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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial resolved emission spectroscopic study on laser plume of Y1Ba2Cu3Ox at different oxygen pressures (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3697-3702 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To investigate the characteristics of the plume generated by the laser ablation of Y1Ba2Cu3Ox, emission spectra of the ejected species were observed at different distances from the target in an oxygen atmosphere. It was found that velocities of ejected species increased with the distance from the target. At 35 mm from the target the emission intensities of Y, Ba, O atoms, and YO molecules drastically increased to an order of magnitude larger beyond several tens mTorr of oxygen pressure. This increase of emission intensity was due to the increment of the plasma density by a shock front formed at ∼35 mm. Above 0.5 Torr of oxygen pressure, molecular YO was produced by the oxidation of Y atoms. The plasma temperature was also elevated by shock heating. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361201
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross sections for 16O(He,He)16O resonant elastic scattering and application to elemental analysis of YBa2Cu4O8 and Nd1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ films grown on SrTiO3 (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 14-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The differential cross sections for 16O(He,He)16O resonant elastic scattering at 3.034 and 3.078 MeV have been measured using stoichiometric thin (100 A(ring)) and thick (6000 A(ring)) SiO2 layers formed on Si(100) wafers by thermal oxidation at 900 °C under H2 and O2 flows. We have determined the resonance widths (Γ) and interaction radii (a), which are the parameters defining the cross sections in the partial wave analysis, by best fitting the angular and energy dependent scattering yields from oxygen. A computer simulation program for Rutherford backscattering including the 16O(He,He)16O resonant scattering has been synthesized and applied to the elemental analysis of thin YBa2Cu4O8 and Nd1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ films grown on SrTiO3 substrates. The present elemental analysis is compared with the transition temperatures of superconductivity (Tc) in the context of the oxygen deficiency. The accuracy of oxygen content is estimated to be better than 0.1 (a few %). How to improve the accuracies of the elemental analysis, in particular the oxygen content, is discussed in detail. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360948
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical simulation of the effect of Cs volume reaction in an H− ion source : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1132-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Effects of cesium related reactions are investigated using a simulation code for H− ion sources. Effects begin to appear when cesium density is 1011 cm−3, but are still small and become large when the cesium density is greater than 1012 cm−3. The H− density decreases due to electron detachment. Decreasing the plasma potential by cesium seeding results in 12% smaller H− density. The minimum of the plasma potential shown experimentally by Bacal is found to correspond to a cesium coverage of 50% with the use of Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Surface production is effective only when the cesium density is around 1011 cm−3. For cesium density greater than 1012 cm−3, the effect of the cesium related volume reaction becomes larger. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148646
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimate of cusp loss width in multicusp negative ion source : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 968-970 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Expression of cusp loss width derived by Bosch and Merlino is applied to JAERI's Kamaboko source. The width is related to the ambipolar diffusion coefficient across the cusp magnetic field. Electron–ion collision is found 1.2–7.4 times larger as compared with electron-neutral collision. Averaged cusp magnetic field in the diffusion coefficient is taken as a parameter in the simulation code for Kamaboko source. When the averaged magnetic field is 48 G, simulation results agree well with JAERI's experiment in a wide range of pressure and arc power variation. The value of 48 G is reasonable from the consideration of confining the equation of ion source plasma. The obtained width is about 10 times the value evaluated by two times ion Larmor radius on the surface of cusp magnet. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148603
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning probe microscopy of NdBa2Cu3Ox thin film surfaces (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2155-2157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have found that NdBa2Cu3Ox (NBCO) thin films, fabricated by the laser ablation process, have highly stable and smooth surfaces. Clear spiral patterns with 4–5 terraces are observed all over the film area with an atomic force microscope (AFM) operating in air. We have also obtained atomically resolved image of the spiral terraces using AFM, and also using ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope. This study suggests that NBCO film is a good candidate for device applications. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114751
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability of YBa2Cu3O7−x single crystal surfaces investigated by the ion channeling technique (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 841-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have performed ion channeling characterizations on the (001) and (100) surfaces of YBa2Cu3O7−x single crystals, using 950 keV He+ ions at temperatures ranging from 20 to 780 °C. In oxygen pressures below 5×10−5 Torr, we directly observed the surface changes as the sample temperature was increased, and found that the compositional and structural changes occurred from around 400 °C. At higher oxygen pressures, we heated the crystals and performed channeling analysis before and after the heating. We found that the YBa2Cu3O7−x crystal surfaces were stable at temperatures up to 780 °C in the oxygen pressure range of 1 mTorr–1 Torr. Beyond this range, the surfaces deteriorated at high temperatures. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119663
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High temperature surface peaks and surface reconstruction of the (001) SrTiO3−δ substrate surfaces studied by channeling (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 317-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temperature dependence of the surface peaks of the (001) SrTiO3 substrate surfaces was studied for the sample temperature up to 750 °C by channeling. The temperature dependence of the Sr surface peaks was found to be due to the thermal vibration of the Sr atoms. However, an anomalous temperature dependence of the Ti surface peak was observed which may be due to the displacement of Ti surface atoms. The Ti surface peaks are maximum at 400 °C. For the reduced SrTiO3−δ, surface reconstruction was observed on the Sr surface sublattice but the anomalous temperature dependence of the Ti surface peak disappeared. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113530
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct high-resolution electron microscopy observation of nonunit-cell nucleation in the initial stage of high-Tc superconducting film growth (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 1830-1832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The relationship between the starting and ending atomic layers of YBa2Cu3O7−x and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 thin films is studied by high-resolution electron microscopy. Experimental results show that the starting atomic layer of the thin film is determined by surface chemistry and the interaction between the thin film and the substrate, while the ending layer of the thin film is thermodynamically determined by the high-Tc cuprate itself. Therefore, nonunit cell nucleation is often observed in certain cases. The surface atomic layers of YBa2Cu3O7−x and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 were found to be the CuO layer and single BiO layer, respectively. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113336
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of sweet potato feathery mottle virus (S strain) genomic RNA:the large coding region of the P1 gene (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 1553-1562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The complete nucleotide sequence of a sweet potato feathery mottle virus severe strain (SPFMV-S) genomic RNA was determined from overlapping cDNA clones and by directly sequencing viral RNA. The viral RNA genome is 10 820 nucleotides long, excluding the poly(A) tail and contains one open reading frame (ORF) starting at nucleotide 118 and ending at 10 599, potentially encoding a polyprotein of 3 493 amino acids (Mr 393 800). The ORF was followed by a 3 untranslated region of 221 nucleotides. The deduced polyprotein includes P1 (74K), HC-Pro (52K), P3 (46K), 6K1, CI (72K), 6K2, NIa-VPg (22K), NIa-Pro (28K), NIb (60K) and coat (35K) proteins, after an analysis of protein cleavage sites analogous to other potyvirus polyproteins. The polyprotein had a high level of amino acid identity with those of other potyviruses, except in the regions of P1 and P3. The P1 of SPFMV-S RNA has 664 amino acid residues, and is the largest and least similar to those of other potyviruses. HC-Pro and CI show high identity with those of other potyviruses. P3 has relatively low identity, however, the length of P3 was within the range of variability among other potyviruses. The 6K1 protein between P3 and C1 is also highly similar to those of other potyviruses. This is the first report on the complete nucleotide sequence of the sweet potato-infecting virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050179
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolutionary pattern of influenza B viruses based on the HA and NS genes during 1940 to 1999: origin of the NS genes after 1997 (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 144 (1999), S. 1881-1891 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Phylogenetic analysis was carried out for genes encoding hemagglutinin (HA) (24 new and 25 previously reported sequences) and nonstructural proteins (NS) (22 new and 14 previously reported sequences) of influenza B virus isolates obtained from 1940 to 1999. Two antigenically and genetically distinct HA lineages are presently known to exist. Divergence into these two lineages was estimated to have occurred around 1969. Phylogenetic analysis of NS genes revealed that their phylogenetic relationships were not linked to the two HA lineages but suggested that reassortment of viral genes between the viruses of two HA lineages had occurred. In addition two distinct NS lineages which were not linked to the two HA lineages were observed. Viruses isolated after 1997 formed their own lineage in combination with B/Houston/84 while other virus isolates obtained from 1973 to 1995 comprised the other NS lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050712
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