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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1985-1989  (6)
  • 1960-1964  (1)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Density profile of the ablating plasma produced by soft x-ray irradiation : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 653-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Indirect/direct-hybrid irradiation has been proposed for suppressing the initial imprint of laser-irradiation nonuniformities. Indirect soft x-ray preirradiation of the target generates a plasma expansion layer on the target surface. When the drive laser beam comes later, the target has a substantial stand-off distance between the ablation front and the beam absorption region, in which the thermal smoothing effect is expected to take place, and then, the initial imprint of the laser irradiation nonuniformities can be significantly reduced. Stand-off distance is of great importance in the imprint mitigation. We measured the preformed plasma profile by using the x-ray side-on backlighting method. The preformed plasma was backlit by x rays and imaged onto an x-ray streak camera. The scale length of the preformed plasma was found to increase with duration of the soft x-ray irradiation. The expansion velocity was found to be 6×105 cm/s at an x-ray irradiation of 1×1011 W/cm2. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1315644
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of ion energy and arrival rate on x-ray crystallographic properties of thin ZrOx films prepared on Si(111) substrate by ion-beam assisted deposition (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 3773-3775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Thin zirconium oxide films, formed on Si(111) substrate by ion-beam assisted deposition, have been investigated by x-ray diffractometry with respect to the microstructure of the films, such as preferred orientation, interplanar spacing, crystallite size. The results of the interplanar spacing and diffraction intensity analysis could be interpreted in terms of relative amount of Zr4+ ions estimated by analyses of Zr 3d x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra for the films. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1286108
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dependence of magnetic properties of Co-Pt films on sputtering conditions (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4022-4024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Magnetic properties, Young's modulus, and corrosion resistance of Co-Pt films deposited by targets-facing type of sputtering (TFTS) have been investigated. The films deposited at a Ar gas pressure PAr of 2 mTorr present good surface smoothness and dense texture. The c axis of the hexagonal crystallites in the film orients normal to the film plane. The films have nearly the same value of Young's modulus (≈17×1011 dyn/cm2) as that of the bulk Co-Pt alloy. On the other hand, the films deposited at PAr of 30 mTorr exhibit rough surface and columnar structure and do not exhibit any preferred orientation of crystallites. In addition, they have a small value of Young's modulus (≈5×1011 dyn/cm2) and poor corrosion resistance compared with the film deposited at low PAr. They have coercive force Hc larger than 1 kOe, which is mainly caused by their porous structure. Besides, the Co-Pt films have large in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, which is caused by both dc magnetic field applied to substrate during deposition and oblique incidence of sputtered particles upon substrate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334658
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of additional element (Fe, Zr, Ta) for Co-Cr films deposited by targets facing type of sputtering (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4019-4021 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In order to improve both magnetic properties and wear resistance of Co-Cr films for perpendicular magnetic recording media, the effect of the addition of a small amount of Fe, Zr, and Ta to the Co-Cr binary alloy films has been investigated. They were deposited with a targets facing type sputtering (TFTS) apparatus. (i) The addition of a small amount of Fe (〈5 at. %) causes a significant decrease of the effective perpendicular magnetic anisotropy K⊥ (K⊥=Ku−2πM2s). The K⊥ has a negative value at Fe content above 1 at. %. Consequently, the recording characteristics become worse as Fe content increases. (ii) The addition of Zr leads to a remarkable decrease of grain size and improvement of surface smoothness along with an increase of wear resistance. It also causes evident decrease in Ku and saturation magnetization Ms. However, both K⊥ and remanence ratio Mr⊥/Mr(parallel) are increased by the addition of a small amount of Zr up to 0.5 at. %, though they decrease steeply with further increase of Zr content above 1 at. %. (iii) The addition of Ta shows almost the same tendency as Zr for the film structure and wear resistance. It also causes the decrease of Ku. But the K⊥ increases with an increase of Ta content up to 0.5 at. % and takes nearly constant value at Ta content above 0.5 at. %, since the Ms of the film decreases remarkably as Ta content increases. Mr⊥/Mr(parallel) increases gradually from 2.5 to 3.6 as Ta content increases. Consequently, the addition of a small amount of Ta is effective for improving both recording characteristics and wear resistance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334657
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ba–ferrite thin-film disk for perpendicular magnetic recording (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4040-4042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The authors have prepared Ba–ferrite film disks and evaluated their magnetic read/write characteristics. The c-axis-oriented Ba–ferrite thin films were formed epitaxially on c-axis-oriented ZnO films by means of a targets-facing-type sputtering system. The direction of easy magnetization in the film with perpendicular crystalline anisotropy is almost perpendicular to the film plane. Thus, the perpendicular remanence is more than 60 times as large as the in-plane one. The simple Ba–ferrite films, however, have a coercive force, Hc⊥ above 2 kOe which is too large to write on by means of a conventional head. The substitution of In3+ in the Ba–ferrite films makes the Hc⊥ values decrease to about 1 kOe without increasing the critical temperature, Tcritical, of c-axis orientation. The read/write characteristics of the films were measured with a MnZn–ferrite ring head. The reproduced signal exhibits clear dipulsive waveforms as the dipulse ratio exceeds 0.7. Furthermore, the overwrite ratio decreases below −28 dB for the In3+-substituted Ba-ferrite film disk. The Ba–ferrite film disks have promising potential as a high-density perpendicular magnetic recording medium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334664
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    SECONDARY DEUTERIUM EFFECT IN METHYL RADICALS ADDITION REACTION. STRUCTURE OF THE TRANSITION STATE1 (1961)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 83 (1961), S. 1260-1261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01466a065
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Upregulation of T-Cell-Stimulating Activity of Mycobacteria-Infected Macrophages (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 60 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Macrophages are one of the most abundant host cells to come in contact with mycobacteria. However, the infected macrophages less efficiently stimulate autologous T cells in vitro. We investigated the effect of the induction of phenotypic change of macrophages on the host cell activities by using Mycobacterium leprae as a pathogen. The treatment of macrophages with interferon-γ (IFN-γ), GM-CSF and interleukin-4 deprived macrophages of CD14 antigen expression but instead provided them with CD1a, CD83 and enhanced CD86 antigen expression. These phenotypic features resembled those of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). These macrophage-derived DC-like cells (MACDC) stimulated autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when infected with M. leprae. Further enhancement of the antigen-presenting function and CD1a expression of macrophages was observed when treated with IFN-γ. The M. leprae-infected and -treated macrophages expressed bacterial cell membrane-derived antigens on the surface and were efficiently cytolysed by the cell membrane antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). These results suggest that the induction of phenotypic changes in macrophages can lead to the upregulation of host defence activity against M. leprae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01472.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discovery of an unusual hard X-ray source in the region of supernova 1987A (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 330 (1987), S. 230-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] We have been regularly observing SN1987A from the X-ray astronomy satellite Ginga1'2 since 25 February 1987, immediately following the optical discovery2'3. Ginga carries a set of proportional counters of 4,000 cm2 effective area and a field of view of 2°x4° full width. SN1987A (hereafter ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/330230a0
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Green revolution A mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 416 (2002), S. 701-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The chronic food shortage that was feared after the rapid expansion of the world population in the 1960s was averted largely by the development of a high-yielding semi-dwarf variety of rice known as IR8, the so-called rice 'green revolution'. The short stature of IR8 is due to a mutation in the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/416701a
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In vitro analysis of lymphocyte functions in common variable immunodeficiency: heterogeneity in B-cell defects (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 252-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Common variable immunodeficiency ; T, B co-culture ; B-cell defect
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Ten patients with common variable immunodeficiency were classified into three groups according to the number of circulating B-cells, i.e. B-cells being absent (three patients), very low (three patients) or within the normal range (four patients). The four patients in the last group showed significant proliferative responses to the T-independent B-cell mitogen, formalin-fixed Staphylococcus aureus, Cowan I. Further study of these patients by co-cultures with allogeneic T or B-cells in various combinations with pokeweed mitogen showed that two patients had an intrinsic B-cell defect without T-cell defect. The third patient had a T-cell dysfunction (i.e. his T-cell could only help the B-cells of some individuals) resulting in a defect in Ig production. The T-cells of the fourth patient showed poor helper function towards all controls. All six patients with absent or very low numbers of B-cells in group I and II had normal T-cell helper function. This study demonstrates that the immunological defect in common variable immunodeficiency is most often a B-cell defect at different stages of their differentiation with sometimes an additional T-cell dysfunction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00439395
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