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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (47)
  • 1980-1984  (47)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser plasmas (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 290-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 50 ; 34 ; 32.50 ; 42.60 ; 61.80 ; 62 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697858
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interlimb coordination in cat locomotion investigated with perturbation (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 46 (1982), S. 438-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Deiters' neurons ; Locomotion ; Perturbation ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of mechanical stimulation (tap) on single unit activity of Deiter's neurons were analysed in walking cats decerebrated at the premammillary level. Deiters' neurons projecting to the ipsilateral cervical, but not to the lumbosacral, spinal cord (C-Deiters' neurons) were identified by antidromic activation, cerebellar stimulation, and localization of the neurons. During each unperturbed cycle of quadrupedal locomotion, most C-Deiters' neurons showed two frequency modulation peaks in their impulse discharges: one (A peak) in the late swing (E1) or the early stance (E2) phase, the other (B peak) in the late stance (E3) or the early swing (F) phase, of the ipsilateral forelimb. The A peak started to rise shortly before the ipsilateral forelimb was placed. When mechanical perturbation was applied during locomotion to the paw dorsum of the left forelimb (LF) in its stance phase, the ongoing LF stance phase shortened and the simultaneous swing phase of the right forelimb (RF) shortened. Accordingly, in the RF, extensor activity in the swing phase to place down the limb occurred earlier than in unperturbed step cycles. The same LF tap induced a marked enhancement of impulse discharges in C-Deiters' neurons on the right side (with a magnitude of 20–100 imp/s, and the shortest latency of 25 ms). This enhancement was more pronounced than that induced when the perturbation was applied to the LF during its swing phase. The latency manifested a close time relation to the RF extensor activity supporting the postulate that the increased C-Deiters' activity in the RF swing phase contributes to the earlier onset of RF extensor activity which plays an important role in maintaining alternating footfalls after perturbation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238638
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Willis formalism of anharmonic temperature factors for a general potential and its application in the least-squares method (1983)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 39 (1983), S. 631-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Willis treatment of anharmonic temperature factors including up to fourth-order terms has been generalized and incorporated into a conventional full-matrix least-squares program. The temperature factor T(S) including the anharmonic vibration effect is formulated in the general case using Willis's method. T(S) is based on the Cartesian coordinates defined by the three principal axes of the harmonic thermal ellipsoid. The simultaneous refinement of the parameters in T(S) with the conventional parameters in crystallography, which are based on the crystal lattice system, is possible. In order to introduce T(S) into conventional full-matrix least-squares programs, some other relations were also derived, such as that between crystallographic symmetry and T(S), and that among parameters due to point symmetry of the atom, and so on. The present method was applied to the K and two F atoms in KCuF3 crystals at 296 K with the point symmetries of the sites 422, {\bar 4}2m and mm2, respectively, and Al and O atoms in α-Al2O3 crystals at 2170 K with the point symmetries 3 and 2, respectively. The features of the potentials of atoms in KCuF3 crystals correspond very well to the peaks on the difference-Fourier maps. After the correction for anharmonic vibration, the difference-Fourier map around each atom became flat. It indicates that in an accurate electron density study the anharmonic vibration effect is not negligible and the Willis method works effectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767383001300
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass Fragmentographic Determination of Homovanillic Acid in Individual Dopaminergic Neuron Systems of Rat Brain: Application of Reaction Gas Chromatography (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 38 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Homovanillic acid (HVA) levels of 12 discrete rat brain areas were determined by a mass fragmentographic method using the reaction gas chromatographic technique. The use of reaction gas chromatography increased the sensitivity for determination of HVA. The sensitivity of this method allows measurement of HVA in small amounts of brain tissue. The HVA levels in polar, medial, and lateral fields of prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, septum, amygdala, A12, A13, and A14 dopaminergic neurons were 0.417 ± 0.018 ng/mg protein, 0.689 ± 0.004, 0.753 ± 0.024, 0.496 ± 0.029, 1.311 ± 0.046, 0.555 ± 0.008, 1.949 ± 0.077, 1.109 ± 0.112, and 0.489 ± 0.019, respectively. The HVA levels in these areas are first reported in the present paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb10884.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PROPAGATION AND NON-PROPAGATION OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS AT A SHARP NOTCH (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 6 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Sharply notched specimens of a structural low-carbon steel were fatigued under several ratios of the maximum to minimum loads. The growth behavior of a short fatigue crack near the notch tip was analyzed based on crack closure measurements. A fatigue crack first decelerates with increasing crack length, and then accelerates or becomes non-propagating depending on the applied stress. A similar deceleration is seen when the rate is correlated to the stress intensity range. The effective stress intensity range is a unique parameter in correlating the growth rate of a short crack for all the stress levels examined, and the relation is identical to that obtained for a long crack. By considering the increase in crack closure with crack length, a quantitative method is proposed for predicting the non-propagating crack length and the fatigue limit of notched specimens as a function of the applied stress and the notch geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1983.tb00347.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATIGUE STRENGTH OF A ROTOR STEEL SUBJECTED TO TORSIONAL LOADING SIMULATING THAT OCCURRING DUE TO CIRCUIT BREAKER RECLOSING IN AN ELECTRIC POWER PLANT (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 6 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue strength of notched specimens of a rotor steel was examined under variable torsional loading which simulates turbine-generator oscillations resulting from the high speed reclosing of transmission-line circuit breakers. The local stress-strain response at a notch root was analysed using Neuber's rule and the resulting complex strain sequences applied to smooth specimens. Using the rain flow analysis and the linear summation rule, fatigue lives of the smooth specimens were successfully predicted from constant amplitude fatigue life data in association with the cyclic stress-strain curve obtained by the incremental step method. Experimental crack initiation lives for notched specimens subjected to variable torsional loading were in excellent agreement with the theoretical curves derived from results on smooth specimens. According to the view that fatigue damage is equated to crack length, the propagation life of a mode II crack along the notch root was predicted to be actually coincident with the life to crack initiation at the notch root denned in this study, i.e. the life at the stage of finding a continuous circumferential crack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1983.tb00328.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LOW- AND HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS STEELS SPECIFIED IN JIS FOR MACHINE STRUCTURAL USE (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 4 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract —Low-cycle fatigue properties were investigated on four carbon steels and five low alloy steels specified in JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) for machine structural use, which are the most commonly used in Japan. Several different heats from each of several representative manufacturers were sampled so as to represent the average fatigue characteristics of current materials. The cyclic deformation behaviour of material was denned by comparing the monotonie yield stress on the extrapolated tensile work hardening curve with the cyclic yield stress in the cyclic stress-strain curve determined by incremental step test. The normalized ferrite-pearlitic steels cyclically hardened, while the quench-tempered martensitic were cyclically stable or softened. The S–N relations derived from the strain-controlled low-cycle tests were compared with the results obtained by load-controlled high-cycle tests. The extrapolated S–N curves based on the cyclic stress-strain curve predicted the fatigue strength in the high-cycle range to be stronger for cyclic-hardening steels, but weaker for cyclic-softening steels. The predicted S–N curves for stable steels coincided with the high cycle test data. The fatigue limit had a proportional relationship with cyclic yield stress, slightly depending on the cyclic deformation behaviour. On the other hand, the cyclic yield stress was found to exhibit a very good linear correlation with the monotonie tensile strength, independent of cyclic deformation behaviour. This explains the empirical law that the fatigue limit is approximately proportional to the tensile strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1981.tb01377.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTERMEDIATES IN THE RHODIUM-CATALYZED HYDROFORMYLATION OF OLEFINS (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 333 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb53631.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foreword (1983)
    Springer
    Solar physics 86 (1983), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00157166
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of hepatocytes in primary culture for biochemical studies on liver functions (1982)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 43 (1982), S. 145-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rat parenchymal hepatocytes isolated with collagenase were cultured as monolayers in Williams medium E supplemented with calf serum. Freshly isolated cells showed very low activities of various liver functions, and they had to be cultured for 6-24 h to allow recovery of these functions. Insulin and dexamethasone greatly increased cell viability in primary culture. After culture for 24 h, these cells showed various liver functions as seen in vivo and responded well to various added hormones and amino acids. The concentrations of amino acids in the medium regulated synthesis of serum proteins and insulin stimulated lipogenesis, which in turn regulated synthesis of lipoproteins. Insulin also stimulated glycogen synthesis and the stimulation was parallel with the number of insulin receptors. Glucagon stimulated glycogenolysis and its stimulation involved the function of the cytoskeleton. Glucagon and dexamethasone induced various enzymes of amino acid catabolism, such as tryptophan oxygenase, tyrosine aminotransferase and serine dehydratase. These inductions were inhibited by insulin or catecholamine. The effect of catecholamine was due to its α-adrenergic action. The β-action of isoproterenol was low in freshly isolated cells, but increased during culture of the cells. Acquirement of hormonal responses during neonatal development can be studied in this culture system. Mature hepatocytes in culture are usually quiescent, but when insulin and epidermal growth factor were added, DNA synthesis by the cells increased markedly and they showed density-dependent growth. In this culture system, serum could be omitted for 2 days when the dishes were coated with fibronectin without appreciable change of functions, but serum was needed for longer culture of the cells. A factor that increased cell survival was found in serum and in pituitary gland. These results show that hepatocytes in primary culture are a simple and useful system for studies of liver functions in vitro and related works were also reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223006
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