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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain tissue transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye: 2. Fluorescence histochemistry of immature catecholamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons innervating the rat vas deferens (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 158 (1975), S. 141-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vas deferens ; Intraocular transplants ; Muscle tissue ; Reinnervation by immature brain tissue ; Fluorescence microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Small pieces of the wall of the rat vas deferens were homologously transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye together with small pieces of embryonic brain stem containing either developing noradrenaline (NA) cells of the locus coeruleus or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurons of the developing raphe system. The eyes of the recipients were sympathetically denervated. The double transplants became rapidly vascularized from the host iris. After 31/2 months the irides, together with their two transplants were analyzed by Falck-Hillarp fluorescence microscopy. Both the NA and the 5-HT neurons had survived and matured in the eye. Fluorescent varicose nerve terminals of the NA and 5-HT type respectively were found in all three potential receptor areas, i.e. within the CNS transplants, in the host irides and in the vas deferens transplants. In the latter, the newly formed monoamine nerve terminals arborized mainly within a well developed smooth muscle layer. The density of such new fibres was higher than or similar to that of the normally present sympathetic plexus in areas of the transplant close to the CNS transplant and lower in areas at a distance from the CNS transplant. It is concluded that immature central NA and 5-HT fibres are able to grow simultaneously into different types of sympathetically denervated smooth muscle tissues to form networks of fibres in the receptor organs resembling the normal sympathetic innervation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219957
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitation of fiber growth in transplanted central monoamine neurons (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 179 (1977), S. 285-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Central monoamine neurons ; Fiber growth ; Locus coeruleus ; Quantitation ; Fluorescence histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nerve fiber production by central noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurons was studied using immature brain tissue containing locus coeruleus, substantia nigra, or ventro-caudal medulla oblongata respectively, homologously grafted to the anterior chambers of rat eyes. A method was developed for quantitation of the fiber growth that occurs on the sympathetically denervated host irides as observed in whole mounts using Falck-Hillarp fluorescence histochemistry and by the uptake of 3H-metaraminol into the irides. Survival and growth in oculo of the three different areas were characterized by direct observations through the cornea in vivo for a number of pre- and postnatal stages of development of the donors, and the findings correlated to the degree of monoamine nerve fiber production on the host irides. The growth of fetal locus coeruleus transplants on irides was quantified using both fluorescence microscopical measurements of innervated areas and uptake of 3H-metaraminol. The uptake was well correlated to the histochemical measurements on individual irides, thus validating the fluorescence microscopical measurements of fiber production. The fiber growth of fetal locus coeruleus grafts on irides was followed for 20 weeks. The nerves increased in number and uptake capacity approximately linearly for 6 weeks whereafter the increase rapidly levelled off. On average, the final amount of nerve production by fetal locus grafts did not cover more than 1/3 of the host iris surface, and the average uptake of 3H-metaraminol by these nerves did not exceed 60% of that found in sympathetically intact control irides. The locus grafts produced a similar amount of fluorescent fibers in the host iris independent of the crown-rump length stage of the donor fetus and the final size of the transplants in oculo. The survival and growth of NA, DA and 5-HT neurons grafted from various postnatal donor rats was also followed by fluorescence microscopy. Locus coeruleus grafts produced markedly more fibers than the two other types of grafts when the donor was one week old or less, and DA grafts produced the least fibers of the three. Even from one month old donors some MA neurons survived grafting. Also, using prenatal donars, the locus coeruleus grafts produced many more fibers on the irides than did the DA grafts. It was concluded that the intraocular transplantation technique is very suitable for quantitative studies of nerve fiber production by immature monoamine neurons, and that it should be possible to study many other neuron systems in similar ways with this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221102
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain tissue transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1976), S. 157-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Brain transplants ; Nerve growth ; Transmitter release ; Monoamines ; Presynaptic receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Small pieces of fetal rat brain selected to contain a high number of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neuroblasts were transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye of adult rats. The sympathetic ground plexus of the host iris was removed by superior cervical ganglionectomy so that transmitter mechanisms of the different central monoamine fibers innervating the iris could be selectively studied after intraocular maturation. Such irides, containing NA, DA, or 5-HT nerve terminals were incubated with radiolabelled transmitters and then stimulated by an electrical field while superfused, to investigate the spontaneous and stimulation-induced release of amine, both in drug-free buffer and buffer containing drugs acting on monoamine receptors. The central monoamine neurons of all three types were able to take up exogenous amines and release them upon stimulation by an electrical field, in much the same way as corresponding nerves in situ in slices of cerebral cortex (NA, 5-HT) or olfactory tubercle (DA). The α-adrenergic receptor blocking agent phentolamine increased the stimulation-induced release of 3H-NA from central NA fibers on the iris significantly. The dopamine receptor stimulating agent apomorphine decreased the stimulation-induced release of 3H-DA from central DA fibers on the iris. Pimozide, a DA receptor blocking drug tended to increase the 3H-DA release. The 5-HT receptor stimulating agent ergocornine tended to reduce the stimulation-induced release of 3H-5-HT from central 5-HT fibers on the iris. It was concluded that all three types of central monoamine nerve fibers develop essentially normal transmitter storage and release mechanisms also in an environment completely devoid of normal postsynaptic receptors. The drug experiments add strong support to the view that there are presynaptic monoamine receptors (“autoreceptors”) able to modulate transmitter release present on the monoamine nerve terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226656
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain tissue transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye: 3. Substitution of lacking central noradrenaline input by host iris sympathetic fibers in the isolated cerebral cortex developed in oculo (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 159 (1975), S. 325-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cortex cerebri ; Intraocular transplantation ; Sympathetic nerve growth ; Heterotopic innervation ; Maturation ; Embryology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fetal parietal cerebral cortex was homologously transplanted to the anterior chambers of the eyes of adult rats. The transplants got vascularized, proliferated, as measured by in vivo stereoscopic inspections, and differentiated into brain tissue similar to cortex cerebri in situ and survived for long times,〉 41/2 months. Fibers from the intact sympathetic adrenergic ground plexus of the iris were able to innervate the transplants in an organotypic way regarding fluorescence morphology, pattern of distribution of the nerve terminals and, to a certain extent, density of innervation, the only variable parameter being density of innervation. Thus, in unpretreated or MAO inhibited transplants only rather few to scattered terminals could be found, while after preincubation in 10-5M α-methyl-noradrenaline the number of visible terminals was normal or slightly less than normal, as compared to cortex cerebri in situ. When superior cervical ganglia (SCG) were transplanted together with fetal cortex tissue to sympathetically denervated eyes the ingrowth in the cortex tissue was similar to that after single cortex transplantation combined with 5 day old SCG, while a marked hyperinnervation was encountered when combined with adult SCG. It is concluded that the developing cortex cerebri, deprived of its normal CNS source of adrenergic nerves, is able to receive sympathetic adrenergic nerves from the iris in an organotypic way upon transplantation to the anterior chamber of the eye.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221780
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