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  • 1975-1979  (8)
  • 1965-1969  (14)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-dependent net production of carbon monoxide by plants (1978)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 275 (1978), S. 740-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Dependence of CO ( ) and CO2 () exchange on irradiance. Leaf temperature 28.3C; CO concentration in the gas stream supplied to the gas-exchange chamber 2.07 mm3 m-3, average CO concentration within the chamber during the experiment 4.78 mm3 m-3; CO2 concentration 250 cm3m-3; O2 concentration ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/275740a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solute Uptake of Acer pseudoplatanus Cell Suspensions during Recovery from Gas Shock (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 46 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When the ambient atmosphere of Acer pseudoplatanus cells in suspension culture is rapidly changed by opening the culture flasks and gently stirring (‘mild gas-shock’) or by filtering and suspending in new medium (‘strong gas-shock’), drastic modifications of the rates of leucine, methionine, glucose, adenine, sulphate and phosphate uptake are observed. Following the gas-shock, rates of uptake rapidly decrease within a few minutes. Subsequently the rates increase again to the intial level within several hours. The uptake of potassium, which is known to be passively distributed between the medium and the interior of many plant cells, at least at high external concentrations, is apparently independent of gas-shock.The shock and recovery kinetics are similar for all solutes investigated (except K+), in particular for different solutes studied in double labelling experiments with the same batch of cells. At the maximum of the after-effect of shock, i.e. at minimum rates of uptake, uptake shows a highly reduced dependence on temperatures. Gas-shock probably inactivates, denatures, structurally alters or releases membrane macromolecules engaged in transport. These molecules are then re-synthesized and re-incorporated into the membrane during recovery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1979.tb02632.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Funktion und Struktur pflanzlicher Drüsen (1966)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 53 (1966), S. 96-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00601466
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineral Ion composition and occurrence of CAM-like diurnal malate fluctuations in plants of coastal and desert habitats of israel and the Sinai (1976)
    Springer
    Oecologia 25 (1976), S. 125-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The mineral ion composition and the occurrence of CAM-like diurnal malate fluctuations in species from 6 field locations in Israel and the Sinai were studied during the spring of 1974. The sites were a) a salt swamp near Acre on the Mediterranean Sea shore in the northern part of Israel, b) the high coast near Tel Aviv, c) the southern Dead Sea area near Sedom, d) the Negev highlands surrounding the ancient town of Avdat, e) the Wadi Paran in the southern Negev desert, and f) the Red Sea shore near the southeastern tip of the Sinai peninsula close to the Bedouin village of Nabek. The carbon assimilatory organs of the plants were analysed for Na+, K+, Cl− and SO4 2- as well as for malate at dawn and dusk. 2. Most species analysed are characterized by high levels of mineral ions (mainly Na+/and Cl−) often exceeding 300–400 μeq per g fresh weight, and by high Na+/K+ ratios in their tissues mainly ranging from 10 to 20. These typical halophytic attributes are particularly found in species of the Acre salt swamp, of the Dead Sea area and the Red Sea shore and in many species of the Negev highlands. 3. In plants occupying the Tel Aviv high coast habitats Na+ and Cl− are lower averaging 100 to 200 μeq per g fresh weight. The Na+/K+ ratio is about 5. 4. Numerous species mainly inhabiting the less saline loessial plains and wadis of the Negev desert contain only up to 100 μeq Na+ and Cl− per g fresh weight and are characterized by Na+/K+ ratios of about 1 and below. 5. The salt-accumulating species of the coastal habitats contain Na+ and Cl− in more or less equivalent amounts, i.e. halophytes of the “chloride type” in the terminology of Walter dominate these sites. In contrast, many inland halophytes chiefly belonging to the Chenopodiaceae accumulate much more Na+ than Cl− and/or SO4 2-. 6. The special feature of Na+ contents which far exceed the sum of Cl− and SO4 2- distinguishes the inland Chenopodiaceae as a “physiotype” from members of other taxa. The Zygophyllaceae included in this study form a further “physiotype” which is characterized by higher Cl− than Na+ concentrations. 7. Five species of the Aizoaceae family investigated showed no special pattern of mineral ion content. 8. Certain species, especially some belonging to the Brassicaceae, showed a slight malate accumulation during the day. 9. CAM-like diurnal malate fluctuations were only observed in four species: the halophytic Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, M. forsskalii and M. nodiflorum and the non-halophytic Asclepiadaceae Caralluma It is suggested that, among halophytes, the capability to perform CAM is generally restricted to members of the Aizoaceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368849
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water relation parameters of the CAM plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana in relation to diurnal malate oscillations (1977)
    Springer
    Oecologia 31 (1977), S. 85-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In the CAM plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana, kept in an environmental rhythm of 12 h L: 12 h D in a growth chamber at 60% relative humidity and well watered in the root medium, decreasing water potentials and osmotic potentials of the leaves are correlated with malate accumulation in the dark. In the light increasing water and osmotic potentials (ψ W and ψ S ) are associated with decreasing malate levels. Transpiratory H2O loss is high in dark and low in light. In continuous light, the CAM rhythm rapidly disappears in the form of a highly damped endogenous oscillation. Malate levels, and water and osmotic potentials of the leaves remain correlated as described above. However, transpiration is very high as malate levels decrease and water and osmotic potentials increase. It can concluded, that water relation parameters like total water potential (ψ W ) and osmotic potential (ψ S ) change in close correlation with changes of malic acid levels. As an important osmotically active solute in CAM plants, malic acid appears to affect water relations independently of and in addition to transpiration. The question remains open, whether turgor (ψ P ) is involved in CAM regulation in intact plants in a similar way as it determines malate fluxes in leaf slices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348712
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Physiologie der Carnivoren-Drüsen (1966)
    Springer
    Planta 68 (1966), S. 269-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Sekretion von 36Cl- durch Gewebescheiben, die aus dem drüsentragenden Teil von Nepenthes-Kannen ausgestanzt worden waren, wurde mikroautoradiographisch untersucht. Nach der Applikation von 1–10 mM Chloridlösungen von der der Kannenaußenseite entsprechenden Fläche her waren die Drüsenzellen, die Zellgrenzen im Mesophyll (also die Zellwände einschließlich des dünnen Plasmabelags), Plasmaansammlungen und die Leitbündel besonders stark markiert. Die Drüsenzellen sind dicht mit Plasma erfüllt und wenig vacuolisiert. Die Kornzählungen zeigen, daß die Radioaktivität der verschiedenen plasmareichen Bereiche (der Drüsenzellen, der Zellgrenzen und der Plasmaansammlungen) nicht statistisch signifikant verschieden ist, während die Vacuolen viel weniger markiert sind. Diese Befunde werden im Lichte von Arisz' Theorie des symplasmatischen Transportes diskutiert. Eine artefizielle Übertragung der in den großen Vacuolen der Mesophyllzellen enthaltenen Radioaktivität auf das Cytoplasma während der Präparation kann allerdings nicht völlig ausgeschlossen werden.
    Notes: Summary The secretion of 36Cl- by tissue isolated from Nepenthes pitchers was investigated with microautoradiographic techniques. The tissue was transferred into ether at-30°C or embedded in the vacuum, following procedures described earlier (Lüttge and Weigl, 1965). The microautoradiographs which we obtained after application of 1–10 mM chloride solutions to the surface corresponding to the outside of the pitchers showed a high labelling of the gland cells, the cell borders in the mesophyll (i.e. the cell walls including the thin plasmatic layers), plasmatic particles and the conductive tissue. The gland cells have only very small vacuoles and are densely filled with cytoplasm. The grain counts show that the radioactivity in the parts of the tissue which are rich in cytoplasm (glands, cell borders, plasmatic particles) did not differ within the statistical error. The activity of the vacuoles, however, was much less. These findings are discussed in the light of Arisz' theory of symplasmatic transport. However, an artificial transfer of the radioactivity contained in the large vacuoles of the mesophyll cells to the cytoplasm during the preparation can not be entirely excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385287
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Physiologie der Carnivoren-Drüsen (1966)
    Springer
    Planta 68 (1966), S. 44-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Cl--Transport durch isolierte Gewebescheiben aus dem die überdachten Drüsen tragenden Teil von Nepenthes-Kannen wurde untersucht. An der der Kannenaußenseite entsprechenden Fläche, deren cutinisierte Epidermis durch oberflächliches Anschneiden mit einer Rasierklinge entfernt wurde, nehmen die Gewebescheiben aus den Versuchslösungen Cl- durch metabolischen Trägertransport auf, während die Cl--Abgabe passiv ist. Die Cl--Sekretion durch die drüsentragende Oberfläche hängt von der Bereitstellung energiereicher Phosphate durch den Stoffwechsel ab. Zwischen dem Chloridgehalt und der caseinspaltenden Aktivität des Kannensekretes konnte eine Korrelation nachgewiesen werden.
    Notes: Summary The transport of chloride in isolated tissue from Nepenthes pitchers was investigated using 36Cl-, an Aminco-Cotlove chloride-titrator for the determinations of Cl- concentrations, and KCN and AsO 4 - -as metabolic inhibitors. The tissue was brought in contact with different experimental solutions (=medium). The surface corresponding to the outside of the pitchers was cut with a razor blade to remove the cutinized epidermal layer. At this surface the Cl- uptake from the medium is a metabolic process which depends on the Cl--concentration of the medium in a manner that corresponds to the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The Michaelis-constant of this transport step was 3×10-2M. The Cl--efflux into the medium, however, is a passive process. The opposite surface of the tissue slices (corresponding to the inside of the pitchers) carries the glands. The chloride secretion taking place here is also dependent on metabolism. In vitro it occurs even when a high gradient of chloride concentration has been set up between the medium and the solution which is in contact with the glands. In vivo the Cl--concentration of the pitcher fluid and the amount of Cl- per gram of tissue water are almost equal. The rôle of chloride in the physiology of Nepenthes is still under investigation, A correlation between the chloride content of the pitcher fluid and its enzymatic activity (Casein-test), however, could already be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385370
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Salzdrüsen von Limonium vulgare (1967)
    Springer
    Planta 74 (1967), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch eine Kombination von mikroautoradiographischem Chloridnachweis und elektronenoptischer Lokalisierung von Silberfällungen wurde versucht, die intracelluläre Verteilung des Chlorids und den Weg des Ions im Blatt zu verfolgen. Dabei ergaben sich unter anderem folgende Ergebnisse: 1. Es konnte ein Auftreten des Chlorids in Chloroplasten sichergestellt, im Zellkern wahrscheinlich gemacht werden. 2. Es ergaben sich Hinweise für einen apoplastischen und eine symplastischen Chloridtransport. 3. Für einen Konzentrationshub des Ions zwischen dem Plasma der Parenchymzellen und dem der Drüsenzellen konnten keine Anhaltspunkte erhalten werden.
    Notes: Summary Using a combination of microautoradiographic detection of chloride and an electronmicroscopic localisation of silver precipitation an attempt was made to elaborate the intracellular distribution of chloride and the pathway of this ion in the leaf. The main results were as follows: 1. It was shown that chloride occurs in the chloroplasts and probably also in the nuclei. 2. There are indications for an apoplastic and a symplastic transport of the chloride. 3. The findings do not suggest a rise of the chloride concentration in the cytoplasm between the parenchyma and the gland cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385168
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption and long distance transport by isolated stele of maize roots in relation to the dual mechanisms of ion absorption (1967)
    Springer
    Planta 74 (1967), S. 173-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Ionenaufnahme durch intakte Wurzeln, isolierte Rinde und isolierte Zentralzylinder und der Ferntransport durch intakte und entrind ete Wurzeln wurden verglichen, und zwar kurz nach der Isolierung und nach Altern der Gewebe. Frisch isolierte Zentralzylinder akkumulieren Io nen nur in ganz geringem Maße oder überhaupt nicht. Von den beiden Systemen der metabolischen Ionenaufnahme, die in einem niedrigen (System 1: bis 0,5 meq/l) und in einem hohen Konzentrationsbereich (System 2: 1-50 meq/l) die Geschwindigkeit der Ionenaufnahme durch intakte Wurzeln und isolierte Wurzelrinde bestimmen, entwickelt sich während des Alterungsprozesses in isolierten Zentralzylindern System 1, nicht aber System 2. In Übereinstimmung mit diesem Befund zeigt die Analyse der Einzelfluxe am Plasmalemma und am Tonoplasten, daß nur der Influx aus der Außenlösung in das Cytoplasma beim Altern der Zentralzylinder beträchtlich ansteigt. Veränderungen beim Altern von abgeschnittenen, intakten Wurzeln und isolierter Rinde sind viel weniger ausgeprägt. Obwohl die Ionenaufnahme beim Altern isolierter Zentralzylinder steigt, verringert sich der Ferntransport, der bei frisch isolierten Zentralzylindern rein passiv ist. Die mitgeteilten Ergebnisse zeigen die ausgeprägte Permeabilität frisch isolierter Zentralzylinder und demonstrieren die Bedeutung der Wurzelrinde als ein Gewebe, das Ionen für den Ferntransport “sammelt”. Auf diese Weise werden neue Anhaltspunkte für die Theorie des symplasmatischen Transportes der Ionen in die Gefäße gewonnen.
    Notes: Summary Ion absorption and transport by intact roots, isolated cortex and isolated stele were compared shortly after tissue isolation and after aging. Absorption isotherms in the low and in the high concentration range show that in stripped-stele, which absorbs at a very low rate immediately after isolation, the capacity of system 1 but not system 2 is built up with aging. In agreement with this result analysis of individual fluxes across plasmamembrane and tonoplast reveals that only the influx from the medium into the cytoplasm increases considerably with aging of stele. Changes observed in aging excised roots and in isolated cortex are much less significant. In spite of the increase of absorption with aging by isolated stele, long distance transport, which is essentially passive through freshly stripped stele, decreases with aging. The reported results reflect the marked permeability of the plasmamembrane of fresh isolated stele, and demonstrate the importance of the cortex as a tissue “collecting” ions for long distance transport. New evidence for the theory of symplasmatic transport of ions into the xylem vessels is thus provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388327
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of ion uptake isotherms and analysis of individual fluxes of ions (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 80 (1968), S. 52-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der von Pitman (1963) beschriebenen Methode wurde die Abhängigkeit der einzelnen Ionenfluxe am Plasmalemma und am Tonoplasten und des Ionengehaltes im Plasma und in der Vacuole von der Außenkonzentration untersucht. Die erhaltenen Kurven wurden mit Ionenaufnahmeisothermen aus der Literatur verglichen. Dabei zeigte sich, daß der Flux aus der Außenlösung in das Cytoplasma dem sogenannten System 1 und der Flux aus dem Cytoplasma in die Vacuole dem System 2 der Isothermenkinetik entspricht. Dies ist ein weiterer Beleg für die Richtigkeit der Theorie von Torii und Laties (1966a) über die Lokalisierung von System 1 und System 2 innerhalb der Zelle. Die Veränderung der im Cytoplasma und in der Vacuole enthaltenen Ionenmenge mit steigender Außenkonzentration läßt deutlich werden, daß das Plasmalemma seine Barrierenfunktion bei Konzentrationen über 1 mM verliert. Es wird diskutiert, welche Aussagen über Transportprozesse mit den beiden Methoden der Isothermenkinetik und der Effluxanalyse gemacht werden können.
    Notes: Summary The dependence of individual ion fluxes at the plasmalemma and at the tonoplast and of the amounts of ions in the cytoplasmic and vacuolar phases on external concentration was investigated using the method outlined by Pitman (1963). The results are compared with ion uptake isotherms from the literature. It is concluded that flux from the solution into the cytoplasm corresponds to system 1 and flux from the cytoplasm to the vacuole is congruent with system 2. The hypothesis of Torii and Laties (1966a) regarding the location of system 1 and system 2 within the cell is thus reemphazised. The changes of the amounts of internal ions with external concentration clearly demonstrate that the plasmalemma loses its function as a barrier at concentrations above 1 mM. The conclusions which can be drawn from investigations of isotherm kinetics and flux analysis are examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387189
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