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Nonalloyed ohmic contacts to n-GaAs by solid-phase epitaxy of Ge (1987)

Marshall, E. D. ; Zhang, B. ; Wang, L. C. ; [et al.]

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 942-947

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ISSN: 1089-7550

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics

Notes: A low resistance nonalloyed ohmic contact to n-GaAs is formed which utilizes the solid-phase epitaxy of Ge through PdGe. Discussion focuses on the conditions necessary to attain low specific contact resistivity (∼10−6 Ω cm2 on 1018 cm−3 n-GaAs) and on the interfacial morphology between the contact metallization and the GaAs substrate. MeV Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channeling show the predominant reaction to be that of Pd with amorphous Ge to form PdGe followed by the solid-phase transport and epitaxial growth of Ge on 〈100〉 GaAs. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and lattice imaging show a very limited initial Pd-GaAs reaction and a final interface which is planar and structurally abrupt to within atomic dimensions. The presence of excess Ge over that necessary for PdGe formation and the placement of Pd initially in contact with GaAs are required to result in the lowest contact resistivity. The experimental data suggest a replacement mechanism in which an n+-GaAs surface region is formed when Ge occupies excess Ga vacancies.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339705

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Viral haemorrhagic disease in rabbits: A review (1989)

Xu, Z. J. ; Chen, W. X.

Springer

Veterinary research communications 13 (1989), S. 205-212

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ISSN: 1573-7446

Keywords: rabbits ; virus ; pathology ; epidemiology ; diagnosis ; control

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract An acute haemorrhagic disease of rabbits was first reported in a southern province of China in 1984. It subsequently spread rapidly to South China and some parts of North China. The disease is characterized by an acute onset with fever, rapid respiration and sudden death. There is a high morbidity and mortality rate. The pathological changes are consistent with severe generalized circulatory dysfunction (hyperaemia, congestion and haemorrhage), marked degeneration of parenchymatous tissue, pronounced serous-haemorrhagic pneumonia and extensive disruption of reticulo-lymphoid tissue. The disease has been named rabbit viral haemorrhagic disease and it has been suggested that the aetiological agent is a picornavirus. A tissue-derived vaccine has been prepared by homogenizing the liver, lung, spleen and kidney of infected rabbits and inactivating with formaldehyde. This review summarizes the information on the aetiology, epidemiology and clinical and pathological aspects of this new rabbit disease.