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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Beeinflussung des90Sr-Stoffwechsels bei der wachsenden Ratte durch fettlösliche Vitamine (1964)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 42 (1964), S. 942-948 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The effect of vitamin D3 on the metabolism of90Sr has been studied on growing rats fed with a diet containing a constant level of90Sr but different amounts of vitamin D3. Physiological doses or slightly enhanced doses of vitamin D3 caused no significant effects. Largely enhanced doses of vitamin D3 caused toxic effects. This had the following consequences for90Sr metabolism: 1. The absorption of90Sr is largely increased, as judged by the reduced excretion with the feces, while growth is delayed and food uptake is insufficient. 2. Retention of90Sr in the skeleton is increased in hypervitaminosis in spite of an insufficient calcification. 3. The level of90Sr in the blood is raised due to the improved Sr absorption caused by vitamin D3. Therefore the renal excretion of90Sr and Ca rises with increasing vitamin doses. 4. Discrimination. The data of mineral metabolism change continously with growing vitamin D3 doses. The efficiency of discrimination by the intestinal epithelium is lowered with increasing doses of vitamin D3. The same holds true for the discrimination in the skeleton. The kidneys are injured by mineral depositions after high doses of vitamin D3. As a consequence the discrimination efficiency decreases.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wachsende Ratten erhielten bei einer konstanten Kontaminierung des Futters mit90Sr verschieden hohe Zufuhren von Vitamin D3. Infolge der Speicherungsmöglichkeit fettlöslicher Vitamine ist eine Hypervitaminose möglich. Der Fall einer Avitaminose wurde nicht untersucht. Fehlt Vitamin D im Futter der Ratte, so tritt bei ausgewogener Mineraldiät keine Rachitis ein. Physiologische und mäßig überhöhte Vitaminierung bringen kaum sichtbare Effekte. Erhöht man die Vitaminzufuhr in unphysiologischer Weise, so treten Vergiftungen und deren Folgeerscheinungen auf. 1. Bei gebremstem Wachstum und unzureichender Futteraufnahme ist dieResorption von 90 Sr stark erhöht, erkennbar an einer deutlich verminderten Ausscheidung in den Faeces. 2. Trotz einer mangelhaften Calcifizierung der organischen Knochenmatrix ist bei Hypervitaminose die90 Sr-Retention, in Prozent des täglichen Angebotes,im Skelet erhöht. 3. Der90 Sr-Blutspiegel ist infolge der vitaminbedingten Verbesserung der90Sr-Resorptionerhöht. Dahersteigt mit zunehmender Vitaminierung dieAusscheidung von 90 Sr durch die Niere, ebenso wie die des Calciums,an. 4.Diskriminierung. Mit der Erhöhung der Vitamin D-Zufuhr verändern sich die Daten des Mineralstoffwechsels kontinuierlich. Vitamin D senkt bei zunehmender Dosierung die Diskriminierungsleistung des Darmepithels (trotz einer erhöhten Resorption). Die Niere wird durch hohe Vitamin D-Gaben in zunehmendem Maße durch Einlagerung von Mineralstoffen geschädigt, so daß die Diskriminierungsleistung rapide absinkt. Die Diskriminierung beim Aufbau des Skelets bezüglich des Nahrungsangebotes verschlechtert sich mit zunehmender Vitamin D-Gabe. Für die Unterstützung dieser Versuche danken wir dem Bundesministerium für wissenschaftliche Forschung. FräuleinA. Bühler danken wir für technische Assistenz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01484420
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über den Stoffwechsel von radioaktiv markiertem Xylit bei der Ratte (1964)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 42 (1964), S. 1073-1077 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary After feeding14C-xylitol to rats about 60% of the label appears as respiratory14CO2 with a half-life time of 400 min. The half-life time of absorption is 7±1 hours. After adaptation to xylitol 70% of the label is exspired with a half-life time of 230 min, the turnover rate having raised 3 times. A similar increase in turnover rate can be observed in alloxan diabetic rats. After intravenous application of xylitol 50% is oxidized to14CO2 and the activity excreted in the urine is somewhat higher than after oral administration. The turnover rate in the steady state during intravenous infusion, showing the maximal capacity of the rat to oxidize xylitol, is 50±5 mg/hr and kg. Healthy animals retain 1/3 of the activity in the carcass, alloxan diabetic rats retain only 1/6 of the dose. 42–96% of the activity in the urine is found in urea. 4–6% of the activity of the administered xylitol is found in liver glycogen, less than 1% in muscle glycogen. Für die Unterstützung bei diesen Versuchen danken wir FräuleinH. Werner für technische Assistenz. Herrn Dr.G. Czok für freundliche Hilfe bei den Tierversuchen, Herrn Prof. Dr.K. H. Bässler für die Überlassung alloxandiabetischer Ratten und FräuleinK. Wagner für die Bestimmung des Blutzuckers.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Verfüttert man erstmalig an Ratten14C-Xylit, so werden rund 60% der Substanz mit einer Halbwertszeit von 400 min oxydiert und als14CO2 ausgeatmet. Für die Resorption bei erstmaliger Gabe haben wir eine Halbwertszeit von 7±1 Std ermittelt. Gibt man im Anschluß an eine Gewöhnung an Xylit ein markiertes Präparat so werden fast 70% der Aktivität mit einer Halbwertszeit von 230 min oxydiert und die Umsatzgeschwindigkeit hat sich verdreifacht. Eine ähnliche Steigerung erfährt die Umsatzgeschwindigkeit im experimentellen Diabetes. Bei parenteraler Verabreichung des Xylits liegt der oxydierte Anteil bei 50%, während die im Harn ausgeschiedene Aktivität höher liegt als bei peroraler Gabe. Die bei parenteraler Verabreichung des Xylits erreichte Umsatzgeschwindigkeit stellt im steady state mit 50±5 mg oxydiertem Xylit/Std und kg Körpergewicht die für die Ratte maximal mögliche dar. Bei gesunden Tieren wird ein Drittel der Aktivität im Carcass retiniert; bei Alloxandiabetes wird nur ein Sechstel der verabreichten Dosis im Carcass retiniert. Die im Harn gesunder Tiere ausgeschiedene Aktivität entfällt im wesentlichen auf das14CO2 des Harnstoffes. Von der als Xylit beigebrachten Aktivität findet sich im Glykogen der Muskulatur weniger als 1%, im Glykogen der Leber 4–6%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01486348
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Änderung der Stickstoffbilanz flüssiger Nährböden durch einige in Oberflächenwasser vorkommende Bakterien (1961)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 147 (1961), S. 495-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Neun Laborstämme von im Oberflächenwasser häufig vorkommenden Bakterienarten wurden in nitrit- oder (und) nitrathaltigen flüssigen Nährböden kultiviert und die Stickstoffbilanz des Nährbodens vor und nach der Kultur ermittelt. Die Bestimmung des organisch gebundenen Stickstoffs, Ammonium-, Nitrit- und Nitratstickstoffs ergab bei acht Stämmen (Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Cloaca clocacae, Klebsiella spec.,Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis, Bacillus subtilis undB. cereus) verschieden hohe Reduktionsleistungen, aber nur unwesentliche Veränderungen des Gesamt-Stickstoffgehaltes. Nur beiPseudomonas fluorescens wurde die Bilanz mit einem Wert von nahezu 4400 mg/l (69,7%) stark negativ. Die in diese Kulturen eingebrachten hohen Mengen an Nitrat-Stickstoff wurden bis zum gasförmigen Stickstoff umgesetzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02162284
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low antithrombin III in neonatal shock: DIC or non-specific protein depletion? (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 500-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Antithrombin III ; Albumin ; Shock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Low antithrombin III (AT III) levels in shock are usually ascribed to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). However, decreased activities of clotting factors and their inhibitors could reflect a generalised fall in plasma proteins rather than DIC. AT III and albumin were compared in 48 asphyxiated and non-asphyxiated newborn rabbits (pH6.70–7.30). Both AT III and albumin were markedly decreased in the sickest animals and there was a direct linear relationship between the two proteins (P〈0.001). Similar results were obtained in ten newborn infants suffering from shock and haemorrhagic diathesis. In all cases AT III and albumin were decreased below the normal range and significantly correlated (P〈0.01). Our findings suggest that AT III is not a useful diagnostic marker of DIC. Further, a similar fall of clottable and non-clottable proteins in shock questions the general assumption that the ensuing coagulopathy is due to intravascular coagulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02429051
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Afrikanische Philosophie - Mythos und Realität (Literaturbericht) (1989)
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie. 37:3 (1989) 257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0012-1045
    Topics: Philosophy
    Notes: BEMERKUNGEN UND BERICHTE
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:4085-1989-037-03-000009
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two- and three-body forces in the interaction of He atoms with Xe overlayers adsorbed on (0001) graphite (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 6477-6493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to address the problem of three-body interactions in gas–surface scattering, we considered the collision of a He atom with the (0001) surface of graphite coated by a monolayer of Xe. To eliminate the uncertainties connected with errors in the two-body He–Xe interaction, we determined the latter by crossed-beam differential collision cross-section measurements performed at two energies (67.2 and 22.35 meV). These scattering data together with room-temperature bulk diffusion data are then fitted with a Hartree–Fock–dispersion–type function to yield an interaction potential that explains most of the properties of this system within the experimental errors and represents an improvement on previously published He–Xe potentials. Helium diffraction measurements are then carried out from the Xe overlayer and the dependence of the specular intensity from the angle of incidence is carefully determined. Further, a He–surface potential is constructed by adding together the following terms: (1) the He–Xe pairwise sum, (2) the long-range He–(0001)C interaction, (3) the three-body contribution generated by the Axilrod–Teller–Muto term, (4) the so-called surface-mediated three-body interaction He–Xe–(0001)C first considered by A. D. McLachlan [Mol. Phys. 7, 381 (1964)], and finally (5) a small correction which is meant to take into account the nonstationary nature of the surface. Using this potential, well-converged close-coupling scattering calculations are carried out, and their results compared with the data. In general, good agreement is obtained. The agreement can, however, be improved by (a) an increase of about 30% in the contribution of three-body forces, (b) the lowering of the He–graphite long-range attraction coefficient by about 15%, or (c) a reduction of the two-body interaction well depth of 1.6% (the experimental error) together with any combination of the factors under (a) and (b) reduced by an adequate amount. Elimination of the contribution of the graphite surface by studying Xe multilayers is hindered by the uncertainties in the "thermal correction'' [point (5) above] which, due to the multilayer increased "softness,'' becomes an appreciable source of uncertainty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457364
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splitting of Uracil Dimer by High-energy Electrons (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 199 (1963), S. 504-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During the experiments recorded here an aqueous solution of uracil dimer (120 µg/ml.) was irradiated with 100 kr. electrons of 34 MeV at room temperature. After exposure to -rays 30 per cent of the radioactivity of the uracil labelled with carbon-14 were shown to be situated in monomer ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/199504a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-specific Hæmagglutinin from Cellulose and Cellulose Ion Exchanger (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 187 (1960), S. 790-790 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] With reference to the increasing importance of the cellulose ion exchangers, for example, for fractionation of hsemagglutinating agents1"3, it seems to be useful to know, and to exclude, this hsemagglutinin. The dialytic behaviour of the non-specific hsemag-glutinin from DEAE-cellulose indicates a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/187790a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local linearization stability (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 28 (1987), S. 1844-1847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: It is shown that Einstein's equations are always linearization stable around any finite region of space-time. Let (Ω,g0ab ) be any region of space-time, admitting a compact Cauchy surface with nonempty smooth boundary, and with g0ab a sufficiently smooth solution of the vacuum Einstein equation. It is shown that for any solution g1ab of the linearized equation and any open region U⊆Ω, there exists a smooth one-parameter family gλab of solutions on U such that (gλab||λ=0 =g0ab ) ||U and ((d/dλ)gλab =g1ab )||U. By using a result of Choquet-Bruhat and York [The Cauchy Problem, General Relativity and Gravitation, edited by A. Held (Plenum, New York, 1980), Vol. 1] asserting the smoothness of the map that sends initial data into solutions of Einstein's evolution equations the proof of the above theorem is reduced to the proof of a similar theorem for Einstein's constraint equations. The proof of this latter theorem involves the use of the implicit function theorem in Hilbert spaces. This local result on linearization stability asserts, in contrast to the general global case, that linearization about any vacuum solution is locally physically meaningful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.527445
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection — culture versus serology (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 4 (1988), S. 75-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis ; Serology (ELISA) ; Urogenital infections ; Adnexitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diagnostic value of different laboratory methods in detecting Chlamydia trachomatis infections in high risk groups was analysed. The efficiency of a direct specimen test was compared with serology (IgG and IgM ELISA) and culture in L929 cells, stained either with fluorescein conjugated monoclonal antibodies or with iodine. Patients (no. = 1041) with localized genital infections attending a STD clinic, sexual contacts and patients with ascending infections from urological and gynecological clinics were examined. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 225 patients: 210 (93.3% were reactive in the direct test (smears stained with monoclonal antibodies), whereas culture missed only 5 (sensitivity 97.8%) when stained by the same method. Cultures stained with iodine produced the lowest recovery rate (73.8%), but this rate increased to 80.9% when a second passage was performed. In addition the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis was investigated. In patients with non-gonococcal urethritis (no. = 331) and cervicitis (no. = 353), Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated in 32.3% and 12.8% respectively. However, this pathogen could be isolated in only 3 (15.8%) out of 19 patients with epididymitis and 15 (14%) out of 107 patients with adnexitis, although 66.7% and 93.3% respectively had specific IgG antibodies. Specific IgM could by detected with a sandwich ELISA in patients with adnexitis (46.7%), epididymitis (33.3%), cervicitis (22.2%), non-gonococcal urethritis (14%) and in the sexual partners of patients with genital infections (35.7%). The direct specimen test with monoclonal antibodies is the method of choice for the diagnosis of a C. trachomatis infection in patients with urethritis and cervicitis. In ascending infections of the genital tract, however, even culture may give negative results, and serology may be of diagnostic assistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00152696
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