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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 20 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was utilized by a symbiotic mixed culture which was composed of Pseudomonas putida VM15A and Pseudomonas sp. VM14C. The PVA oxidase was found in the culture fluid, membrane, and cytosol fractions of VM15C. The membrane-bound PVA oxidase was purified by several steps of chromatography. The enzyme (pI= 9.6) exhibited the maximum activity at pH 8.0 to 8.4 and 45°C, and utilized secondary alcohol as well as PVA. The enzyme showed the PVA dehydrogenating activity linking with phenazine ethosulfate, indicating the possibility that PVA oxidation is coupled with an electron transport chain on the bacterial membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 70 (1982), S. 267-273 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three semi-continuous culture experiments were conducted by using natural algal populations [dominants: Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira sp., Gymnodinium sp., Heterosigma sp. (formerly called Olisthodiscus luteus) and Eutreptiella sp.] collected from Tanigawa Harbor, Japan, where red-tides occurred occasionally. The effects of macro- and micro-nutrients onto the growth of different species of algae were specifically evaluated by a dialysis bag culture technique. Two types of responses for nutrients were clearly observed; macro- and micro-nutrient dependency. The former group includes S. costatum, Thalassiosira sp. and Eutreptiella sp. which mainly stimulated their growth by macro-nutrients. Heterosigma sp. was in the latter group which was stimulated by micronutrients. Gymnodinium sp. showed an intermediate type. A red-tide of Heterosigma sp. formed during the experiment in the harbor and is discussed with the results of the present culture experiments and some field observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 76 (1983), S. 203-211 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In a subtropical Hawaiian ecosystem, phytoplanton size structure analyses (November–December, 1980) showed that ultraplankton (〉3μm), nanoplankton (〉20μm) and netplankton (〉20μm) accounted for ca. 80, 98, and 2% of total chlorophyll standing stock, respectively, on the basis of chlorophyll. Similar trends were evident, for other biomass indices (e.g. cell numbers, total cell volume, ATP, particulate organic carbon, particulate organic nitrogen). The ultraplankton fraction consisted primarily of small flagellates (1 to 3 μm diam) and coccoid cells (≊1 μm diam); the 3 to 20 μm fraction was represented by dinoflagellates, coccolithophores, diatoms, and chrysophytes; and the netplankton fraction consisted principally of dinoflagellates and centric diatoms. Community photosynthesis had a size distribution similar to that of biomass. Sinking rates for the 3 μm, 3 to 20 μm, and 〉20 μm fractions averaged 0.0, 0.09, and 0.29m d−1, respectively. The absence of measurable sinking rates for the ultraplankton, together with the relative abundance of biomass in this fraction, result in very small phytoplankton losses due to sinking in such subtropical surface waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 76 (1983), S. 213-218 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ultraplankton (cell diameters 〉3 μm), which compromises about 70% of the biomass of phytoplankton in subtropical surface waters near Oahu, Hawaii, was isolated for growth rate studies. The specific growth rate (μ) was estimated from the rate of increase of the chlorophyll biomass during incubations in the absence of grazers. This growth rate of the ultraplankton ranged from 0.037 to 0.071 h−1 (=1.3 to 2.5 doublings d−1) during a period when P:B ratios of 5 to 14.5 μg C μg−1 chl a h−1 prevailed. The co-occurrence of atypically high P:B ratios and nonlimiting ambient nutrient concentrations suggests that the calculated values are higher than those characteristic of such subtropical ecosystems in general. Rates of ammonium uptake and photosynthesis by the 〉3 μm fraction were also compared to those of larger fractions. Organisms in the 〉3 μm fraction assimilated NH 4 + at a rate which was about 75% greater than that of the 3 to 20 μm size fraction. Comparison of μ and P:B data collected over a 2 mo period (November–December, 1980) shows that the correlation between these two rate indices is nonlinear. The predominance of small-celled phytoplankton in oligotrophic waters is explained, in part, by its higher μ, its higher nutrient assimilation rates, and the absence of its loss through sedimentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 76 (1983), S. 271-278 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Upwelling effects of subsurface water on phytoplankton growth were evaluated by 9 simulated culture experiments of coastal upwelling. Particular attention was paid to the effects of nutrient enrichment on the surface phytoplankton by the upwelling of nutrient rich subsurface water and of the exposure of the subsurface phytoplankters to surface radiation. The following are the results obtained: the lag period of phytoplankton growth was inversely related to water temperature; the maximum yield of phytoplankton was proportional to the amounts of available initial nutrients; the specific growth rates of phytoplankton were a function of both the initial nutrient concentrations and water temperature; and the maximum specific growth rate was simply proportional to water temperature. According to the relations found, a simple equation is presented for the estimation of phytoplankton growth in a given upwelling. Succession of species in the phytoplankton assemblage in upwelled water mass was also taken into consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 79 (1984), S. 177-186 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A distinctive chlorophyll maximum was detected around 60-m depth in the western North Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, and almost 55% of the total chlorophyll in the entire water column was found within 50 m around the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) layer. More than 70% of the chlorophyll was contained in picoplankton which passed through a 3-μm Nuclepore but retained on 0.22-μm Millipore filters at the SCM as well as the surface layers. By transmission electron microscopic observations, the picoplankton were identified as aChlorella-like coccoid green alga having a section size of 1.2 to 1.5 μm and cyanobacteria of 0.5 to 2 μm. No obvious difference in these two dominant groups was observed in the SCM and the surface samples except in numerous and heavily stacked thylakoids in the former samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The use of stable isotope of carbon, 13C, for the determination of the photosynthetic rate of a marine phytoplankton population was examined. Particular concern was paid to the effects of non-phytoplanktonic organic carbon and the enrichment of inorganic carbon on the estimation of the photosynthetic rate. Photosynthetic rates determined by the 13C method showed a remarkable agreement with those determined by the 14C method. Insitu determinations of photosynthetic rate were made in three different water types: open ocean, coastal and neritic waters, which included oligo- and mesotrophic waters, by using the 13C method established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 19 (1980), S. 249-256 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Dural carotid-cavernous fistula ; Dural fistula ; Magnification angiography ; Expothalmus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eleven patients with dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistulae were studied with selective magnification angiography. The angiographic features of this condition were analyzed in detail. The arterial plexus normally present in and around the cavernous sinus has been thought to rupture into the sinus and establish an arteriovenous fistula with an extensive dural arterial supply. Changeable angiographic and clinical findings, including spontaneous regression, can be explained on the basis of thrombosis and occlusion in the arterial network. The indications for and methods of embolization are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 26 (1984), S. 253-259 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: DSA ; vessel resolution ; digital subtraction angiography ; intraarterial DSA ; IA DSA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Comparative study was performed between IA DSA and stereoscopic magnification angiography in relation to small vessel resolution, image quality of the vessels and image quality of various pathologic lesions. The vessels of various diameters, accurately measured by stereoscopic magnification angiography, were localized on IA DSA and their resolution was carefully assessed. The vessels more than 1 mm in diameter were equally visualized on IA DSA and conventional angiography. The vessels between 1 mm and 0.5 mm showed fair resolution on IA DSA, whereas IA DSA did not resolve the vessels smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter to good advantage. In addition, image quality of the vessels on IA DSA was compared with the conventional methods. Cerebral gyrus, venous sinuses, and intracerebral veins are often shown better on DSA. The small vessels such as lenticulostriate, small cortical, thalamoperforate and meningohypophyseal arteries were not defined on DSA. Equal or better image quality was obtained in more than 85% of cases with pathologic lesions. Examinations were performed faster with lower cost and lower complication rate. Information provided by DSA was often sufficient for managements of patients. Combined use of DSA and conventional angiography will improve diagnostic accuracy and decrease the complication rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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