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  • 2005-2009  (1)
  • 1970-1974  (5)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Single dose topical corticosteroid inhibits IL-5 and IL-13 in nasal lavage following grass pollen challenge (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background:  Nasal lavage is a noninvasive method of obtaining inflammatory exudates following nasal allergen challenge (NAC), and permits cells and released mediators to be evaluated.Objective:  To determine the effects of a single dose of topical steroid on eosinophils and levels of chemokines and cytokines in nasal lavage fluid following NAC in patients with allergic rhinitis.Methods:  Patients with grass pollen seasonal allergic rhinitis (n = 32) out of the allergy season received either nasal budesonide (100 μg per nostril) or matched placebo before allergen challenge in a double blind two-way crossover design. A semi-automated mixed bead array system was employed to measure multiple chemokines and cytokines in small volumes (50 μl) of nasal lavage supernatants.Results:  Following NAC there was a rapid onset of nasal symptoms together with nasal eosinophilia, and the appearance of IL-5 and IL-13 in lavages between 4 and 8 h. Elevated levels of eotaxin, RANTES, IL-8 and MCP-1 were also detected following allergen challenge. A single dose of nasal budesonide caused a decrease in symptoms (P 〈 0.05) and nasal eosinophils (P 〈 0.05) with selective abrogation of IL-5 and IL-13 responses (P 〈 0.05), but a lack of effect on levels of eotaxin, RANTES, IL-8 and MCP-1.Conclusion:  This study suggests that a single dose of nasal steroid has the capacity to selectively abolish IL-5 and IL-13 responses following NAC. This model should be convenient for testing novel anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory agents intended for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00928.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the significance of dispersal power for populations of carabid-beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) (1970)
    Springer
    Oecologia 4 (1970), S. 1-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary By various observations on carabid populations the author attempts to give an impression of the quantitative occurrence of dispersal and of the relation between dispersal and the chance of founding populations (dispersal power). Pitfall-catches in the recently reclamed “Zuiderzee”-polder E-Flevoland demonstrate that within seven years individuals of a number of monomorphic macropterous and dimorphic species had founded populations there. From the very high frequency of full-winged individuals within the latter populations it follows that full-winged carabid individuals generally must have a much greater power of dispersal than flightless ones. Therefore, winged individuals of dimorphic species were about equally able to reach E-Flevoland as were those of monomorphic macropterous ones, whereas individuals of monomorphic brachypterous species obviously are seriously hampered. The early appearance of individuals of riparian species on the shores of an artificial lake in the dune area “Meijendel” suggests that particularly populations living in unstable environments extensively “invest” in dispersal. It appears, however, that an important “investment” in dispersal apparently is not restricted to species from unstable environments; at least some sparse populations living in more stable environments also “sacrifice” relatively great numbers of individuals for dispersal (Pterostichus strenuus). The hypothesis is proposed, that populations facing a high risk of extinction generally will have a sufficient chance of founding populations (high “turnover”) when “investing” extensively in dispersal. Not only macropterous but — at least in some populations — also brachypterous individuals participate in migration, although in the populations studied the dispersal power of flightless individuals is found to be very small (Carabus problematicus). Under certain conditions the dispersal of full-winged individuals from wing-dimorphic populations may ultimately lead to a decrease or even a loss of dispersal power by a decrease of the frequency of macropterous individuals. It is assumed, however, that under certain natural conditions also brachypterous individuals may contribute to the spreading of risk within and between populations. The dispersal power of monomorphic macropterous, dimorphic and monomorphic brachypterous populations in a cultivated countryside like Drenthe is discussed. The connection between the dispersal power of different kinds of carabid populations and the resulting chance of survival under different conditions is discussed. Some suggestions for nature preservation management are given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390612
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit und Fortpflanzung bei Mäusen (1970)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 14 (1970), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geographie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 73 geschlechtsreife Mäuse des SEA- und CBA-Stammes wurden bei 36°C und 43–53% RF oder 83–100% RF sowie 22,5°C, 62–67% RF für 10 Tage (männliche Tiere) und 15 Tage (weibliche Tiere) gehalten. Die Resultate zeigten, dass sich hohe RF weniger negativ auf Körpergewichtsentwicklung und das Gewicht der Sexualorgane (gesamter Geschlechtstrakt) und Hoden auswirkten als niedrige RF. Als Erklärung wird angenommen, dass niedrige RF vor allem eine grössere Belastung des Organismus hervorruft die ihrerseits über die Respiration das Elektrolytgleichgewicht sowie über das endokrine System zur Wirkung gelangte.
    Kurzfassung: Resume On a placé 73 souris complétement développées des races SEA et CBA dans trois atmosphères différentes: 35°C et 43 à 53% d'humidité relative, 36°C et 83 à 100%, 22,5°C et 62 à 67%. Les mâles y ont séjourné 10 jours, les femelles 15. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu'un haut degré d'humidité a de moins graves conséquences sur le poids du corps et des organes génitaux ainsi que sur la production de spermatozoïdes que de faibles humidités relatives. On admet, pour expliquer ces constatations, que de faibles humidités provoquent une contrainte plus marquée de l'organisme tout entier. Cette contrainte serait le résultat de modifications respiratoires, du bilan électrolytique et des fonctions endocrines.
    Notizen: Abstract 73 mature mice of the SEA und CBA-strains were kept at 36°C, 43–53% RH or 83–100% RH and 22.5°C, 62–67% RH for 10 days (males) and 15 days (females). The results showed that high RH conditions decreased body and sexual organ weight (female and male genital tract) and inhibited spermatogenesis to a lesser degree than high ambient RH. This was assumed to be the result of a more pronounced stress on the whole organism due to changes in respiration, electrolyte balance, and endocrine functions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01440679
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Simulation experiments illustrating stabilization of animal numbers by spreading of risk (1970)
    Springer
    Oecologia 5 (1970), S. 240-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary 1. This paper discusses results of simulation studies with population models that were set up to illustrate the ideas about stabilization of population fluctuations and spreading of the risk of extinction expounded by den Boer (1968). In particular, the number of factors influencing net reproduction, the heterogeneity of the habitat and the possibility of a population's containing animals of different age classes were considered as possibly contributing to stabilization and to spreading of risk. 2. The model defined by equation (3.1.2), where r(t) denotes the net reproduction from t to t+1, f i (t) denotes the value of the i-th environmental factor in year t, and where the other symbols denote positive constants, was simulated by choosing for the f i(t) sequences of meteorological data from published tables. Such sequences may be serially correlated as well as correlated among themselves and using such real data was considered to be more realistic than working with sequences of independent random numbers, for example. Increasing the number k of factors turned out to stabilize fluctuations in the density. This fact could also be mathematically proved under not very restrictive assumptions. In a model where the logarithm of the net reproduction on the average is some-what greater than zero, and where “crashes” may occur at high densities, the population may persist for a very long time, even if the “size” of the crashes does not depend on density, and the times at which the crashes occur are chosen at random. 3. A model formulated in terms of matrices and vectors, in which a population was supposed to consist of 9 subpopulations and of several age classes was simulated. It was assumed that after a reproduction period the animals migrate between the subpopulations or emigrate from the whole population. It turned out that increasing the number of age classes may increase stability and that models where there is exchange of individuals between subpopulations by \ldmigration\rd are more stable than populations consisting of isolated subpopulations. Letting the exchange between subpopulations be \lddensity-dependent\rd had some stabilizing effect too, but not very conspicuously so.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344886
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Boekbesprekingen (1971)
    Springer
    De economist 119 (1971), S. 97-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9982
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01705895
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Boekbesprekingen (1971)
    Springer
    De economist 119 (1971), S. 740-785 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9982
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02127982
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