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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Occupational chronic exposure to organic solvents XI. Alkylbenzene exposure of varnish workers: effects on hematopoetic system (1985)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 56 (1985), S. 307-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Xylenes ; Ethylbenzene ; Spraymen ; Blood levels ; Metabolite ; Excretion ; Changes in blood cell counts
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Thirty-five spraymen, who were varnishing vehicles with alkyd-, phenol- and polyestervarnishes, which were dissolved in solvent mixtures mainly containing o-, m-, p-xylene and ethylbenzene, have been investigated. The concentrations of these solvents in air were 2.1, 7.9, 2.8 and 4.0 ppm on average. The levels of alkylbenzenes in blood and those of their metabolites in urine have been determined. At two of the six working places the spraymen were additionally exposed to n-butanol, respectively 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and several C9-aromatic hydrocarbons. Some of the lacquers contained lead pigments. Alterations of blood cell counts have been observed under the described conditions of exposure. On average the number of lymphocytes was higher than that of segmented granulocytes. Erythrocytes and hemoglobin level of the spraymen were lower than those of the controls.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405272
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Occupational chronic exposure to organic solvents XII. O-cresol excretion after toluene exposure (1985)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 56 (1985), S. 323-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Toluene ; External and internal exposure ; O-cresol excretion ; Biological limit values
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Thirty-five printing workers were investigated according to their external and internal exposure to toluene. The concentration of toluene in the air of the working place was determined using stationary air sampling and gas chromatography. To determine the levels of toluene in blood as well as the concentrations of o-cresol, hippuric acid, and phenol in urine, biological specimens were collected at the end of exposure. The parameters were determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. According to our results, o-cresol concentrations higher than 5.3 mg per litre of post-shift urine might indicate an external exposure higher than the present MAK-value of 200 ppm.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405273
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Exposure to fluorotrichloromethane (R-11) (1985)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 56 (1985), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): External exposure ; Internal exposure ; Elimination ; Biological monitoring
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Three volunteers were exposed to fluorotrichloromethane (R-11) under experimental conditions. Solvent levels in ambient and alveolar air, in blood and urine were measured. The mean concentration of R-11 in ambient air was 657 ml/m3. The average values of pulmonary retention and solvent levels in alveolar air and blood were 18.2%; 537 ml/m3 and 2.8 mg/l. Interindividual variations of these parameters are negligible. R-11 concentrations in urine—in contrast to blood or alveolar air—depend on the dose taken up. After termination of exposure, R-11 concentrations in alveolar air and in blood are excreted with biological half-lives of seven and eleven minutes respectively during the first phase of elimination and with 1.8 and 1.0 h respectively during the second phase of elimination. Though ambient monitoring should, in most cases, be sufficient for the prevention of occupational diseases, the R-11 concentration in alveolar air seems to be the best parameter if biological monitoring seems to be necessary.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380702
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polymorphism of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in lead-exposed workers (1986)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 58 (1986), S. 245-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Lead ; Enzyme inhibtors ; Polymorphisms ; Heterocygote detection
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432107
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal breakage in pentachlorophenol (PCP) exposed workers (1987)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 59 (1987), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Chromosomes ; Chlorophenols ; Dose-response relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A cytogenetic study was performed on 20 healthy workers exposed to pentachlorophenol (PCP) in concentrations ranging from 1.2 to 180 μg/m3 (Maximum Concentration at the workplace is 500 μg/m3) for 3 to 34 years. PCP was determined in the blood plasma of all probands, yielding concentrations between 23 and 775 μg/l (Biological Tolerance Value is 1000 μg/1). In vitro PCP up to 90 mg/l was added to phytohaemagglutinin stimulated lymphocytes of normal healthy donors without any effect on sister chromatid exchange (SCE) or chromosomal aberrations (CA), whereas a slowdown of cell proliferation could be detected in the presence of 60 mg PCP/l. In vivo we neither observed a relation between PCP concentrations and the number of SCE nor an increase of CA.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405285
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Occupational chronic exposure to metals (1987)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 59 (1987), S. 503-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Chromate exposure ; Stainless steel welding ; Ambient monitoring ; Biological monitoring ; Erythrocytes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary External and internal chromate exposure of 103 stainless steel welders who were using manual metal arc welding (MMA), metal inert gas welding (MIG) and both methods, were measured by ambient and biological monitoring. At the working places the maximum chromium trioxide concentrations were 80 μg/m3. The median values were 4 μg/m3 (MMA) and 10 μg/m3 (MIG). The median chromium concentrations in erythrocytes, plasma and urine of all welders were 〈 0.60, 9.00 and 32.50 μg/l. For biological monitoring purposes, chromium levels in erythrocytes and simultaneously in plasma seem to be suitable parameters. According to our results, chromium levels in plasma and urine in the order of 10 and 40 μg/l seem to correspond to an external exposure of 100 μg chromium trioxide per cubic metre, the technical guiding concentration (TRK-value). Chromium concentrations in erythrocytes greater than 0.60 μg/l indicate an external chromate exposure greater than the TRK-value.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377845
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Umweltgifte im Körper und Ihre Erfassung (1986)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 324 (1986), S. 232-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00487878
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expert discussion of the analysis of industrial and environmental medically relevant chlorinated hydrocarbons in biological materials and in the air (1986)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 325 (1986), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505459
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    External quality control programmes in the toxicological analysis of biological material in the field of occupational medicine — experiences from three round-robins in the Federal Republic of Germany (1987)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 326 (1987), S. 643-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Due to the technical rule for dangerous agents (TRgA 410) “statistical quality control” from the German Society of Occupational Medicine three intercomparison programmes on toxicological analysis in blood and urine were organized. In 1982 35 laboratories participated in the analysis of twelve parameters in two urine samples. The round-robin 1983 considered blood analysis (3 metals) as well as determinations in urine samples (15 components) by 51 laboratories. In the third intercomparison programme in 1985 determinations of 4 metals in blood samples as well as 10 inorganic and 8 organic substances in urine specimens were carried out (75 laboratories). Two samples with two concentration adjustments were used. A successful participation was certified, if both results of one parameter are in the tolerance range (assigned value±3s). For the round robin 1982 the percental rate of accurate results was 42%, in 1983 64%. In 1985 62% of the results were located within the 3s-range.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00473521
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of butoxyacetic acid in urine by capillary gas chromatography (1988)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 331 (1988), S. 818-820 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary A simple, rapid and reliable method is presented for the determination of butoxyacetic acid (BAA), the main metabolite of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (Butyl Cellosolve). The urine is acidified with hydrochloric acid and passed through a cation-exchange column. BAA which is quantitatively found in the filtrate is subsequently adsorbed on XAD-4 resin. After desorption with diethyl ether an aliquot of the eluate is evaporated in a nitrogen stream and methylated with diazomethane in diethyl ether. A forty-fold enrichment is achieved by this procedure. The gas-chromatographic separation is performed on a 60 m fused silica capillary column DB-1 (100% dimethyl-polysiloxane). Flame ionization is used for detection. Pentoxyacetic acid (PAA) serves as internal standard. The detection limit of BAA in urine is 0.02 mg/l. Linearity has been tested up to 50 mg/l. The losses by the clean-up steps are between 10.0% and 22.7%. The average recovery is 100.9%. Within-series imprecision (n=10) has been determined for three concentrations and ranges between 4.8% and 12.6%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00469456
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