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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 19 (1986), S. 987-989 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5010
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 4856-4870 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nonradiative decay dynamics of crystal violet, and other triphenyl-methane dyes, dissolved in a variety of solvents, are studied as a function of temperature. A linear viscosity dependence of the excited state absorption decay time in n-alcohol solvents is found at several constant temperatures. The temperature dependence at constant viscosity is anomalously negative over the entire viscosity range (0.6 to 8.0 cP) of these experiments. Various possible mechanisms for the observed behavior are critically discussed. Two color excite-and-probe studies reveal ground state bleach recovery times which are independent of excitation wavelength but strongly dependent on probe wavelength. The faster decay on the red side of the ground state absorption is shown to be the result of stimulated emission rather than the influence of a second state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 6119-6127 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pressure dependent measurements of the nonradiative torsional dynamics of triphenyl-methane dyes are reported. The viscosity dependence of the excited state absorption and fluorescence decays of crystal violet, dissolved in methanol, ethanol, and n-propanol, are studied over a viscosity range of between 0.5 and 500 cP (pressures up to 1.5 GPa ∼15 000 atm). The overall viscosity dependence of the excited state decay time is linear. The nonlinear viscosity dependencies observed in earlier studies may have resulted from the complex nature of the solvents used and, in the case of fluorescence quantum yield measurements, from a pressure dependence of the radiative rate. Differences between the viscosity dependence observed when varying pressure, temperature, or solvent type at low viscosities are tentatively ascribed to pressure and temperature induced conformational changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 5433-5440 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theoretical predictions of three theories for large amplitude dynamics on a barrierless excited state potential are tested. The predicted forms for the time dependent integrated excited state population are compared with experimentally measured excited state absorption decays of crystal violet in various solvents. We have generalized the early theory of Oster–Nishijima [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 1581 (1956)] to allow for arbitrary placement of the initial excited state population relative of the nonradiative sinks which couple the flat excited state potential to the ground state. An analytic form for decay of the integrated excited state population is derived for this generalized flat potential model. In addition we have found that the predictions of Forster–Hoffmann [Z. Phys. Chem. NF 75, 63 (1971)] cannot be made to fit the experimentally measured excited state decays of crystal violet. Finally we show that the theory of Bagchi–Fleming–Oxtoby [J. Chem. Phys. 78, 7375 (1983)] can fit the decays observed in various solvents fairly well. The best fits, however, are obtained using the generalized flat potential model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 6540-6549 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fluorescence decays from submonolayers of pyrene separated from Si(111) by Xe spacer layers are measured as a function of spacer thickness (17–200 A(ring)), pyrene coverage, and emission wavelength. The results are explained in terms of two decay channels: energy transfer and trapping among the molecules in the two-dimensional pyrene overlayer, and excitation of electrons from the valence to the conduction band in the Si(111) by the dipole near field of the electronically excited pyrene molecule. The intralayer energy transfer is modeled using the Kohlrausch equation N(t)=N0 exp(−t/τ)α, in which α is related to the distribution of pyrene molecules in energy. Energy transfer from the molecule to the semiconductor is modeled using the classical image dipole theory. The classical model is used to calculate the energy transfer rates from a dipole to Si and GaAs as a function of dipole–semiconductor separation, and as a function of dipole emission wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 3699-3700 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The geminate recombination of iodine atoms in xenon solutions, has been studied by monitoring the transient absorptions at wavelengths between 350 and 1000 nm.(AIP) ;m
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Picosecond transient absorption measurements from 1000–295 nm are used to monitor the recombination dynamics of iodine after photodissociation in a variety of inert solvents. The high time resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of these measurements permits the development of a detailed model of this reaction, which should resolve disagreements over the time scales of geminate recombination and vibrational relaxation and over the role of excited electronic state trapping. Most of the atoms which undergo geminate recombination do so in ≤15 ps, in agreement with the predictions of existing molecular dynamics simulations. The subsequent vibrational and electronic energy relaxation of the recombined molecule is relatively slow and accounts for most of the transient absorption dynamics. The relaxing X-state vibrational population distribution is extracted with an approximate method using calculated spectra of the excited vibrational levels and is compared to recent models. Vibrational relaxation times vary from ∼15 ps near the middle of the ground state well to ∼150 ps for complete relaxation to v=0. The vibrational relaxation rates do not provide support for the predicted role of resonant vibration-to-vibration energy transfer to chlorinated methane solvents, but some evidence for this mechanism is found in alkane solvents. B-state predissociation times of 10–15 ps and A'-state lifetimes of 65–2700 ps are found depending on the solvent. Current theory is not able to satisfactorily explain the large variation of the A'-state lifetime in various solvents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 2683-2688 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A combination of second harmonic generation (SHG) and a simple dipole–dipole interaction model is presented as a new technique for determining adsorbate geometries on surfaces. The polarization dependence of SHG is used to define possible geometries of the adsorbate about the surface normal. General formulas for absorption band shifts using the geometry constraints imposed by the SHG data are derived for a dimer constructed from two arbitrarily placed monomers on the surface using the dipole–dipole interaction potential. These formulas can be used to determine the orientation of the two monomers relative to each other. A simplified version of this formalism is used to interpret absorption band shifts for a system of rhodamine B adsorbed on quartz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 6687-6696 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations of the photodissociation/recombination process for iodine in liquid xenon at several densities are reported in this paper. These simulations were performed to aid in the understanding and interpretation of recent picosecond experimental investigations on model chemical reaction systems. From these calculations, it was found that geminate recombination occurs primarily within a few picoseconds at all densities considered. This is in agreement with previous molecular dynamics simulations with significantly smaller systems, and with the current interpretation of experimental results. Simulated iodine ground electronic state vibrational relaxation times range from about 1 ns at the lowest density to approximately 250 ps at the highest density reported here. In addition, the functional form of the decay of the average iodine vibrational energy was observed to be nearly independent of density. This result is discussed in terms of simple gas phase isolated binary collision models. Various force correlation functions projected onto the iodine vibrational coordinate were also examined, and indicate that the iodine molecule significantly perturbs the local solvent environment. These force correlation functions may be helpful when assessing the usefulness of liquid phase theories of vibrational relaxation of highly excited molecules. Finally, the simulation results on iodine vibrational relaxation are compared with the available experimental data. These comparisons indicate that the molecular dynamics calculations overestimate the rate of vibrational relaxation over the lower third of the iodine ground electronic state potential surface, and that the efficiency of V–TR transfer, relative to V–V transfer, may have been underestimated. The sensitivity of these results to several system parameters are analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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