compression the front part of the FRC plasma is mainly compressed radially, and that after this stage, the compression is primarily axial. Of particular interest is expected that the closed magnetic flux surfaces of the FRC can be retained without any degradation during the magnetic compression process. Further, it is observed in the simulation that the axial magnetic compression enables a transition of the MHD equilibrium from a long and thin to a short and fat FRC. The effects of this magnetic compression on FRC plasmas are discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873753
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new protective film for magneto-optical TbFeCo media (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3326-3328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new protective film, Tb-SiO2, was developed to increase the lifetime of TbFeCo magneto-optical disks. Since Tb, a rare-earth metal, is quite easily oxidizable, an efficient protective layer is essential to assure the stability of magneto-optical disks. Given that vacuum-deposited SiO2 film acts as an oxidation-inducing layer, unlike SiO2 on a thermally oxidized silicon wafer, we invented a new protective film, Tb-SiO2, in which Tb is intended to trap active oxygen in the vacuum-deposited SiO2. The results were excellent and we estimate the lifetime of TbFeCo disks with Tb-SiO2 as an underlayer and overlayer, at more than 20 years at 40 °C, 90% relative humidity. The properties and protection effects of Tb-SiO2 are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338896
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of the density profile of a field-reversed configuration plasma from detailed interferometric measurements (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 4625-4631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to obtain a detailed density profile of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma, fast-response multichannel heterodyne quadrature interferometers are constructed. Using these interferometers and assuming a rigid-body radial shift motion of the plasma, a spatially fine-grained line integrated density (∫ n dl) profile at its axial midplane is measured. A radial density profile n(r) is reduced from spline fitting of ∫ n dl. The n(r) is found to be nearly an even function of u(=r2/R2−1, R is the magnetic axis radius) as expected. The n(r) is also obtained by the fitting of a line integral of a model n(r) consisting of a modified rigid rotor (RR) profile which can describe the density steepening near the separatrix of the FRC plasma. When the plasma is fat (xs =separatrix radius/coil inner radius=0.63), the density profile is very near to the RR profile itself given by sech2 (Ku), where K is a constant. When the plasma is slender (xs =0.43), the modification is somewhat pronounced. In both cases n(r) at r=R is flatter but near to the RR profile, and the scale length of the density gradient at the separatrix is about twice the ion gyroradius. Detailed error analyses of the fitting parameters are done to show the range of allowed profiles. Although the fitting is accomplished very well (root-mean-square excursion of the fitted ∫ n dl from the measured one is from 1.9% to 2.5%), much variation of n(r) is still possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343260
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of a novel ion energy spectrum f(E(parallel),E⊥) analyzer in measurements of plasma flow in a magnetic mirror throat : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 853-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The new ion energy analyzer is developed to measure the energy distribution function f(E(parallel),E⊥) of ions lost along the confinement magnetic field [M. Okubo et al., J. Plasma Fusion Res. 70, 1102 (1994)]. The end-loss ions have larger E⊥ components compared with their E(parallel) components in the magnetic mirror throat. In this case, the ion energy distribution function is distorted because of the incident angle dependency of the retarding grid transmission. We try to compensate a measured energy distribution function by calculated grid transmission functions. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149446
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a permanent magnet for a high performance undulator : International conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 1842-1844 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new permanent magnet material (NEOMAX-35H) has been designed for generating high brightness synchrotron radiation. Measuring methods of the magnets and their assembly process are also discussed. It has been proved that the NEOMAX-35H magnet is a suitable magnetic material for undulators and wigglers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140918
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulse modulated electron cyclotron resonance plasma for chemical vapor deposition of diamond films (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 1602-1604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Pulse operation of electron cyclotron resonance plasma was performed for the fabrication of diamond films by chemical vapor deposition. With square wave amplitude modulation of microwaves at 500 Hz in frequency, the growth rate became twice as large as one of continuous operation with the same microwave power. Time resolved measurement of the optical emission from the pulse modulated plasma was also carried out. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113865
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field-reversed configuration profiles and resistivities inferred from the radial line-integral density profile (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 30 (1987), S. 3574-3578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The beta and magnetic field profiles of field-reversed configurations (FRC's) can be inferred from the radial profile of the line-integral density together with a temperature model. When these profiles are combined with the particle and flux decay times, the plasma resistivities at the field null and separatrix can also be deduced. This method is applied to a class of FRC's formed in the FRX-C/LSM device [in Proceedings of the Seventh US–Japan Workshop on Compact Toroid Research, 1985 (Spectra Technology, Inc., Bellevue, WA, 1985), p. 33; in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1986 (IAEA, Vienna, 1986), Vol. 2, p. 673]. The inferred beta profile shows an average beta that is larger than expected for elongated FRC equilibria in a straight coil, indicating that the FRC equilibrium is influenced by the mirror fields at the ends of the coil. The resistivity at the separatrix is consistent with classical plus lower hybrid drift resistivity, while the resistivity at the field null is anomalous and larger than that at the separatrix by about a factor of 3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866438
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of the electrical resistivity in field-reversed configuration plasmas from detailed interferometric measurements (1989)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 2422-2429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrical resistivity at the magnetic axis η(R) and at the separatrix η(rs) of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma produced by theta pinch machines are estimated from detailed interferometric measurements, assuming that the temperature is uniform within the separatrix. The ratio f0[=η(R)/η(rs)] increases with the beta value at the separatrix βs, which is consistent with the fact that f0 decreases when xs (separatrix radius normalized by the inner radius of a theta pinch coil) increases [Phys. Fluids 28, 888 (1985)]. This tendency is a natural consequence of the transport properties of the FRC plasma when the particle confinement time is nearly equal to the decay time of the trapped reversed magnetic flux, as is normally the case. Theoretical expectations of the anomaly of η(rs) over the classical resistivity η0 increases and decreases slightly with βs for the case of the lower hybrid drift and the low-frequency drift instability, respectively. On the other hand, the observed η(rs)/η0 decreases substantially with βs. [The value of η(rs)/η0 changes from about 15 to 5 as βs changes from 0.45 to 0.6.]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859177
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantioselective addition of dialkylzincs to aldehydes promoted by chiral amino alcohols. Mechanism and nonlinear effect (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 111 (1989), S. 4028-4036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a040
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