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  • 1980-1984  (3)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Water samples were collected in and near Kasitsna Bay (Cook Inlet), Alaska over 18 mo (February 1979–August 1980). Seasonal changes in glucose and glutamate uptake rates were measured in these samples. During the second year of the study, the uptake rates of glycolate and acetate and primary productivity were also measured. Of the substrates tested, significant positive linear correlations were observed between glucose and glutamate uptake and primary productivity. A higher correlation was observed between glucose to glutamate uptake ratios and primary productivity. The seasonal patterns of glucose uptake, glucose-to-glutamate uptake ratios and primary productivity rates show that the ratios changes simultaneously with fluctuations in primary productivity rates. The glucose uptake patterns reveal a delay in the response of the glucose-utilizing microorganisms to the onset of the bloom. It is suggested that by measuring the uptake rates of the simple compounds by microheterotrophs, and comparing these rates with each other, one can determine the relative flux of these compounds through the system. If the major source of these compounds is material released into the seawater by phytoplankton, it is possible that this approach could characterize the flux of extracellular products. As more is known about how the composition of extracellular material relates to the physiological state of phytoplankton, such an approach may eventually be a useful indirect assessment of the physiological state of natural phytoplankton populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Percent respiration was measured in over 1,100 arctic and subarctic marine water and sediment samples using14C-labeled glucose and glutamate. These measurements were made at different times of the year in 4 regions. Percent respiration values were typically lower in regions where the waters of large rivers mixed with seawater. They were also lower in sediments and in waters collected near the bottom than in surface waters. They were higher in winter arctic waters than water samples collected in the summer; however, a similar seasonal trend was not observed in subarctic waters. There were a number of studies in which there were significant positive rank correlations between percent respiration and salinity and between percent respiration and temperature. From what is known about the range of temperature and salinity encountered in samples collected during these studies and the results of temperature and salinity effects experiments, it was concluded that changes in these 2 variables did not explain the variation observed in percent respiration. Correlations between percent respiration and the inorganic nutrients PO4 −3, NH4 + and NO3 − showed that of the 3 variables, only NO3 − showed relatively high correlations with all the same sign. From this it was concluded that there may be situations in which NO3 − levels may influence percent respiration in nearshore marine waters. It is also likely that qualitative characteristics of the available organic nutrients may also influence percent respiration levels. Although no organic nutrient data is available for statistical analysis, the patterns of percent respiration near river plumes and the relatively strong negative correlation often observed between uptake rates (heterotrophic activity) and percent respiration suggests that organic nutrients may be a factor in controlling percent respiration. It is suggested that there are situations in which percent respiration measurements may be used to document stress in natural microbial populations due to nutrient deficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A study of the microbial uptake and respiration (mineralization) of radioactive glutamic acid was made in 141 surface water samples in the Cook Inlet, Alaska during three sampling periods (October, 1976; April, 1977; and November, 1977). The rate at which the test substrate was incorporated into cell material plus that respired as CO2 was used to calculate the relative microbial activity. A northern water mass with salinities less than 31‰ showed high rates of relative microbial activity but low mineralization rates as indicated by respiration of14CO2. The reverse pattern was seen in the water mass (salinity higher than 31‰) to the south which was more typical of coastal water. These data suggest that the organic nutrients in these two water masses are quite different either qualitatively or quantitatively. This study illustrates how the observed measurement of relative microbial activity might be helpful in defining specific water masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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